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on Innovation |
| By: | Orsatti, Gianluca; Perruchas, François; Consoli, Davide; Quatraro, Francesco (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | The present paper investigates whether and through which channels green public procurement (GPP) stimulates local environmental innovation capacity. To this end, we use detailed data sources on green patents and procurement expenditure at the level of US Commuting Zones for the period 2000-2011. We also check for the moderating effects of local labor market composition in the relation between green public procurement and green innovation capacity. Lastly, we exploit the richness of patent information to test for differential effects of green public procurement on different classes of green technologies. The main finding is that GPP is an important driver in explaining the growth of local green-tech stock. The positive effect of GPP is mainly driven by expenditures for procured green services and is magnified by the local presence of high shares of abstract- intensive occupations. When separately considering diverse kinds of green technologies, we do find evidence of a more pronounced effect of GPP on the growth of local knowledge stocks of mitigation technologies. |
| Date: | 2018–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:dipeco:201807&r=ino |
| By: | Reinhilde Veugelers |
| Abstract: | Technological progress, such as robotics and artificial intelligence, is often blamed for the loss of jobs and rising income inequality. It is also linked to increasing inequality in the corporate landscape as superstar firms forge ahead in winner-takes-most markets. Our analysis shows that in most sectors there is a high degree of concentration among a few top companies in research and development spending. R&D spending is much more concentrated than sales and employment. In 2015, for example, the top 10 percent biggest spenders on R&D, accounted for 71 percent of the R&D spending of the 2500 companies that spend most on R&D. This concentration is most obvious in the high-tech biopharma and digital sectors, though it is also true for other sectors, such as the vehicles sector. US companies are overrepresented among these R&D superstars, especially in digital sectors where they take up half of the top slots. Over the last decade, there has been little evidence for increasing concentration in the global R&D landscape. On the contrary, a slight decline is discernible. Slight increasing concentration can only be detected in digital sectors, with in particular the top 1 percent of R&D spending firms in these sectors forging ahead. Although the overall concentration of R&D spending among a few leading firms might not be changing much over time, R&D leaders are slowly losing their positions to new R&D-leading firms. Digital Services is the most turbulent high-tech sector. The US and China are more likely to produce new R&D leaders that take over some of the top positions from incumbent R&D leaders. This poses difficult questions for Europe, which is at risk of losing out in terms of R&D leadership in more technologically advanced sectors. |
| Date: | 2018–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bre:polcon:25100&r=ino |
| By: | Barge-Gil, Andres; D'Este, Pablo; Herrera, Liliana |
| Abstract: | Exploration-oriented research strategies represent a critical factor for firms’ innovation performance and long term survival since they influence the capacity of these organizations to develop breakthrough innovations and move up the quality ladder of product development. However, setting in motion and sustaining exploratory research strategies are not straightforward. In this study, we contend that the availability of corporate scientists (i.e. personnel with PhD qualifications in R&D units) is a triggering factor for two critical transitions in firms’ R&D strategies: i) initiation of exploration-oriented research activities (exploration-enacting strategy); and ii) increased commitment to exploration-oriented research activities (exploration-deepening strategy). We conduct our analysis on a large sample of Spanish manufacturing firms. We address endogeneity concerns by using the exogenous supply of PhD graduates as an instrumental variable. Our results show that firms recruiting doctoral graduates (PhDs) to their R&D units increase the likelihood of initiating and strengthening exploration-oriented research strategies. The implications of these findings for innovation management and policy are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Scientists, exploration research, R&D strategies, PhDs, instrumental variables. |
| JEL: | M54 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:85415&r=ino |
| By: | Jason Li-Ying (DTU - Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby]); Caroline Mothe (IREGE - Institut de Recherche en Gestion et en Economie - USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc); Uyen Nguyen-Thi (LISER - Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research - Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research) |
| Abstract: | Environmental innovation research has not yet clarified how different forms of inbound innovation might exert effects. The current article proposes four driver-based EI types according to two main dimensions: compliance versus voluntary and own value capture versus customer value capture. With a problem-solving perspective, we develop links from different forms of inbound innovation to various types of EI and test the related hypotheses with two waves of the French Community Innovation Survey. On a short-term basis, R&D cooperation and technology acquisition correlate positively with all four types of EI, but over time, persistent R&D cooperation and technology acquisition are associated with EI only at the production stage, according to voluntary/strategic or compliance drivers. Inbound innovation enables quick responses to market demands for EI in the final use stage. |
| Keywords: | Environmental innovation,Inbound open innovation,R&D acquisition,R&D cooperation,Technology sourcing,Value creation and capture |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01695525&r=ino |
