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on Intellectual Property Rights |
| By: | Flamand, Marina; Frigant, Vincent; Miollan, Stéphane; Dimitrova, Zlatina; Sauve, Henri |
| Abstract: | At the heart of the Technological Innovation Systems (TIS) approach is the knowledge production function. Its evaluation requires the study and characterization of the TIS knowledge base and its evolution. Although patents are often used to study this knowledge production function, current techniques for mobilizing these data can be improved. In this article, we propose to work in two directions. Firstly, most studies focus on a singular knowledge base associated with the focal TIS. However, the knowledge spaces associated with a technology are themselves plural, comprising a variety of constituent elements that must be considered separately. In this way, we have broken down the knowledge base required to develop the focal TIS into different technological building blocks. These building blocks have been classified according to three different levels of analysis: type of technological solution, challenges to be met and field of application. Secondly, most studies measure the knowledge production function by the number of patents applications. However, the sheer volume of patents is a biased indicator. A more comprehensive approach to patent analysis is recommended, based on cross-checking several indicators to ensure the accuracy of patent statistics. From this perspective, we evaluate three sets of patent indicators - persistence, commitment, and coherence - to determine, for each subset, whether there is a sufficient level of knowledge created to promote the development of the TIS. All in all, this article proposes a new method of multi-criteria analysis of the knowledge production function in four stages. The relevance and operability of this method is illustrated in the case of hydrogen storage TIS. |
| Keywords: | Technological Innovation System, Knowledge production, Metrics, Patent, Hydrogen storage technologies |
| JEL: | O31 O33 Q55 |
| Date: | 2024–12–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:123050 |
| By: | Immaculata Anthony Ekpo; Abel Olaleye |
| Abstract: | This study, with a focus on valuers in Lagos, Nigeria, examined awareness of IP valuation and sources of such awareness with a view to providing information towards enhancing valuers’ participation in IP valuation. Primary data were collected using an online questionnaire (Google Form) and administered on estate surveyors and valuers (ESVs) in private practice in Lagos, Nigeria. The study area was stratified into Mainland and Island. Thereafter, 50% of the total population of ESVs, (226 and 186 respectively) in each location were selected randomly, given a total sample size of 206. The study retrieved 105 questionnaires representing 51% response rate. The data were analysed using frequencies, percentages and mean rating. The results showed that valuers had average level of awareness of IP valuation. The awareness was found to have had a significant (P = 0.026 (Chi-square) direct relationship with their professional rank. Also, valuers gained their level of awareness mainly through the internet (mean=3.24) and seminar/workshop attendance (2.85). Also, valuers’ understanding of IP-relevant concepts was insufficient. The study concluded that valuers’ awareness of IP valuation was average, and more sensitisations still need to be done towards ensuring universities’ curricula relevance and training of valuers already in practice. |
| Keywords: | awareness; Developing Countries; Intellectual Property; learning sources; Valuation |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2024–01–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:afr:wpaper:2024-023 |