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on Innovation |
| By: | Abdelkader Baaziz (IRSIC - Institut de Recherches en Sciences de l'Information et de Communication - AMU - Aix-Marseille Université); Luc Quoniam (UTLN - Université de Toulon) |
| Abstract: | The Information Systems around patents are complex, their study coupled with a creative vision of "out of the box", overcomes the strict basic functions of the patent. We have, on several occasions, guiding research around the patent solely-based on information, since the writing of new patents; invalidation of existing patents, the creation of value-added information and their links to other Information Systems. The traditional R&D based on heavy investments is one type of technology transfer. But, patent information is also, another powerful tool of technology transfer, innovation and creativity. Indeed, conduct research on the patent, from an academic viewpoint, although not always focusing only on financial revenue, can be considered as a form of "Non Practicing Entities" (NPE) activity, called rightly or wrongly "Patent Trolls". We'll see why the term "patent troll" for this activity is controversial and inappropriate. The research we will describe in this paper falls within this context. We show two case studies of efficient use of patent information in Emerging countries, the first concern the pharmaceutical industry in Brazil and the second, the oil industry in Algeria. |
| Date: | 2014–11–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01087609&r=all |
| By: | Ibañez-Zarate, Guiomar |
| Abstract: | This study analyses the effect of competition intensity as a determinant of cooperative partner choice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to study the relationship between research and development (R&D) cooperation and direct measures of competition intensity. Competition intensity is measured by the number of competitors in the firm's core market and the price elasticity reported by firms. Using information from German firms for 2011, our results show that competition intensity is a determinant for different types of collaborative innovation (e.g., with customers, suppliers, competitors, universities, or firms of the same group). Overall, the effect of competition is negative for cooperation with universities, customers and firms of the same group, and positive for cooperation with suppliers and competitors (and ambiguous for cooperation with consultants). Competition negatively affects partnerships with customers and universities, which look for radical innovation and involve high risks of disclosure. By contrast, competition positively influences partnerships with suppliers and competitors, which pursue incremental innovation and which involve a symmetric risk of information disclosure. Keywords: innovation; R&D cooperation; competition intensity; appropriability conditions. JEL Classification Numbers: L10; O32; O33; L60. |
| Keywords: | Investigació industrial, Competència econòmica, Innovacions tecnològiques, Empreses -- Alemanya, Col·laboració empresa-universitat, 338 - Situació econòmica. Política econòmica. Gestió, control i planificació de l'economia. Producció. Serveis. Turisme. Preus, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:urv:wpaper:2072/252214&r=all |
| By: | Costa, M. Teresa (Maria Teresa), 1951-; García, José, 1963-; Segarra Blasco, Agustí, 1958- |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the extent to which innovative Spanish firms pursue improvements in energy efficiency (EE) as an objective of innovation. The increase in energy consumption and its impact on greenhouse gas emissions justifies the greater attention being paid to energy efficiency and especially to industrial EE. The ability of manufacturing companies to innovate and improve their EE has a substantial influence on attaining objectives regarding climate change mitigation. Despite the effort to design more efficient energy policies, the EE determinants in manufacturing firms have been little studied in the empirical literature. From an exhaustive sample of Spanish manufacturing firms and using a logit model, we examine the energy efficiency determinants for those firms that have innovated. To carry out the econometric analysis, we use panel data from the Community Innovation Survey for the period 2008â€2011. Our empirical results underline the role of size among the characteristics of firms that facilitate energy efficiency innovation. Regarding company behaviour, firms that consider the reduction of environmental impacts to be an important objective of innovation and that have introduced organisational innovations are more likely to innovate with the objective of increasing energy efficiency. Keywords: energy efficiency, corporate targets, innovation, Community Innovation Survey. JEL Classification: Q40, Q55, O31 |
| Keywords: | Energia, Economia ambiental, Tecnologia -- Innovacions, Empreses -- Espanya -- Aspectes ambientals, 33 - Economia, 504 - Ciències del medi ambient, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:urv:wpaper:2072/248362&r=all |
