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on Intellectual Property Rights |
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Issue of 2017‒06‒18
five papers chosen by Giovanni Ramello Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” |
| By: | Marchese, Carla; Marsiglio, Simone; Privileggi,Fabio; Ramello, Giovanni B. (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | We show that, even in a framework in which monopolistic exploitation of patents does not occur, patents still give rise to serious drawbacks. We build on Weitzman’s (1998) recombinant growth model which provides a stylized but clear description of the formation of knowledge externalities. In our framework a benevolent government buys immediately new patents in a competitive market and releases their contents for free. We show that inefficiencies nevertheless arise and welfare can be improved by correcting the market price through a tax-subsidy scheme. We characterize the (asymptotic) steady state equilibrium, and some properties of the transitional path. We show that if certain conditions are met, then the economy will converge to its (asymptotic) balanced growth path, and along such a path growth will be independent of the policy parameter; conversely, transition dynamics are affected by the choice of the policy parameter. We then quantitatively analyze the effect of different policy interventions on welfare, and show that stricter tax (weaker appropriability) regimes lead to higher social welfare. |
| Date: | 2017–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:dipeco:201720&r=ipr |
| By: | Ivan D. Breslavsky |
| Abstract: | In this paper, the agent-based modeling is employed to model the effect of intellectual property policy at the speed of technological advancement. Every agent has inborn preferences towards investing their capital into independent technological development, innovation appropriation, and production. The relative cost of appropriation compared to independent development is chosen as a measure of strictness of intellectual property protection. We vary this parameter and look at the performance of agents with different preferences and overall technological progress. In general, it is found that in the specific setting considered with stronger intellectual property protection leads to faster progress. |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1706.04518&r=ipr |
| By: | Cozzi, Guido; Galli, Silvia |
| Abstract: | Basic research is mainly performed publicly. Yet in the US public research findings were not patentable until 1980, and in other countries are not yet patentable. Patentability renders public research more directed, with less potential waste, but it also restricts private applied research. This paper shows, by means of a multi-stage Schumpeterian growth model, that in the long run the first effect is bound to dominate. |
| Keywords: | R&D and Growth; Sequential Innovation; Public R&D; Patent Laws; Bayh-Dole Act. |
| JEL: | H4 O3 |
| Date: | 2017–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:79622&r=ipr |
| By: | Samuele Centorrino; Frédérique Fève; Jean-Pierre Florens |
| Abstract: | We present a review on the implementation of regularization methods for the estimation of additive nonparametric regression models with instrumental variables. We consider various versions of Tikhonov, Landweber-Fridman and Sieve (Petrov-Galerkin) regularization. We review data-driven techniques for the sequential choice of the smoothing and the regularization parameters. Through Monte-Carlo simulations, we discuss the finite sample properties of each regularization method for different smoothness properties of the regression function. Finally, we present an application to the estimation of the Engel curve for food in a sample of rural households in Pakistan, where a partially linear specification is described that allows one to embed other exogenous covariates. |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nys:sunysb:17-06&r=ipr |
| By: | Keller, Kristopher (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Abstract: | This dissertation consists of three essays that study private labels’ evolution from private labels as brand class to individual private-label brands from three different perspectives. In the second chapter of this dissertation (essay 1), I study the antecedents and performance implications of retailer’s decisions whether to attach their name to a private-label tier or develop a stand-alone brand name. In the third chapter (essay 2), mirroring the contention that it “is easier to build equity in a single brand,” I study retailers’ occasional practice of rebranding private-label tiers from multiple, category-specific private labels to one umbrella brand across product categories and its effects on the brand’s strength, marketing effectiveness as well as the marketing-mix setting (marketing conduct). Finally, in the fourth chapter (essay 3), I document retailers’ increasing practice to launch more and more unique private label SKUs, historically a forte of national brands, and assess to what extent unique new private label SKUs help in growing a category vis-à-vis unique new national brand SKUs. |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:3d7242af-9542-420c-8cd5-d34a520b9a5f&r=ipr |