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on Intellectual Property Rights |
| By: | Yoichi Matsumoto (Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration (RIEB), Kobe University, Japan); Kiyonori Sakakibara; Masharu Tsujimoto |
| Abstract: | In this paper we discuss liquid crystal displays as an example of "complex goods," or products composed of multiple constituent elements, in order to elucidate the linkages between science and technology. Exploratory analysis of bibliographic information from patents reveals two primary characteristics of such linkages in the field. First, although technology may not display strong linkages with scientific findings over all, some scientific knowledge is highly valuable for patented inventions. Companies in this field may be able to leverage scientific findings not used by competitors in order to produce more inventions. Second, because complex goods are based on an array of constituent elements, players in the field have the option whether or not to pursue inventions with strong links to science. |
| Date: | 2013–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kob:dpaper:dp2013-11&r=ipr |
| By: | Roberto Fontana; Alessandro Nuvolari; Hiroshi Shimizu; Andrea Vezzulli |
| Abstract: | It is well known that not all innovations are patented, but the exact volume of innovative activities undertaken outside the coverage of patent protection and, relatedly, the actual propensity to patent an innovation in different contexts remain, to a major degree, a matter of speculation. This paper presents an exploratory study comparing systematically patented and unpatented innovations over the period 1977-2004 across industrial sectors. The main data source is the ‘R&D 100 Awards’ competition organized by the journal Research and Development. Since 1963, the magazine has been awarding this prize to the 100 most technologically significant new products available for sale or licensing in the year preceding the judgments. We match the products winners of the R&D 100 awards competition with USPTO patents and we examine the variation of patent propensity across different contexts (industries, geographical areas and organizations). Finally we compare our findings with previous assessments of patent propensity based on several sources of data. |
| Date: | 2013–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ise:isegwp:wp092013&r=ipr |
| By: | Tadanori Yosano (Graduate School of Business Administration, Kobe University) |
| Abstract: | This paper strives to explain why the Japanese Intellectual Asset-based Management (IAbM) report is more inclined for the SME-financial institution relationship with a detailed Japanese historical socioeconomic background. The Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) first focus on the listed company-market actor relationship, however, the overlap between the IC information demand and supply was smaller than expected. This paper explains why there was the mismatch for IC information, and also addresses why non-listed SME IC information for financial institutions has been effective in IC disclosures with the previously shown empirical evidence. This paper also addresses why non-listed SME IC information for financial institutions has created some movement in the IC field by capturing main actors, such as METI, Organization for Small & Medium Enterprises and Regional Innovation, Japan (OSMERI), and other key IAbM supporters. |
| Date: | 2012–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kbb:dpaper:2012-21&r=ipr |
| By: | David Grover |
| Abstract: | National governments are considering increasing spending on greenhouse gas mitigation R&D by billions of dollars per year at a time when many nations face severe fiscal austerity. This study investigates empirically whether it is realistic to expect market-based environmental policy instruments to stimulate a lot of environmental R&D spending on their own. The hypothesis developed is that increasingly market-based forms of environmental regulation might bring a conditional reduction in the level of environmental R&D spending, all else being equal; and that increasingly market-based approaches to climate mitigation policy may not necessarily induce the large amounts of environmental R&D spending that some corners of the induced innovation literature might predict. The hypothesis is tested using panel data on environmental R&D spending for 30 industry groups over 22 years. The evidence suggests the degree to which the prevailing policy regime embraced market forces may have diminished the R&D-motivating effect of the environmental regulatory burden. This implies that the quest to raise environmental R&D spending may be a good thing in its own right, and that the quest to incorporate market principles and institutions into environmental policy design may also be a good thing, but that market-based policies may undermine the incentives that firms have to invest in environmental R&D. |
| Date: | 2013–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lsg:lsgwps:wp98&r=ipr |