| By: | Rehman, Naqeeb, Ur |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of internal and external R&D on SMEs innovation performance. Micro level data was obtained from Enterprise Survey. For analysis, bivariate models have been used. The results show that internal and external R&D positively affects the product and process innovations. However, this effect is stronger for Indian SMEs. In comparison, only external R&D showed positive association to product and process innovation for Pakistani SMEs. Similarly, Pakistani SMEs are externally constrained (lack of access to credit) than Indian SMEs. Moreover, Indian SMEs are dominant in terms of undertaking internal R&D, generating product and process innovations than Pakistani SMEs. Lastly, the complementary relationship has been examined between internal and external R&D for both countries. Regarding contribution, this research study for the first time has examined the Indian and Pakistani SMEs innovation activities. The implication of this study suggests that business managers can utilize the balance combination of internal and external R&D to accelerate the SMEs innovation performance. |
| Keywords: | Internal and External R&D,SMEs |
| JEL: | O3 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:113229&r=all |
| By: | Alberto Botta (Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria and University of Pavia) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we deal with the complex relationship connecting inequality to innovation, and the ways through which public investment, in particular public participation to R&D initiatives, can affect it. We first stress that various different equilibria may exist in the inequality-innovation space. The positive relation that part of the economic theory often assumes to exist between (initially) rising inequality and improving innovation performances emerges as only one among many other far less virtuous dynamic trajectories. We then analyze the specific case of the US. We put emphasis on the possible perverse effects that the financialization of the US economy may have on the inequality-innovation nexus. We also note that the US developmental State - very often neglected by the economic literature - can effectively mitigate such undesirable outcomes. According to our interpretation of recent developments in the US economy, the widespread belief in the positive pro-innovation effects of fierce cutthroat remuneration systems may prove to be ungrounded. |
| Keywords: | Inequality, Innovation, Financialization, Public Investment, Developmental state |
| JEL: | O15 O16 O31 O38 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp1506&r=all |
| By: | Max Nathan |
| Abstract: | Minority ethnic inventors play important roles in US innovation, especially in high-tech regions such as Silicon Valley. Do ‘ethnicity–innovation’ channels exist elsewhere? Ethnicity could influence innovation via production complementarities from diverse inventor communities, co-ethnic network externalities or individual ‘stars’. I explore these issues using new UK patents microdata and a novel name-classification system. UK minority ethnic inventors are spatially concentrated, as in the USA, but have different characteristics reflecting UK-specific geography and history. I find that the diversity of inventor communities helps raise individual patenting, with suggestive influence of East Asian-origin stars. Majority inventors may benefit from multiplier effects. |
| Keywords: | innovation; cultural diversity; minority ethnic inventors patents; cities |
| JEL: | J15 O31 R11 |
| Date: | 2014–05–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:57946&r=all |
| By: | David Popp |
| Abstract: | The mix of public and private research funding investments in alternative energy presents a challenge for isolating the effect of government R&D funding. Factors such as energy prices and environmental policy influence both private and public R&D decisions. Moreover, because government R&D is further upstream from the final commercialized product, it may take several years for its effect on technology to be realized. Combining data on scientific publications for alternative energy technologies with data on government R&D support for these technologies, we address these challenges. First, we ask how long it takes for energy R&D to provide successful research outcomes. We both provide information on the lags between research funding and new publication and link these articles to citations in U.S. energy patents. One million dollars in additional government R&D funding leads to 1-2 additional publications, but with lags as long as ten years between initial funding and publication. Second, we ask whether adjustment costs associated with large increases in research funding result in diminishing returns to government R&D. There is no evidence of diminishing returns on the level of publication output, but some evidence that additional funding leads to lower quality publications, using citations as a measure of publication quality. |
| JEL: | O21 O38 Q42 Q48 Q55 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21415&r=all |
| By: | Wagner, Joachim (Leuphana University Lueneburg, Germany, Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS), & Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Sweden.) |
| Abstract: | Crinò and Epifani (2012) report and discuss two empirical regularities they find in a representative sample of Italian manufacturing firms. First, there is a negative correlation between firms’ productivity and their export share to low-income destinations. Second, there is a negative correlation between firms’ innovation activity and their export share to low-income destinations. This note uses recently available comparable high quality firm level data for six European countries (including Italy) and similarly specified empirical models in an attempt to replicate these results. Replication failed completely. The link found between the share of exports to low-income countries and either productivity or R&D intensity is never in line with the results from Crinò and Epifani (2012). |
