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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2007‒07‒20
three papers chosen by Emanuele Canegrati Catholic University of the Sacred Heart |
| By: | Clercq, D. de; Hessels, S.J.A.; Stel, A.J. van (Erasmus Research Institute of Management (ERIM), RSM Erasmus University) |
| Abstract: | We draw on knowledge spillover literature to suggest that a country?s level of foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade may influence the export orientation of its entrepreneurs, which in turn may relate to the country?s total level of entrepreneurial activity. Macro-level data from 34 countries during 2002?2005 indicate that a country?s outward FDI, export, and import positively affect entrepreneurs? export orientation, but these effects differ in how fast they manifest themselves. Furthermore, the extent to which a country?s entrepreneurs engage in export-oriented activities affects the subsequent emergence of new businesses. These findings have important implications for research and practice. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge spillovers;Export orientation;Country-level entrepreneurship; |
| Date: | 2007–06–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:eureri:300011416&r=knm |
| By: | Hardy-Vallee, Benoit |
| Abstract: | This article introduces and discusses from a philosophical point of view the nascent field of neuroeconomics, which is the study of neural mechanisms involved in decision-making and their economic significance. Following a survey of the ways in which decision-making is usually construed in philosophy, economics and psychology, I review many important findings in neuroeconomics to show that they suggest a revised picture of decision-making and ourselves as choosing agents. Finally, I outline a neuroeconomic account of irrationality. |
| Keywords: | neuroeconomics; decision-making; rationality; ultimatum; philosophy; psychology |
| JEL: | B50 D01 |
| Date: | 2007–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:4010&r=knm |
| By: | Fersterer, Josef; Pischke, JÃÂörn-Steffen; Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf |
| Abstract: | Little is known about the payoffs to apprenticeship training in the German speaking countries for the participants. OLS estimates suggest that the returns are similar to those of other types of schooling. However, there is a lot of heterogeneity in the types of apprenticeships offered, and institutional descriptions suggest that there might be an important element of selection in who obtains an apprenticeship, and what type. In order to overcome the resulting ability bias we estimate returns to apprenticeship training for apprentices in failed firms in Austria. When a firm fails, current apprentices cannot complete their training in this firm. Because apprentices will be at different stages in their apprenticeship at that time, the failure of a firm will manipulate the length of the apprenticeship period completed for some apprentices. The time to the firm failure therefore serves as an instrument for the length of the apprenticeship completed both at the original firm and at other firms. We find instrumental variables returns which are similar or larger than the OLS returns in our sample, indicating relatively little selection. |
| Keywords: | ability bias; firm-based training; Human capital; returns to schooling |
| JEL: | J24 J31 |
| Date: | 2007–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:6387&r=knm |