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on Investment |
| By: | Mark Borgschulte; Heepyung Cho; Darren Lubotsky |
| Abstract: | We examine the differential effects of minimum wages on immigrant and native workers in the United States. We find that minimum wage increases lead to reduced hours of work among immigrants with no effect on their employment. The effects are concentrated among recently-arrived, likely-undocumented workers in high turnover industries. Native workers show no such response, even when examining native subgroups with similar characteristics to the most affected immigrants. We conclude that affected immigrant labor markets feature low-surplus, low-investment employment relationships with flexible hours, but they are embedded in labor markets where replacement is unusually costly. |
| Keywords: | Immigrants, minimum wage, employment, hours of work, labor hoarding |
| JEL: | J08 J15 J38 J42 J61 |
| Date: | 2026–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:26103 |
| By: | Jim Albrecht; Per-Anders Edin; Raquel Fernandez; Jiwon Lee; Peter Skogman Thoursie; Susan Vroman |
| Abstract: | In 2002, Sweden reformed its parental leave system by adding a second "daddy month, " i.e., a second month of pay-related parental leave reserved exclusively for each parent. In addition to giving fathers an economic incentive to take more leave, this change had an effect on cultural norms. We develop and estimate a model of the household in which preferences towards leave depend on the behavior of one's peers and use it to quantify the magnitudes of the economic-incentive effects as well as the evolving norms. We find that endogenously evolving cultural norms play a major role. We use our model to evaluate the effects of several potential policy changes including decreasing the cost of child care and giving each parent a substantially larger non-transferable endowment of parental leave and conclude that only the latter would have a significant effect on the share of parental leave taken by men. |
| Keywords: | Parental Leave, Gender Equality, Childcare, Culture |
| JEL: | D10 J16 Z10 Z18 |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:26038 |
| By: | Juan Manuel Campana; Eckhard Hein |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the drivers of economic growth by focusing on macroeconomic policy regimes (MPRs) as a key dimension of demand and growth regime (DGR) and growth model (GM) analysis. Building on Campana and Hein’s (2026) results on demand-led growth decomposition based on the national income and financial accounting (NIFA) and the Sraffian supermultiplier (SSM) approaches for seven economies—Germany, Spain, Argentina, Brazil, India, South Africa, and Turkey—across the periods 2000–2007 and 2011–2019, this paper applies the MPR approach to understand the differences in DGRs and their respective changes. The paper thus contributes to post-Keynesian and comparative political economy literature. The analysis shows that the configuration and coordination of monetary, wage, fiscal, and external policies play a central role in shaping dominant sources of autonomous demand and explaining regime shifts over time. While some countries, such as Germany and India, display stability in their MPRs, DGRs, and dominant autonomous demand components, others—Spain, Brazil, South Africa, and Turkey—have undergone significant transformations driven by policy changes and external conditions. Overall, the findings highlight the explanatory power of MPR analysis in understanding growth trajectories and provide foundations for the examination of the political economy dimension of these trajectories. |
| Keywords: | macroeconomic policy regimes, growth decomposition, post-Keynesian macroeconomics, growth drivers, growth models, demand and growth regimes |
| JEL: | E11 E12 E60 F43 O57 |
| Date: | 2026–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp2611 |
| By: | Takahiro Akita (IUJ Research Institute, International University of Japan) |
| Abstract: | This study measures gender disparity in educational attainment using the relative mean deviation from 1950 to 2015, based on the Barro-Lee dataset. The relative mean deviation is proposed as an alternative to the between-gender education Gini derived from the decomposition of the education Gini by gender. Through a dynamic panel data analysis, the study demonstrates that gender disparity, as measured by the relative mean deviation, follows a U-shaped relationship with mean years of education. Gender disparity initially declines as education expands, but after reaching a minimum at an estimated mean years of education of 8.7, it begins to increase. |
| Keywords: | gender disparity in educational attainment, relative mean deviation, world |
| JEL: | I24 I25 O15 |
| Date: | 2026–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iuj:wpaper:ems_2026_03 |
| By: | Muñoz, Ercio; Saavedra, Melanie; Sansone, Dario |
