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on Intellectual Property Rights |
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Issue of 2022‒09‒26
three papers chosen by Giovanni Ramello Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” |
| By: | Ulrike Michel-Schneider (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague) |
| Abstract: | Purpose: Patenting continues being a growing market, yet critics see significant inefficiencies between the cost spent on protecting inventions and their economic returns. The purpose of this paper is to examine the value of patenting from a cost management point of view and lay out in detail all costs related to it. This approach is intended to support inventors in deciding whether patenting is the right solution for them. Methodology: Utilising a quantitative approach, a comprehensive literature review and analysis of scientific research has been undertaken. Together with secondary literature, further economic resources have been reviewed, both on the topic of patenting, as well as cost management, using here specifically the approach of Life Cycle Cost (LCC). Furthermore, interviews with experts have been conducted to verify results. Findings: Sources prove that a significant amount of patents never recover their cost, yet the annual growth of in force patents reach above 5%. Looking at a business case of patenting an invention from an LCC perspective, the cost for the patent application process and the maintenance of the patent are clear and can be incorporated. Strategic patent management leads to the optimisation of costs, cost reductions and consequently to an increased efficiency of a patent.Practical implication: Patenting is not always the most cost effective or profit maximising solution. The review laid out in this paper should serve those considering the financial aspect of protecting their IP rights while providing an insight about what type of costs are involved in patenting and how these can be optimised. Originality/value: This study is meaningful as it details the related costs of patenting, providing a basis for decision making. Costs laid out include those related to the application or filing process, the periodic financial maintenance, as well as the management and administration of handling these processes and partnerships. Costs related to R&D of the invention, opportunity costs and possible risks are further defined, providing a holistic view of the costs of patenting. |
| Keywords: | Cost management, Life cycle cost, Patent management, Intellectual property |
| JEL: | A22 A23 |
| Date: | 2022–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iefpro:12915571&r= |
| By: | Nilsen, Øivind A. (Dept. of Economics, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration); Raknerud, Arvid (SSB) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates firm dynamics in the period before, during, and after an event consisting of a first published patent application. The analysis is based on patent data from the Norwegian Industrial Property Office merged with data from several business registers covering a period of almost 20 years. We apply an event study design and use matching to control for confounding factors. The first patent application by a young firm is associated with significant growth in employment, output, assets and public research funding. Moreover, our results indicate that economic activity starts to increase at least three years ahead of the first patent application. However, we find no evidence of additional firm growth after patent approval for successful applicants. Our findings indicate that the existence of a properly functioning patenting system supports innovation activities, especially early in the life cycle of firms. |
| Keywords: | Patenting; Firm performance; Panel data; Event study design |
| JEL: | C33 D22 O34 |
| Date: | 2022–08–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhheco:2022_011&r= |
| By: | Julia Levine; Stephan Seiler |
| Abstract: | We analyze structural state dependence in brand choice using variation from brand switching during stock-outs caused by hurricanes. We derive a simple test for structural state dependence based on the time-series of choice persistence for households affected by the stock-outs. Using data from the bottled water category, we show that demand increases substantially before hurricanes, causing households to purchase different brands. We find that purchase behavior reverts back to its pre-hurricane trajectory immediately after a hurricane and we are not able to reject the null hypothesis of no structural state dependence. By contrast, the common approach of estimating structural state dependence based on temporal price variation via a discrete choice model yields a positive effect using data for the same category. We argue that our approach is better suited to identify the causal impact of past choices because it requires fewer assumption and is based on more plausibly exogenous variation in brand switching due to stock-outs. |
| Keywords: | brand choice, brand loyalty, state dependence, preference heterogeneity |
| JEL: | C23 C51 L81 M31 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9889&r= |