| By: | Lionel Nesta (Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Gredeg, OFCE SciencesPo and SKEMA Business School); Elena Verdolini (FEEM and CMCC); Francesco Vona (OFCE SciencesPo, SKEMA Business School and Université Côte d'Azur (GREDEG)) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the effect of environmental policies on the direction of energy innovation across countries over the period 1990-2012. Our novelty is to use threshold regression models to allow for discontinuities in policy effectiveness depending on a country's relative competencies in renewable and fossil fuel technologies. We show that the dynamic incentives of environmental policies become effective just above the median level of relative competencies. In this critical second regime, market-based policies are moderately effective in promoting renewable innovation, while command-and-control policies depress fossil based innovation. Finally, market-based policies are more effective to consolidate a green comparative advantage in the last regime. We illustrate how our approach can be used for policy design in laggard countries. |
| Keywords: | Directed Technical Change, Threshold Models, Environmental Policies, Policy Mix |
| JEL: | Q58 Q55 Q42 Q48 O34 |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fem:femwpa:2018.04&r=ino |
| By: | Jean-Charles Cadiou (LS2N - Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes - ECN - École Centrale de Nantes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - IMT Atlantique - IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire); Emmanuel Chené (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - UN - Université de Nantes) |
| Abstract: | Since about twenty years, the theme of the innovation marks the public's policies of the European Union. In this context, on one hand, universities are incited to value the result of their research; on other hand, SMEs are encouraged to strengthen their capacity to innovate. The common sense might suggest just that these two types of organizations just have to work together remove a mutual benefit from it. Unfortunately, relationships between academic and socioeconomic world are struggling to establish themselves and remain largely focused on large companies. Studies led on collaborations universities-SMEs or on technology transfer from University towards SMEs draw up balance sheets more than very reserved. This state of fact continues in spite of the various structures of intermediation set up by the public authorities since more than a dozen years. It is therefore urgent to consider new forms of organization. In this context, this article presents an original structuring of the valuation of the research in of a university in order to answer the question. |
| Keywords: | Open innovation,Organizational change,University and SMEs |
| Date: | 2017–04–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01698077&r=ino |
| By: | Chang-Tai Hsieh; Peter J. Klenow |
| Abstract: | There is a widely held view that much of growth in the U.S. can be attributed to reallocation from low to high productivity firms, including from exiting firms to entrants. Declining dynamism — falling rates of reallocation and entry/exit in the U.S. — have therefore been tied to the lackluster growth since 2005. We challenge this view. Gaps in the return to resources do not appear to have narrowed, suggesting that allocative efficiency has not improved in the U.S. in recent decades. Reallocation can also matter if it is a byproduct of innovation. However, we present evidence that most innovation comes from existing firms improving their own products rather than from entrants or fast-growing firms displacing incumbent firms. Length: 26 pages |
| Date: | 2018–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cen:wpaper:18-19&r=ino |
| By: | Hasumi, Ryo; Iiboshi, Hirokuni; Nakamura, Daisuke |
| Abstract: | We consider how and the extent to which a pure technology shock driven by R&D activities impacts on business cycles as well as economic growth, using a medium-scale neo-classical dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model following Comin and Gertler (2006). We try to identify a pure technology shock by adopting "intellectual property product" first entered in 2008 SNA which can be regarded as R&D activity, and by assuming "time to build" by Kydland and Prescott (1982) in the process converting from innovations to products. Our empirical result based on a Bayesian analysis reports a common stochastic trend driven by the pure technology shock is likely to be procyclical, and it accounts for nearly half of variation of the real GDP whose remaining is explained by business cycle components. Meanwhile, a TFP shock, substituting for the R&D shocks, seems to move the common trend independently with business cycle. |
| Keywords: | R&D shock, technology shock, dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model, common stochastic trend, endogenous growth model |
| JEL: | C32 E32 O47 |
| Date: | 2017–08–24 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:85525&r=ino |
| By: | Faïz Gallouj (CLERSE - Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques - UMR 8019 - Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies - ULCO - Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Faridah Djellal (CLERSE - Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques - UMR 8019 - Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies - ULCO - Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Innovation is a condition for the survival of businesses, companies, territories and nations. This entry builds on the concept of "open innovation" to review a number of key aspects of the innovation issue. This metaphor is used to try to report on the major contemporary openings made by experts in "innovation studies", and in so doing, a number of important concepts in this field are reviewed. The openings in question concern not only the modalities of organization and implementation of innovation as implied by the concept of open innovation but also the content and forms of innovation as well as the sectors that engage in these activities. |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01710988&r=ino |