| Abstract: | This paper studies socioeconomic disparities in Mexico based on sexual orientation and gender identity using data from a nationally representative survey collected between 2021 and 2022 (N44, 189). It finds pronounced levels of self-reported discrimination and rejection among LGBTQ individuals throughout their lives. It also estimates that these groups rates of labor force participation and unemployment diverge from those of their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. Additionally, a heterogeneity analysis provides novel insights into nuanced disparities within LGBTQ groups. |
| Keywords: | LGBTQ+;Labor force participation;Unemployment |
| JEL: | J15 J16 J71 O15 |
| Date: | 2026–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:brikps:14555 |
| By: | Hae-young Hong; Jisoo Hwang; Jongwon Kim; Jungmin Lee |
| Abstract: | This paper provides the first causal evidence on how developmental health screenings for young children affect parental behavior, leveraging a quasi-experimental change in South Korea's National Health Screening Program. Using a difference-in-discontinuities design and administrative data covering 1.3 million screening records, we find that "high-risk" screening results influence a wide range of parental behaviors, with responses varying significantly by household income. Among lower-income families, adverse results lead to greater use of publicly insured medical care, increased disability registration, and delays in subsequent childbirth. In contrast, higher-income families reduce maternal labor supply and are more likely to relocate, suggesting costly private adjustments to secure additional caregiving time and access to private developmental rehabilitation facilities. These findings highlight how household resources shape both the capacity and nature of parental responses to early health information. |
| Keywords: | developmental disorder, health screening |
| JEL: | I18 I14 D13 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:2572 |
| By: | Choudhary, Shamsher; Ali, Amjad; Audi, Marc |
| Abstract: | The present expansion of green finance demonstrates how crucial post-issuance reporting becomes when issuers must reveal their use of funds, their environmental effects, and their ability to disclose information about green funding instruments. The study tests two hypotheses, which state that Internal Controls and Reporting Systems improve the accuracy of Post-Issuance Green Finance Disclosures while Corporate Governance Quality functions as a moderation element. The study employed an issuer-level panel-data design, which utilized total disclosure documentation that the public domain provides. For empirical analysis, we have used four methods, which included correlation analysis, linear regression, moderation analysis, and diagnostic testing. The study found that Internal Controls and Reporting Systems positively influenced green finance post-issuance disclosure credibility, which means that organizations with advanced internal reporting systems tend to produce trustworthy disclosure information. The research shows that Corporate Governance Quality acts as a moderator because it affects how Internal Controls and Reporting Systems relate to Credible Post-Issuance Green Finance Disclosures, which demonstrates that the governance environment impacts disclosure credibility. The research investigates how internal organizational factors determine the quality of disclosure instead of assessing how external market performance influences these factors. The study shows that internal control systems and governance environment play significant roles in determining disclosure credibility, together with external review, market positioning, and issuer labeling. The paper presents recommendations to issuers, regulators, and investors that explain how enhanced reporting systems, together with governance mechanisms, will achieve better transparency and accountability in green finance markets. |
| Keywords: | green finance, post-issuance disclosure, internal controls, corporate governance, disclosure credibility, panel data |
| JEL: | G20 Q50 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:128864 |
| By: | Ron Fisher (Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research); Ou Yang (Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research); Susan Méndez (Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research); Crystal McPhee (Deakin University); Hannah Lack (Eastern Melbourne Primary Health Network) |