| Keywords: | exports; low-income destinations; productivity; innovation; EFIGE data |
| JEL: | F14 |
| Date: | 2015–07–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0417&r=all |
| By: | Francesco Nicolli (Facoltà di Economia (Faculty of Economics) - Università degli Studi di Ferrara); Francesco Vona (Facoltà di Economia (Faculty of Economics) - Università degli Studi di Ferrara) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates empirically the effect of market regulation and renewable energy policies on innovation activity in different renewable energy technologies. For the EU countries and the years 1980 to 2007, we built a unique dataset containing information on patent production in eight different technologies, proxies of market regulation and technology-specific renewable energy policies. Our main findings show that lowering entry barriers is a more significant driver of renewable energy innovation than privatisation and unbundling, but its effect varies across technologies, being stronger in technologies characterised by the potential entry of small, independent power producers. Additionally, the inducement effect of renewable energy policies is heterogeneous and more pronounced for wind, which is the only technology that is mature and has high technological potential. Finally, the ratification of the Kyoto protocol – determining a more stable and less uncertain policy framework - amplifies the inducement effect of both energy policy and market liberalisation. |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01087864&r=all |
| By: | Okada, Yoshimi; Nagaoka, Sadao |
| Abstract: | In order to assess the disclosure function of the patent system, this study examined the impact of the pre-grant publication system introduced in the United States in 2000. Unlike earlier studies, the applicant (inventor) non-self-citations (excluding examiner citations) were used to track knowledge flow. The causal effects of disclosure were identified by examining the changes in behavior before and after this legal change. The introduction of the pre-grant publication system was found to accelerate the initiation of knowledge diffusion significantly across all technology areas, except for Chemical field. The effect was the strongest in the Computers & Communications field, which had the longest publication lag before the reform. In addition, the initial slope of the diffusion curve rose while the long-term level of citation flow declined in the Computers & Communications field. In contrast, both of them rose in the Electrical & Electronic field. These results suggest the possibility that early disclosure not only stimulated complementary inventions but also helped inventors recognize early the duplications and then helped the reductions of duplicative R&D and/or applications, in a field with a long publication lag. In addition, we found that the examiner citation curve begins significantly earlier and more sharply compared to the applicant citation curve, which shows that examiner citation is a wrong measure of knowledge flow. |
| Keywords: | Disclosure, knowledge flow, patent, pre-grant publication |
| JEL: | O33 O31 O38 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:iirwps:15-12&r=all |
| By: | Ana Maria Santacreu (Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis and INSEAD); Federico Gavazzoni (INSEAD) |
| Abstract: | We document that international R&D spillovers through trade in varieties is a major driver of asset prices. We find that country pairs that share more R&D have more correlated stock market returns and less volatile exchange rates. Moreover, we show that countries that depend more heavily on their trading partner's R&D have currencies that tend to pay a positive excess return. We develop an endogenous growth model of innovation and international technology diffusion that rationalizes our empirical findings. A calibrated version of our model matches several important asset pricing and quantity moments, thus alleviating several of the classic quantity-price puzzles of the international macroeconomic literature. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:red:sed015:405&r=all |
| By: | Findik, Derya (Middle East Technical University); Tansel, Aysit (Cornell University) |
| Abstract: | This chapter analyzes the effect of intangible investment on firm efficiency with an emphasis on its software component. Stochastic production frontier approach is used to simultaneously estimate the production function and the determinants of technical efficiency in the software intensive manufacturing firms in Turkey for the period 2003-2007. Firms are classified based on the technology group. High technology and low technology firms are estimated separately in order to reveal differentials in their firm efficiency. The results show that the effect of software investment on firm efficiency is larger in high technology firms which operate in areas such as chemicals, electricity, and machinery as compared to that of the low technology firms which operate in areas such as textiles, food, paper, and unclassified manufacturing. Further, among the high technology firms, the effect of the software investment is smaller than the effect of research and development personnel expenditure. This result shows that the presence of R&D personnel is more important than the software investment for software intensive manufacturing firms in Turkey. |