| By: | Andrew Smyth (Department of Economics, Marquette University and Economic Science Institute, Chapman University) |
| Abstract: | Price conspiracies appear endemic in many markets. This paper conjectures that low expected returns from product innovation can affect price collusion in certain markets. This conjecture is tested—and supported—by both archival and experimental data. In particular, average market prices in low innovation experiments are significantly greater than those in high innovation, but otherwise identical experiments, because price collusion is more successful in the low innovation experiments. |
| Keywords: | price collusion, product innovation, antitrust, experimental economics |
| JEL: | L41 L10 O33 C92 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:chu:wpaper:17-26&r=ino |
| By: | Wiljan van den Berge (CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis); Jonneke Bolhaar (CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis); Roel van Elk (CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis) |
| Abstract: | We study knowledge spillovers from European universities and other research organizations using data from patent citations at the EPO. Using matching techniques to construct a sample of control patents, we show that the probability to cite a university patent declines with distance. In particular, we fi nd a sharp cut-o ff at around 25 kilometers. For longer distances the probability to cite a university patent is more or less constant. For other research organizations we find no evidence that distance plays a role. Country borders are shown to play an important role in restricting the diff usion of patents of both universities and other research organizations. These results are in line with recent literature for the U.S. and suggest that knowledge spillovers and tacit knowledge are important when using knowledge embodied in university patents. |
| JEL: | O33 O34 I23 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpb:discus:348&r=ino |
| By: | Michaël Meijer; Gert-Joost Peek |
| Abstract: | Our paper will focus on the role of iconic occupiers in development of the Rotterdam Innovation District. This area combines two distinct port areas, RDM Campus and Merwe-Vierhavens (M4H). We will analyse the two approaches of redevelopment of these areas using the conceptual model of multi-helices. These approaches resulted in different preliminary results: a firmly organised redevelopment project resulting in a campus environment versus a loosely organised organic redevelopment process resulting in several lab like innovation environments. We characterise the redevelopment of the RDM site by the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relationships fostering innovation. The M4H area as a less preplanned redevelopment is following the Quadruple Helix, blending in the perspective of civil society in knowledge production and innovation, and the concept of the Living Lab.Certain occupiers are positioned as network builder. These are perceived to be good examples for the branding of M4H or their innovative character are called ‘area ambassadors’. Two of these are regarded as world famous brands and for that as ‘iconic’ occupiers of the area. This in contrast to the iconic buildings that feature the Rotterdam skyline. Studio Roosegaarde creates interactive designs exploring the dynamic relation between people, technology and space. Atelier van Lieshout is a multidisciplinary firm that operates internationally in contemporary art, design and architecture. By collaborating with these iconic end-users the City Ports organization wants to direct more attention to M4H, to create a stronger image for the area and to benefit from the extended network of these users. Previously, we published our preliminary findings on the arrival of Studio Roosegaarde in the area in 2015. Our paper will evaluate the role of Studio Roosegaarde as network builder for the area up until mid 2017 and we will make a start with describing and understanding Atelier van Lieshout’s iconic role.Next to interviews and desk research, we aim to research the network in M4H and RDM using Actor-Network specific methods. And we will put forward an analysis of the role of our own institution, the Rotterdam University of Applied Science, in developing the Rotterdam Innovation District. The university is a prominent actor filling in the university-part of the Triple Helix at RDM and is currently exploring a greater involvement in M4H including the recent opening of a student hub in the area. |
| Keywords: | Iconic occupiers; Innovation district; Network building; Redevelopment; Urban area development |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2017–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2017_104&r=ino |
| By: | Blanche Segrestin (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Date: | 2017–03–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01736509&r=ino |
| By: | ONISHI Koichiro; NAGAOKA Sadao |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the effects of graduate education on inventive performance, as well as the underlying mechanisms, using inventor life-cycle data to focus on the factors affecting the capability of an inventor to absorb and combine diverse external knowledge. In order to control for endogeneity in the choice of graduate education, we use as an instrument the unemployment rate of college graduates in the year preceding the graduation of the focal inventor, as well as in the academic field in which the inventor is specialized. Our first-stage estimation results show that a college student who graduates under adverse labor market conditions chooses much more frequently to pursue a graduate degree. This instrument is also likely to satisfy the exclusion restriction, since our dependent variables are long-run inventor activities. We find that graduate education induced by this instrument significantly enhances inventive performance, as measured by the level and scope of forward citations and the number of patent applications. It also significantly enhances the scope of knowledge exploited for inventive processes, both in the use of scientific knowledge as well as in the scope of knowledge cited in the prior patent literature. |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:18016&r=ino |