| Abstract: | People with complex and chronic conditions require multidisciplinary care but often experience fragmented care and higher levels of avoidable hospitalisations. In this paper, we evaluate Right Care, Better Health (RCBH) – a program that embeds community-health nurse care coordinators within general practices to deliver tailored self-management support, shared care planning, case conferencing, and referral navigation for adults with cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, or considered frail and/or at high risk of falls. Using linked general practice electronic health records, we implement an event-study difference-in-differences design to investigate how RCBH enrolment impacts patient health service utilization, using not yet enrolled patients as controls. We find that RCBH enrolment leads to a 42% increase in general practitioner (GP) visits, a 78% increase in multidisciplinary chronic disease services, a 15% increase in the number of medicines prescribed, and 69% more referrals in the quarter of RCBH enrolment. With the exception of referrals, service utilisation declines thereafter, reverting toward original levels within one to two years after enrolment. Effects were generally more pronounced for people living in more socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. These results suggest that practice-embedded, nurse-led care coordination can increase access to team-based primary and secondary care in the short term; however, analyses with longer follow-up and appraisal of downstream welfare implications are needed. |
| Keywords: | Health, Nursing, Difference-in-Difference |
| JEL: | I14 I18 I12 C23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iae:iaewps:wp2025n20 |
| By: | Bowden, Roger; Lorimer, Dawn |
| Abstract: | June 2007 saw the first serious attempt by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to exercise its currency intervention powers, in an attempt to put a cap on the soaring NZ dollar. Sceptics pointed out that this was inconsistent with the comfort to the foreign exchange carry trade conveyed by signals that the official cash rate would remain high or even tightened further, and intervention attempts could even perversely drive the currency higher. The problem for monetary policy has been that in an incomplete debt market, the only real channel for the official cash rate to impact on fixed rate home mortgage rates is via the indirect feedback from offshore NZ interest rates. This means that the exchange rate becomes the vector. We argue on the basis of forward interest rates that the problem is fixing itself, and from here on will only be hindered by currency intervention or further tightening signals from the central bank. |
| Keywords: | Carry trade, Exchange Rate Intervention, NZ dollar, Uridashis, Official Cash Rate, Term structure, |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vuw:vuwecf:33474 |
| By: | Marchesi, Silvia (Department of Economics at the University of Milano Bicocca, Italy); Ponzo, Michela (Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Calabria, Italy); Scoppa, Vincenzo (University of Calabria); Spano, Idola Francesca (Department of Economics, Statistics and Finance "Giovanni Anania", University of Calabria) |
| Abstract: | The "Matthew effect" refers to a "rich-get-richer" mechanism whereby early success shapes subsequent achievement. We examine whether this mechanism operates in literary careers by analyzing whether early commercial or critical success leads to cumulative advantages in authors' subsequent works. Using weekly bestseller data for Italian fiction spanning 1975-2025 and exploiting a panel structure at the author-book level, we estimate both baseline OLS models and an Event Study Design. We consider multiple definitions of success, including winning a major literary prize and sustained presence on bestseller lists. Our findings show that prize-based success has virtually no effect on the performance of subsequent books, whereas sustained bestseller success is associated with a small but positive effect on future success. This divergence is likely driven by the fact that literary prizes often induce readers to consume books that fall outside their usual preferences. Our results are robust across alternative specifications, and the positive effect of bestseller success is stronger for younger authors, for women and for books published in more recent decades. |
| Keywords: | Matthew effect, literary careers, consumer decisions, event study design, cultural economics |
| JEL: | L82 Z11 J24 D12 M30 C23 |
| Date: | 2026–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18563 |
| By: | Pablo Guerron-Quintana (Boston College; Boston College) |
| Abstract: | This paper proposes a novel equilibrium concept in which agents are fully rational in preferences and constraints but computationally bounded, with decision rules parameterized and improved via stochastic gradient methods applied to simulated expected utility. In a standard RBC model with GHH preferences, we define a Stochastic Gradient Descent equilibrium as a fixed point (in expectation) of the stochastic-gradient update rule together with market clearing and firm optimality. The fixed-point condition requires that the expected gradient of the household’s truncated utility function vanishes at the equilibrium decision rules, so that the agent has no incentive, on average, to revise her policy further. We establish conditions under which the SGD equilibrium converges to the rational expectations solution in the sequential limit as the planning horizon and training intensity increase without bound. Away from this limit, tighter computational budgets generate systematic, state-dependent deviations summarized by an intratemporal labor wedge and an intertemporal capital wedge, whereas large horizon planning and extensive training deliver policies close to the rational expectations benchmark. These wedges are endogenous and time-varying, providing a structural bridge to the business-cycle accounting framework of Chari et al. (2007) without introducing non-productivity shocks or real frictions. |