| Keywords: | intangible assets, software investment, efficiency, software intensive firms, stochastic frontier analysis, production function, firms, Turkey |
| JEL: | L21 L22 L23 L25 |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9262&r=all |
| By: | Olivier Boissin (CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - Grenoble 2 UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France); Hervé Charmettant (CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - Grenoble 2 UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France); Jean-Yves Juban (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - Grenoble 2 UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France - CNRS); Yvan Renou (CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - Grenoble 2 UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France) |
| Abstract: | This research paper is in the field of social and solidarity economy (SSE) and covers the analysis of the link between the SCOP governance and its ability to promote innovation in economic and social terms. The issue revolves around the following question: what legal principles and those of SCOP's governance are the central drivers of economic and social innovation? We propose to analyze this question in two parts. (i) The system of SCOP: a specific Corporate Governance. We develop the idea that the legal SCOP framework generates a powerful lever in order to innovate on both the social and economic level. (ii) We then develop an empirical analysis. These case studies are representative of the sectorial diversity and allow the understanding of innovative dimensions in SCOP. In conclusion, this research opens a new problematic: financial risk management in uncertain environments. |
| Abstract: | Ce papier de recherche s'inscrit dans le domaine de l'économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) et vise l’analyse du lien entre le régime SCOP et sa capacité à favoriser des innovations sur le plan économique et social. La problématique retenue est la suivante : en quoi les principes juridiques et de gouvernance propres aux SCOP représentent le levier central de l’innovation économique et sociale ? Après avoir montré que le régime des SCOP conditionne en profondeur le mode d’organisation interne de ces structures, une analyse empirique est conduite afin d’identifier les principaux leviers d’innovations économiques et sociales. Au final, ces expériences de terrain permettent d’ouvrir une interrogation sur une limite du modèle des SCOP : la prise de risque en situation d’innovation placées en environnement incertain. |
| Date: | 2015–05–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01174438&r=all |
| By: | Nathalie Lazaric (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis); Jun Jin (School of Management, Zhejiang University, China - Chercheur Indépendant); Ali Douai (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis); Cécile Ayerbe (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - CNRS) |
| Abstract: | This article proposes a model of eco-innovation that emphasizes the role of users and regulation in the development and diffusion of eco-innovation products, by comparing the diffusion of two e-bike companies, CEP and Lvyan, from China and France. These cases show that diffusion of eco-innovation in China and France is strongly linked to the institutional context and specific consumer needs, highlighting the importance of involving users in the development and diffusion of eco-innovation in order to satisfy market demand, and increase profit and competitiveness in niche markets. It also shows that, to achieve a comprehensive picture, institutions and policy makers should adopt a coevolutionary approach to regulation that includes consideration of technology, uses and practices. The case of CEP reveals that regulation appropriate to the market fosters companies' eco-innovation; compared to the case of Lvyan which shows that irrelevant regulation can become a barrier to the diffusion of eco-innovations such as the e-bikes. The superior 'snob effects' of the French market are discussed and compared with the 'bandwagons effects' noted in the Chinese market. |
| Abstract: | Cet article propose un cadre d'analyse de l'éco-innovation, mettant l'accent sur le rôle des utilisateurs et des régulations dans son développement et sa diffusion à partir d'une comparaison des trajectoires de deux firmes du secteur du vélo électrique, Lyyuan (Chine) et CEP (France). Ces cas mettent en exergue le rôle du contexte institutionnel et des besoins spécifiques de consommateurs dans la trajectoire de l'éco-innovation. Une approche en termes de co-évolution entre la technologie, les usages et les pratiques est mise en avant pour expliquer les différences de trajectoire. Les effets de " snobisme " sur le marché français sont discutés et comparés aux effets " boule de neige " (bandwagon) observables sur le marché chinois. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01070168&r=all |
| By: | Stijn Oosterlynck; Yuri Kazepov; Andreas Novy; Pieter Cools; Tatiana Sarius; Florian Wokuvitsch |
