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on Intellectual Property Rights |
| By: | Chiara Binelli (University College London); Alessandro Maffioli (Inter-American Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | The paper investigates the relationship between government interventions to promote investments in innovation and firms-financed R&D. Merging a unique panel data set on Argentinean firms in the 1990s with a data base on different types of public support received through FONTAR program, we estimate a fixed effects model and find evidence of a significant positive impact of FONTAR on private R&D. The result is robust to the use of an IV estimator that controls for the potential bias induced by changes in the structure of the program. |
| Keywords: | Innovation; policy evaluation; panel data |
| JEL: | O32 O38 C23 |
| Date: | 2006–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:ovewps:1106&r=ipr |
| By: | Chiao, Benjamin; Lerner, Josh; Tirole, Jean |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically explores standard-setting organizations’ policy choices. Consistent with Lerner-Tirole (2006), we find (a) a negative relationship between the extent to which an SSO is oriented to technology sponsors and the concession level required of sponsors and (b) a positive correlation between the sponsor-friendliness of the selected SSO and the quality of the standard. We also develop and test two extensions of the earlier model: the presence of provisions mandating royalty-free licensing is negatively associated with disclosure requirements, and the relationship between concessions and user friendliness is weaker when there is only a limited number of SSOs. |
| Keywords: | forum shopping; innovation; licensing; standardization |
| JEL: | L2 O3 |
| Date: | 2007–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:6141&r=ipr |
| By: | Katharina Frosch (Rostock Centre for the Study of Demographic Change, Germany); Thusnelda Tivig (University of Rostock and Rostock Centre for the Study of Demographic Change, Germany) |
| Abstract: | An aging labor force is often associated with a decreasing innovative performance on aggregate, firm or individual level. Using a regional knowledge production function to explain patenting activity in German districts, we propose to include the effect of age in a twofold specification: First, we account indirectly for age by including the aggregate, age-heterogeneous human capital available in each district and estimating its effect on patenting performance. Second, we assume that there is an age effect that is independent of human capital and therefore include the age structure of the districts' labor force directly, too. Possible explanations for an independent age-effect are age-dependent differences in the ability to exploit innovation-relevant human capital or age-specific motivation to lead creative ideas to successful inventions. Departing from these conceptualizations provided by economics and I-O psychology, we estimate a negative binomial regression model appropriate for count data. Results on German district level indicate that engineering knowledge in the younger as well as the prime age group significantly enhances patenting performance, whereas we do not find any efect for the age group 50+. However, for older ages, the stock of experience has a positive influence. On aggregate level, we find a positive independent age effect. |
| Keywords: | knowledge production function, regional innovation analysis, human capital, aging, demographic change, patents |
| JEL: | O31 J24 |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ros:wpaper:71&r=ipr |