| Keywords: | bounded rationality, optimization, stochastic gradient descent |
| JEL: | C6 E3 E7 |
| Date: | 2026–03–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boc:bocoec:1110 |
| By: | Julien Grenet; Hans Grönqvist; Edvin Hertegård; Martin Nybom; Jan Stuhler |
| Abstract: | We study how students adjust their early career choices in response to economic crises and how these decisions affect their long-run labor market outcomes. Focusing on Sweden's deep recession in the early 1990s-which hit the manufacturing and construction sectors hardest-we first show that students whose fathers lost jobs in these sectors were more likely to choose career paths tied to less-affected industries. These students later experienced better labor market outcomes, including higher employment and earnings. Our findings suggest that informational frictions are a key obstacle to structural change and identify career choice as an important channel through which recessions reshape labor markets in the long run. |
| Keywords: | High School Major; Recession; Information Frictions; Structural Change |
| JEL: | I25 J24 J63 E32 |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:25149 |
| By: | Matthias Fahn; Jin Li; Chang Sun |
| Abstract: | We study how AI affects compensation and job design when performance depends on workers' non-contractible effort. In a principal–agent model with limited liability, AI reduces effort costs but disproportionately lowers the cost of achieving satisfactory performance. This raises the incentive cost of sustaining high effort and can induce firms to replace high-wage, high-effort good jobs with low-wage, low-effort bad jobs, even when good jobs create more total surplus. As a result, AI can lower wages, reduce worker welfare, and even depress profits. If workers can adopt AI unilaterally, adoption occurs even when the resulting equilibrium harms both parties; when adoption requires worker cooperation, resistance is strongest where AI erodes rents embodied in good jobs. In a search-and-matching extension, endogenous outside options amplify these forces, reinforcing a bad-job economy and potentially reducing employment. |
| Keywords: | artificial intelligence, agency costs, job design, labor contracts, limited liability, incentives, search and matching |
| JEL: | D86 J41 O33 L23 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12612 |
| By: | Alexander Meléndez (Banco Central de Reserva del Perú) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the influence of monetary policy and the zero lower bound (ZLB) on government consumption and investment multipliers in Peru from 1996Q1 to 2023Q3. Using a hybrid Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregression with Stochastic Volatility (TVP-VAR-SV), the study estimates impulse response functions, fiscal multipliers, forecast error variance decompositions, and historical decompositions for each quarter of the sample. The results indicate that a tighter monetary policy stance is associated with lower estimated government consumption and investment multipliers, consistent with standard monetary-fiscal interaction mechanisms documented in the literature. Moreover, following the adoption of an explicit policy rate framework, estimated fiscal multipliers exhibit greater sensitivity to interest rate conditions. In this context, the COVID-19 period provides a natural episode of historically low policy rates, approximating a ZLB-type environment from an analytical perspective, under which estimated government investment multipliers increase significantly, in line with the international literature. These findings contribute to the literature on monetary–fiscal policy interactions in emerging market economies operating under inflation targeting and a managed floating exchange rate regime. |
| Keywords: | fiscal multipliers, monetary policy, zero lower bound, emerging country |
| Date: | 2026–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rbp:wpaper:dt-2026-016 |
| By: | Christopher Hoy (Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne); Lionel Page (University of Queensland); Catherine Eckel (Texas A&M University); Philip Grossman (Monash University) |
