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on Intellectual Property Rights |
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Issue of 2018‒12‒24
three papers chosen by Giovanni Ramello Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” |
| By: | Bustamante, Silke |
| Abstract: | Trust in companies and their executives seems to have declined in recent years (Edelman Trust Barometer, 2018; Reputation Institute, 2018; Tonkiss, 2009), with consequences for the credibility of the entire economic system. At the same time, there is some evidence, that social responsibility is considered important for the long-term success of companies by university students, who represent the future entrants to the job market (Elias, 2004). Those future entrants seem to be interested in companies' responsible behavior and sustainable governance. In line with demographic challenges and resulting staffing bottlenecks, companies are challenged to position themselves as attractive employers in the job-market. Against this background, the discussion about trust, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and the employer brand has gained traction. The objective of this paper is to conceptualize the relation between trust, CSR and the employer brand and to derive instruments for building trust via CSR and employer branding. Trust is understood as the "psychological state comprising the intention to accept vulnerability based upon positive expectations of the intentions or behavior of another" (Rousseau, Sitkin, Burt & Camerer, 1998). The paper describes elements and determining factors for trust and discusses the influence of CSR activities and the employer brand on employer choice and trust. Finally, instruments rooted in CSR and employer branding that enhance trust in companies are identified. |
| Keywords: | CSR,workplace CSR,trust,employer choice,employer branding |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:imbwps:96&r=ipr |
| By: | MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki |
| Abstract: | The linked dataset of AI research articles and patents reveals that substantial contributions by the public sector are found in AI development. In addition, the role of researchers who are involved both in publication and patent activities, particularly in the private sector, increased over time. That is, open science that is publicly available in research articles, and propriety technology that is protected by patents, are intertwined in AI development. In addition, the impact of AI, combined with big data and IoT, which are defined as "new" IT innovations, is discussed by comparing it with traditional IT, which only consists of the technological progress of computer hardware and software developments. Both new and traditional IT can be understood by using the framework of GPT (general purpose technology), while the organization of new IT innovation can be characterized as an emergence of multiple ecosystems, instead of being organized in the pattern of platform leadership, found in traditional IT. |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:polidp:18017&r=ipr |
| By: | Lahsen, Amina. A; Piper, Alan T. |
| Abstract: | A central argument for increased protections of property rights (PR) is the role they play in encouraging economic transactions, investment and economic growth. Likewise, the utilitarian justification of intellectual property laws is that such rights promote creative inventions and innovation, and thus can make a nation better off. A further argument is psychological: it has also been argued (though rarely tested) that enhanced rights contribute to increases in well-being enjoyed by a county’s citizens. Many Latin American countries have made efforts to improve property rights (and their enforcement) in the recent past, with varying success. Using three data sources (the Latinobarometer, the World Bank, and the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitive Index), this investigation considers the relationship between property rights and intellectual property protection, economic growth, and well-being. The results, which are heterogeneous with respect to labour force status, suggest that policy makers in Latin America should pursue improvements in property rights if they wish to improve citizen well-being while also promoting economic growth. |
| Keywords: | Property rights; Intellectual property protection; Economic Growth; Latin America; Life Satisfaction; Latinobarometer |
| JEL: | D23 I31 N36 O34 |
| Date: | 2018–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:90034&r=ipr |