| Abstract: | This paper is concerned with local social innovation in the field of poverty reduction. We argue that local social innovation aimed at poverty reduction should be discussed in the context of the ongoing restructuring of the welfare state in Europe and debates about the future of social policy, paying particular attention to institutional features such as the territorial organization of the welfare system and changes in the welfare mix. Rather than seeing local social innovation as a new paradigm for social intervention that can potentially replace the welfare state, we see local social innovation as a wave of initiatives that is part and parcel of an ongoing spatio-institutional restructuring of welfare states, leading to a more complex rather than a completely different welfare mix.We start this paper with a general definition of social innovation as an innovation that is innovative both in its goals and means and then develop a more customised definition for the field of poverty reduction. We do so by discussing three core characteristics of social innovation in this area, namely its approach of poverty as a multidimensional and relational phenomenon, its critique of bureaucratic and centralized welfare institutions and its place-based character. This leads us to define local social innovations in the field of poverty reduction as locally embedded practices, actions and policies that enable socially excluded and impoverished individuals and social groups to satisfy basic needs for which they find no adequate solution in the private market or institutionalized macro-level welfare policies.In a final part of the paper, we build on this customized definition to analyze the relationship between social innovation and macro-level welfare state policies. We show how the spatio-institutional restructuring of welfare states in recent decades have created many points of contact between macro-level welfare policies and local social innovations and that recent and that social innovation has recently emerged on the European social agenda. Finally, by way of identifying issues of interest for empirical research on the relationship between social innovation and welfare state, we look at how local social innovations organize social interventions differently from conventional welfare state policies and social investment strategies. |
| Keywords: | Social innovation, welfare state, poverty reduction, social investment, welfare mix, rescaling, social policy |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hdl:improv:1515&r=all |
| By: | Milena Klasing Chen (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Sophie Hooge (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Blanche Segrestin (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) |
| Abstract: | Value creation and the companies’ value propositions have long been the centre of managers’ concerns. Although increasing work is done on creating value with the customer, value creation at the ecosystem level is less studied. This is particularly the case in innovation contexts. Through the study of two cases in strongly regulated business-to-business (B2B) markets, one on a public transports operator and one on a systems assembler in the aeronautic sector, we analyse how projects on radical innovations are efficient levers to investigate the mechanisms of value creation for several actors. We propose a model of these regulated B2B markets - complex value networks - and show how the value evaluation framework was changed by a business model innovation, evolving to take into account the value for several actors of the ecosystem. We furthermore describe how major innovation in product design challenges the existing regulations, allowing companies to propose or sustain innovative regulations, and changes relations in the value network, sustaining the emergence of new partnerships. |
| Date: | 2015–06–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01147408&r=all |
| By: | Gorodnichenko, Yuriy; Svejnar, Jan; Terrell, Katherine |
| Abstract: | Our estimates, based on large firm-level and industry-level data sets from eighteen countries, suggest that FDI and trade have strong positive spillover effects on product and technology innovation by domestic firms in emerging markets. The FDI effect is more pronounced for firms from advanced economies. Moreover, our results indicate that the spillover effects can be detected with micro data at the firm-level, but that using linkage variables computed from input-output tables at the industry level yields much weaker, and usually insignificant, estimated effects. These patterns are consistent with spillover effects being rather proximate and localized. |
| Keywords: | emerging markets; FDI; foreign competition; horizontal and vertical linkages; innovation; spillovers |
| JEL: | F23 M16 O16 P23 |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:10757&r=all |
| By: | Marine Agogué (HEC Montréal - HEC MONTRÉAL); Pascal Le Masson (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) |
| Abstract: | Some industries are lacking the proposal of truly original new ideas to renew existing products and/or services, despite repeated efforts from all stakeholders to make innovative and original proposals. These situations, called orphan innovation, lead to revisit the contemporary approaches to the study of obstacles in ideation, as orphan innovation is a paradoxical situation. Conventional financial constraints and institutional level are released, the market demand is strong, niche strategies are possible and bold entrepreneurs abound. And yet, the proposals do not fulfil expectations regarding innovation. We advocate in this paper that cognitive sciences can contribute to making sense of this phenomenon. Based on recent studies in cognitive psychology on idea generation, we propose a model of ideation reasoning, contrasting heuristic-based reasoning and exploration-based reasoning. We then apply this model on a case study, showing how a cognitive model of ideation allows to diagnose orphan innovation and more generally innovation lock-ins. |