| Abstract: | Using nationally representative, randomized survey experiments, we investigate how beliefs about wage inequality impact preferences for redistribution. With more than 9, 000 respondents in six high-income countries and a novel distribution builder tool, we elicit detailed beliefs about wage inequality and examine the impact of accurate information on support for redistribution. We find most respondents underestimate wage inequality and that information treatments have minimal effects, except for re spondents on the far-right, who exhibit large increases in support for higher income taxes and social spending. Our findings suggest that far-right voters’ attitudes toward redistribution may be more malleable than is often assumed. |
| Keywords: | Political Economy, Public Finance, Inequality, Randomized Experiment |
| JEL: | D04 D80 D90 H20 H30 H50 |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iae:iaewps:wp2025n08 |
| By: | Alexander Bertermann; Wolfgang Dauth; Jens Suedekum; Ludger Woessmann |
| Abstract: | How do firms and workers adjust to trade and technology shocks? We analyze two mechanisms that have received little attention: training that upgrades skills and early retirement that shifts adjustment costs to public pension systems. We combine novel data on training participation and early retirement in German local labor markets with established measures of exposure to trade competition and robot adoption. Results indicate that negative trade shocks reduce training-particularly in manufacturing-while robot exposure increases training-particularly in indirectly affected services. Both shocks raise early retirement among manufacturing workers. Structural change thus induces both productivity-enhancing and productivity-reducing responses, challenging simple narratives of labor market adaptation and highlighting the scope for policy to promote adjustment mechanisms conducive to aggregate productivity. |
| Keywords: | training, retirement, trade, technological change, automation, robots, firms, workers, labor market |
| JEL: | J24 J26 O33 F16 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:25139 |
| By: | Anders Humlum; Emilie Vestergaard |
| Abstract: | We study the early labor market impacts of AI chatbots by linking large-scale adoption surveys to administrative labor market records in Denmark. We document rapid currents: most employers in exposed occupations have adopted chatbot initiatives, workers report productivity benefits, and new AI-related tasks are widespread. Yet these currents have not broken the surface: using difference-in-differences, we estimate precise null effects on earnings and recorded hours at both the worker and workplace levels, ruling out effects larger than 2% two years after the launch of ChatGPT. What moves is the structure of work: employers absorb AI through task reorganization-including new tasks in content generation, AI oversight, and AI integration-and adopters transition into higher-paying occupations where AI chatbots are more relevant, though still too few to move average earnings. Technological change reshapes work well before it surfaces in earnings or hours. |
| Keywords: | Generative AI; Labor Markets |
| JEL: | J23 J24 J31 O33 |
| Date: | 2026–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:26078 |
| By: | Brigitte Daudet (Métis Lab EM Normandie - EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie = EM Normandie Business School); Yann Alix; Arnaud Serry (IDEES - Identité et Différenciation de l’Espace, de l’Environnement et des Sociétés - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université); Lilian Loubet (IDEES - Identité et Différenciation de l’Espace, de l’Environnement et des Sociétés - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - ULH - Université Le Havre Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - IRIHS - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Homme et Société - UNIROUEN - Université de Rouen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université) |
| Abstract: | This research analyses port governance by examining the extent to which the concept of compromise can shape a renewed and operational approach to governance that serves port stakeholders and decision-makers. Based on a qualitative study comprising twenty-five semi-structured interviews with stakeholders at the Port of Le Havre (France) and the Port of Abidjan (Ivory Coast), the study proposes an operationalisation approach structured around compromise as a tool for regulation, coordination and legitimisation. By drawing jointly on Social Regulation Theory and Pragmatic Sociology, this research highlights two contrasting logics of compromise – institutional and procedural at the Port of Le Havre, relational and pragmatic at the Port of Abidjan – whilst emphasising their shared contribution to the stabilisation of port governance. |
