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on Intellectual Property Rights |
| By: | Mutsamwira, Sam |
| Abstract: | This study examines how scientist-entrepreneurs in New Zealand experience and navigate intellectual property (IP) during the technology transfer process. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, the study draws on semi-structured interviews with fourteen scientist-entrepreneurs, analysed via reflexive thematic analysis. The findings reveal a central IP Paradox; IP is simultaneously an indispensable prerequisite for technology transfer and a significant impediment. Useful theories, the Innovation Incentive Theory, Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship, and Resource-Based View, only partially explain this phenomenon, as managing IP introduces profound strategic tensions, costs, and uncertainties. The analysis elucidates the IP Paradox for scientific start-ups, which complements and adds on to these dominant theoretical frameworks, and then develops an IP Navigation Matrix as a sense-making and decision-support tool grounded in entrepreneurs’ lived experience. This provides a nuanced understanding of IP’s dual role, offering direct managerial and policy implications for improving technology transfer, supporting academic entrepreneurship, and fostering innovation in New Zealand and other small open economies. The findings also provide practical insights for IP practitioners advising scientific ventures in New Zealand. Keywords: intellectual property protection; scientific start-ups; patents; trade secrets; technology transfer; New Zealand |
| Date: | 2026–05–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:ywp2a_v1 |
| By: | Matt Clancy |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a novel estimates of annual private sector agricultural R&D at the level of US states for the period 1976-2014. For each of five different agricultural subsectors, I allocate estimates of national private sector R&D across the 50 states by using the geographic distribution of inventors listed on contemporaneous US patents in the same agricultural subsector. These five subsectors comprise a large majority of total private sector agricultural R&D. I then use this new dataset to document three stylized facts about private sector agricultural R&D: it is highly correlated with the size of the state's agricultural economy (including over time, as well as in cross section), it is highly persistent, and is has become increasingly less concentrated over 1976-2014, though this last trend shows signs of reversing. |
| Date: | 2026–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2607.04956 |
| By: | Gumpert, Anna; Manova, Kalina; Rujan, Cristina; Schnitzer, Monika |
| Abstract: | This paper provides an integrated analysis of multinational companies' global production and innovation. We establish novel stylized facts using rich data on the network of production affiliates and patent activity of German multinationals. We rationalize these facts with a heterogeneous-firm model, in which companies jointly determine the location and scale of production, basic innovation and applied innovation, under asymmetric complementarities across these three activities. Empirical evidence consistent with the model indicates that bigger MNCs innovate more intensively in terms of patent frequency and quality, and offshore innovation to more countries, including both countries with and without production affiliates. Moreover, MNCs' innovation portfolio follows countries' comparative advantage across technology classes, with applied innovation more likely to be co-located with production than basic innovation. |
| Keywords: | Multinational firms; Fdi; Offshoring; Innovation; Patents |
| JEL: | F20 F23 F63 L23 L24 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:20045 |
| By: | Galvin Kuan Sian Lee (UM - University of Malaya = Universiti Malaya [Kuala Lumpur, Malaisie], Taylor’s University) |
| Abstract: | The intersection of social media and luxury branding presents a paradox: luxury thrives on exclusivity, while digital platforms are designed for visibility and participation. This narrative literature review synthesises studies published between 2010 and 2025 to examine how luxury brands navigate this paradox. Three key domains are explored: the role of social media in shaping brand equity, the evolving mechanisms of consumer engagement, and the digital challenges unique to the luxury sector. The review finds that while social media strengthens brand image through symbolic storytelling and aesthetic immersion, it has a more limited role in building brand awareness. Personalisation and co-creation strengthen emotional bonds and loyalty, though overuse risks prestige dilution. Technological innovations such as AR, VR, and AI offer new experiential frontiers but require alignment with the brand's symbolic capital. This study contributes a multidimensional framework for understanding digital luxury branding and highlights managerial imperatives for balancing visibility with exclusivity. Future research is urged to explore generational and cultural variances, integrate stronger theoretical foundations, and address the tension between consumer empowerment and brand control in increasingly participatory environments. |
| Keywords: | Digital transformation, Symbolic capital, Consumer engagement, Social media strategy, Luxury brand management |
| Date: | 2025–10–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05609047 |