| By: | Marco Cozzi (Department of Economics, University of Victoria) |
| Abstract: | This paper characterizes quantitatively the optimal capital income tax rate in an OLG economy with uninsurable income risk, incomplete markets and endogenous Schumpeterian growth. Contrary to the most recent literature, it is found that it is virtually never optimal to tax capital: under the optimal scheme, in a series of cases, the highest proportional tax rate on capital is found to be less than 0.2%. The reason for this result lies in the reduced GDP (and wage) growth rate stemming from a higher capital tax rate. In General Equilibrium, the interest rate rises, and the increased cost of capital reduces the endogenous rate of innovation, leading to a negative response of the growth rate. Although the equilibrium effect on the growth rate is found to be quantitatively modest (approximately half a percentage point), it still has a first order consequence on welfare. The results show that moving to the optimal income tax schedule entails large welfare gains, approximately 5% in consumption equivalent. The results are robust along a number of dimensions, including the specification of preferences. An alternative formulation of the utility function,taken from a class consistent with a Balanced Growth Path, is calibrated to obtain an empirically plausible value for the Frisch elasticity of 0.5, and confirms all the results, both qualitatively and quantitatively. JEL Classification: D15, E21, H21, O41 |
| Keywords: | Capital and Income Taxation, Heterogeneous Agents, Incomplete Markets,Endogenous Growth, Welfare. |
| Date: | 2018–04–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:vic:vicddp:1803&r=ino |
| By: | Philippe Aghion; Antonin Bergeaud; Timo Boppart; Peter J. Klenow; Huiyu Li |
| Abstract: | Statistical agencies typically impute inflation for disappearing products based on surviving products, which may result in overstated inflation and understated growth. Using U.S. Census data, we apply two ways of assessing the magnitude of “missing growth” for private nonfarm businesses from 1983–2013. The first approach exploits information on the market share of surviving plants. The second approach applies indirect inference to firm-level data. We find: (i) missing growth from imputation is substantial — at least 0.6 percentage points per year; and (ii) most of the missing growth is due to creative destruction (as opposed to new varieties). |
| Date: | 2018–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cen:wpaper:18-18&r=ino |
| By: | Stijn Kelchtermans (KULeuven); Nicolas Robledo-Bottcher (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Belgium, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111253&r=ino |
| By: | Marios Demetriades (University of Cyprus); Nicolas Robledo-Bottcher (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Cyprus, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111279&r=ino |
| By: | Vitor Corado Simoes (ISEG, University of Lisbon); Manuel Mira Godinho (ISEG, University of Lisbon); Miguel Sanchez-Martinez (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Portugal, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111275&r=ino |
| By: | Martin Shrolec (Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education – (Economics Institute), Charles University and Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Science); Miguel Sanchez-Martinez (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Czech Republic, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111276&r=ino |
| By: | Brian Warrington (Independent Expert, Valetta (Malta)); Hristo Hristov (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Malta, Innovation System |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111263&r=ino |
| By: | Maja Bucar (Faculty of Social Sciences. University of Ljubljana); Andreja Jaklic (Faculty of Social Sciences. University of Ljubljana); Elena Gonzalez Verdesoto (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Slovenia, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111274&r=ino |
| By: | Veli-Pekka Saarnivaara (VPSolutio); Kimmo Halme (4Front OY); Jessica Mitchell (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Finland, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111280&r=ino |
| By: | Wolfgang Sofka (Copenhagen Business School, Denmark); Edlira Shehu (University of Southern Denmark, Denmark); Hristo Hristov (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Germany, Innovation System |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111264&r=ino |
| By: | Gundars Kulikovskis (FIDEA); Diana Petraityte (FIDEA); Blagoy Stamenov (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Latvia, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111257&r=ino |
| By: | Rainer Kattel (Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose, University College London); Blagoy Stamenov (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Estonia, Innovation System |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111256&r=ino |
| By: | Agne Paliokaite (Visionary Analytics); Monika Petraite (Kaunas University of Technology); Elena González Verdesoto (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and innovation, Lithuania, Innovation system |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111273&r=ino |
| By: | Klaus Schuch (Centre for Social Innovation (ZSI)); Giuseppina Testa (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The R&I Observatory country report 2017 provides a brief analysis of the R&I system covering the economic context, main actors, funding trends & human resources, policies to address R&I challenges, and R&I in national and regional smart specialisation strategies. Data is from Eurostat, unless otherwise referenced and is correct as at January 2018. Data used from other international sources is also correct to that date. The report provides a state-of-play and analysis of the national level R&I system and its challenges, to support the European Semester. |
| Keywords: | Research and Innovation, Austria, Innovation System |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc111262&r=ino |