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on Intellectual Property Rights |
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Issue of 2020‒05‒04
five papers chosen by Giovanni Ramello Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” |
| By: | Matthew S. Clancy; Paul Heisey; Yongjie Ji; GianCarlo Moschini |
| Abstract: | This chapter investigates the extent to which agricultural innovations draw on ideas originating outside of agriculture. We identify a large set of US patents for agricultural technologies granted between 1976 and 2018. To measure knowledge spillovers to these patents, we rely on three proxies: patent citations to other patents, patent citations to the scientific literature, and a novel text analysis to identify and track new ideas in the patent text. We find that more than half of knowledge flows originate outside of agriculture. The majority of these knowledge inflows, however, still originate in domains that are close to agriculture. |
| JEL: | O31 O34 Q16 |
| Date: | 2020–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:27011&r=all |
| By: | Tran, Trung Vinh; Vo Thi, Quynh Nga; Nguyen, Phuc Nguyen |
| Abstract: | The main purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationships between components of customer-based brand equity for a tourist destination. We have collected data from 252 South Korean tourists in Danang City and tested some hypotheses by applying structural equation modeling (SEM). Results show that: (1) destination brand awareness has a significant and positive effect on destination brand image, but not on destination perceived quality and destination brand loyalty; (2) destination brand image has positive and direct influences on destination perceived quality and destination brand loyalty; and (3) destination perceived quality has significant positive impacts on destination brand loyalty. Lastly, these findings have managerial implications for decision makers. |
| Keywords: | Customer-based brand equity; Destination; South Korean tourist; Danang. |
| JEL: | C0 C01 M31 |
| Date: | 2020–04–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:99807&r=all |
| By: | Daria Dzyabura (New Economic School, Moscow, Russia); Renana Peres (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel) |
| Abstract: | Understanding how consumers perceive brands is at the core of effective brand management. In this paper, we present the Brand Visual Elicitation Platform (B-VEP), an electronic tool we developed that allows consumers to create online collages of images that represent how they view a brand. Respondents select images for the collage from a searchable repository of tens of thousands of images. We implement an unsupervised machine-learning approach to analyze the collages and elicit the associations they describe. We demonstrate the platform’s operation by collecting large, unaided, directly elicited data for 303 large US brands from 1,851 respondents. Using machine learning and image-processing approaches to extract from these images systematic content associations, we obtain a rich set of associations for each brand. We combine the collage-making task with well-established brand-perception measures such as brand personality and brand equity, and suggest various applications for brand management. |
| Keywords: | Image processing, machine learning, branding, brand associations, brand collages, Latent Dirichlet Allocation |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:abo:neswpt:w0260&r=all |
| By: | Patricia Laurens (LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - ESIEE Paris - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique) |
| Abstract: | The Corporate Invention Board (CIB2) database is designed for the analysis of technological knowledge creation of the worldwide top corporate R&D performers, using patents as a proxy. It includes 3992 companies. It focuses on the ‘priority patents' applied by the parent companies and the subsidiaries they control. For patents, it relies on the patent data included in the RISIS Patent Database (RPD) . The list of companies was elaborated using several editions of the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard and the lists of WIPO top applicants. CIB2 also gives basic data on the companies (locations, sectors, size, financial data). |
| Keywords: | Innovation,Patent,R&D,Firms |
| Date: | 2020–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02518301&r=all |
| By: | Jiang, Jiaming; Goel, Rajeev K.; Zhang, Xingyuan |
| Abstract: | Whereas technical standards and Standard Setting Organizations (SSOs) are omnipresent and essential to mass production and mass communications, relatively little is formally known about the propensity of firms to belong to certain SSOs. This paper uses a social network analysis technique to empirically analyze the behavior of market participants and their propensities to belong to SSOs. We concentrate our study on standard setting organizations features and their intellectual property rights (IPR) policies such as licensing rules, disclosure requirements, as well as the features of the decision process of standards. Using data on more than 1060 member firms as participants in 28 SSOs, we are able to uniquely graph the membership of firms in SSOs by highlighting some important characteristics. Finally, a multinomial logit regression analysis studies the propensities of firms to belong to four SSOs and member firms' network communities. |
| Keywords: | standard setting organizations,network analysis,intellectual property rights policies,patents,market concentration |
| JEL: | L14 O3 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwkwp:2153&r=all |