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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2011‒03‒26
five papers chosen by Laura Stefanescu European Research Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration |
| By: | Andrea Morrison; Roberta Rabellotti; Florian Lorenzo Zirulia |
| Abstract: | Recent studies have stressed the role played by global pipelines in fostering cluster growth and innovativeness. This paper develops a formal model investigating when global pipelines contribute to increase local knowledge, depending on various cluster characteristics such as size, knowledge endowment and ease of internal knowledge transmission. This model is an extension of Cowan and JonardÕs 2004 model in which we introduce the concept of cluster and a role for spatial proximity in knowledge diffusion. We find that there is a natural tendency of actors within global pipelines to act as external stars rather than knowledge gatekeepers. Global pipelines are beneficial for cluster knowledge accumulation only if the cluster is either characterized by a high quality local buzz or is small and weakly endowed in terms of knowledge. |
| Keywords: | knowledge gatekeepers, clusters, knowledge diffusion |
| JEL: | R11 O33 D83 C63 |
| Date: | 2011–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1105&r=knm |
| By: | Chiara Pederzoli; Grid Thoma; Costanza Torricelli |
| Abstract: | Financial constraints are particularly severe for R&D projects of SMEs, which cannot generally rely on equity markets and, in the EU, on a sufficiently developed VC industry. If innovative SMEs have to depend on banks to finance their R&D projects, it is particularly important to develop models able to estimate their probability of default (PD) in consideration of their peculiar features. Based on the signaling value of some innovative assets, the purpose of this paper is to show the importance to include them into models which have proved to be successful for SMEs. To this end, we take a logit model and test it on a unique dataset of innovative SMEs (based on PATSTAT database, EPO BULLETIN and AMADEUS) to estimate a two-year PD with default years 2006-2008. In the regression analysis the innovation-related variables are two in order to account for R&D productivity at the level of the firm and to consider the value of the inventive output. Our analyses first address measurement issues concerning innovation-related variable and then show that, while the accounting variables and the patent value are always significant with the expected sign, the patent number per se reduces the PD only in the presence of an appropriate equity level. |
| Keywords: | innovative SMEs; default probability; patent value |
| JEL: | G21 G32 C25 O31 O34 |
| Date: | 2011–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mod:wcefin:11031&r=knm |
| By: | Cuijpers, Maarten; Guenter, Hannes; Hussinger, Katrin |
| Abstract: | Inter-departmental innovation collaboration facilitates innovation performance. At the same time, it has been identified as source of increased coordination costs. Using organizational information processing theory, this paper builds and tests hypotheses on the costs and benefits of innovation-related collaboration within firms. Based on a sample of 433 German manufacturing firms we show inter-departmental innovation collaboration to increase process innovation performance, but also to produce costs in terms of project delay and project termination. These costs, however, do not affect innovation performance at the firm level. This finding suggests firms to be well able to balance the costs and benefits of interdepartmental collaboration across their innovation project portfolio. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. -- |
| Keywords: | Inter-departmental innovation collaboration,innovation performance,project delay,project termination |
| JEL: | O32 M54 O31 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:11003&r=knm |
| By: | Martin Srholec |
| Abstract: | Innovation is a multilevel phenomenon. Not only attributes of firms but also the framework conditions within which firms operate matter. Although this has been recognized in the literature for a long time, a quantitative test that explicitly considers this hypothesis has been lacking. Using a large sample of firms from many developing countries, we estimate a multilevel model of innovation which connects micro and macro levels of analysis in an integrated framework. National economic, technological and institutional framework conditions are shown to directly predict the likelihood of firms to innovate. More specifically, general education, taxation of income and democratic political institutions turn out to be highly relevant, while macroeconomic stability is somewhat less relevant. But what tends to be perceived as “good” governance and the extent of public research infrastructure do not seem to make much difference. The latter result is interpreted as indicating that what matters is not how much money governments spend on the research infrastructure but rather how effectively these resources are used to leverage innovation. Nevertheless, the results also draw attention to the limits of the existing models, methods and data. |
| Keywords: | innovation; technological capability; multilevel modeling; institutions; developing countries; innovation, technological capability, multilevel modeling, institutions, developing countries. |
| JEL: | O12 O14 C39 O31 O43 |
| Date: | 2011–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp432&r=knm |
| By: | Iritié, J.J. |
| Abstract: | Les pôles de compétitivité, basés sur le modèle des clusters, sont au coeur de la nouvelle politique industrielle française. Ils ont pour objet de favoriser un environnement propice à l'innovation à fort potentiel technologique, moteur de croissance économique. L'objectif de ce papier est d'analyser les effets de ce dispositif industriel sur les incitations à innover des firmes et sur la performance de la coopération R et D. Pour ce faire, nous développons un modèle de duopole, coopératif en R et D, co-localisé sur un territoire avec d'autres firmes et intégrant les spillovers localisés. Les résultats montrent que les pôles créent des incitations informationnelles socialement sous-optimales pour corriger totalementle problème classique de sous-investissement en matière de R et D. Ce qui justifie les incitations financières publiques. Par ailleurs, on montre que les pôles peuvent favoriser des comportements collusifs, inattendus, entre les firmes et qui déstabiliseraient la coopération R et D. |
| Keywords: | SPILLOVERS LOCALISES;POLE DE COMPETITIVITE;COOPERATION R ET D;CAPACITE D'ABSORPTION;POINT COL. |
| JEL: | L00 O25 O31 R00 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gbl:wpaper:201101&r=knm |