| Abstract: | Cette recherche analyse la gouvernance portuaire en examinant dans quelle mesure le concept de compromis peut façonner une pratique renouvelée et opérationnelle de la gouvernance au service des acteurs et décideurs portuaires. À partir d'une enquête qualitative fondée sur vingt-cinq entretiens semi-directifs menés auprès des parties prenantes du port du Havre (France) et du port d'Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire), l'étude propose une démarche d'opérationnalisation structurée autour du compromis comme outil de régulation, de coordination et de légitimation. En mobilisant conjointement la Théorie de la Régulation Sociale et la Sociologie Pragmatique, cette recherche met en évidence deux logiques contrastées de compromisinstitutionnelle et procédurale au port du Havre, relationnelle et pragmatique au port d'Abidjan -tout en soulignant leur contribution commune à la stabilisation de la gouvernance portuaire. |
| Keywords: | Governance, Management, Prospective, Compromise, Port, Gestion, Compromis, Gouvernance |
| Date: | 2026–04–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05593789 |
| By: | Mishra, Shruti; Goli, Srinivas; Rammohan, Anu |
| Abstract: | Health inequalities between socioeconomic groups tend to narrow at older ages, in studies using conventional cross-sectional data. This apparent convergence, however, is largely an artifact of mortality selection bias: the systematic dropout of the most disadvantaged individuals from the population before they reach old age. Our study quantifies the extent of this bias in India and provides corrected estimates of age-specific health inequality using pooled data from three rounds of the National Sample Survey, comprising 1, 278, 372 individuals and 6, 630 deaths. We document the wealth-mortality gradient using survival analysis and concentration indices, and apply Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW) to adjust health outcomes for differential survival, creating a counterfactual population that accounts for selection on observed characteristics. Finally, we implement Deaton-Paxson age-period-cohort (APC) models with and without selection adjustment. Our analysis finds evidence of a wealth gradient in mortality among working-age adults (Hazard Ratio (HR) for rich vs. poor: 0.576, p 0.10). Unadjusted age-health profiles flatten at older ages. However, after IPW correction, every age coefficient increases relative to unadjusted estimates, indicating systematic underestimation of poor health at all ages. Mortality selection bias significantly underestimates the true extent of poor health among lower SES groups in India, masking up to 83% of the health burden among young adults. Correcting this bias provides a more accurate picture of population health with direct implications for resource allocation and targeting interventions toward vulnerable populations. |
| Keywords: | Mortality Selection, Health Inequality, Inverse Probability Weighting, Age-Period-Cohort Analysis, Economics and Human Biology, India |
| JEL: | I14 I15 J11 C23 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:340190 |
| By: | Xin Liu; Xin Meng; Guangqian Pan; Guochang Zhao |
| Abstract: | This paper evaluates the unintended consequences of China's 2021 "Double Reduction" policy, which aimed to ease students' academic burden by limiting homework and private tutoring. Using a tailored household survey, a constructed policy enforcement index, and a difference-in-differences design, we find that the policy increased private tutoring enrollment, household tutoring expenditures, and parental time spent on helping children with schoolwork. These effects disproportionately harmed low-income families, resulting in worse academic outcomes. Our findings suggest that the policy's effects run counter to its intended goals and may exacerbate educational inequality. |
| Keywords: | Education Policy, Private Tutoring, Academic Outcome, Intergenerational Inequality, Parent Outcome |
| JEL: | I21 I24 J22 J24 D04 D13 |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:26034 |
| By: | Christopher J. Waller |
| Date: | 2026–04–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgsq:103076 |
| By: | Sonia Bhalotra; N. Meltem Daysal; Louis Fréget; Jonas Hirani; Priyama Majumdar; Mircea Trandafir; Miriam Wüst; Tom Zohar |
| Abstract: | Using Danish administrative data linked to two independent, validated postpartum depression screenings, we study how postpartum mental health shocks shape women's labor market trajectories. Event-study estimates show no pre-birth differences in trends between depressed and non-depressed mothers, but persistent employment gaps that widen immediately after birth. Health-care utilization patterns indicate that these differences reflect acute mental health shocks rather than pre-existing trends. The penalties are concentrated among less educated mothers and those in less family-friendly jobs. Our results highlight postpartum depression as a meaningful and unequal contributor to the motherhood penalty. |
| Keywords: | Postpartum depression, motherhood penalty, labor market inequality |
| JEL: | I12 J13 J16 |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:26015 |