| Date: | 2015–08–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01132377&r=all |
| By: | Merle Jacob (Lund University (Sweden)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Sweden for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Swedish research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Sweden |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96470&r=all |
| By: | Bronwyn H. Hall; Christian Helmers; Georg von Graevenitz |
| Abstract: | We analyze the effect of patent thickets on entry into technology areas by firms in the UK. We present a model that describes incentives to enter technology areas characterized by varying technological opportunity, complexity of technology, and the potential for hold?up in patent thickets. We show empirically that our measure of patent thickets is associated with a reduction of first time patenting in a given technology area controlling for the level of technological complexity and opportunity. Technological areas characterized by more technological complexity and opportunity, in contrast, see more entry. Our evidence indicates that patent thickets raise entry costs, which leads to less entry into technologies regardless of a firm?s size. |
| Keywords: | Patenting, Entry, Patent Thickets |
| JEL: | K11 L20 O31 O34 |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cgs:wpaper:60&r=all |
| By: | Pierre Bitard (Association nationale de la recherche et de la technologie (France)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in France for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the French research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, France |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96577&r=all |
| By: | Susan Alexander (Minerva Research & Advisory (Luxembourg)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Luxembourg for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Luxembourg research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Luxembourg |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96484&r=all |
| By: | Mario Pianta (Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italy)) |
| Abstract: | The Country Report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Italy for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Italian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Italy |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96575&r=all |
| By: | Vladimír Baláž (The Institute for Forecasting of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovakia)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in the Slovak Republic for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Slovak research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Slovak Republic |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96368&r=all |
| By: | Emanuela Todeva (University of Surrey (Guildford, United Kingdom) Author-Workplace-Homepage: http://www.surrey.ac.uk/) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Bulgaria for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Bulgarian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Bulgaria |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96561&r=all |
| By: | Lena Tsipouri (University of Athens (Greece) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://www.uoa.gr/); Sophia Athanassopoulou (University of Athens (Greece) Author-Workplace-Homepage http://www.uoa.gr/) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Greece for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Greek research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Greece |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96491&r=all |
| By: | Domagoj Racic (Mreza Znanja (Knowledge Network) (Zagreb, Croatia)); Jadranka Švarc (Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar (Zagreb, Croatia)) |
| Abstract: | The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Croatia for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Croatian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Croatia |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96366&r=all |
| By: | Alexander Cuntz (Technical University of Berlin (Berlin, Germany)) |
| Abstract: | This Country Report builds on the series of ERAWATCH reports. The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Austria for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Austrian research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Poland |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96293&r=all |
| By: | Krzysztof Klincewicz (University of Warsaw (Warsaw, Poland)) |
| Abstract: | This analytical country report is the first of a series of annual RIO Country Reports. This Country Report builds on the series of ERAWATCH reports. The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Poland for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Polish research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. |
| Keywords: | R&I system, R&I policy, ERA, innovation union, Semester analysis, Poland |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96343&r=all |
| By: | Tomasz Brodzicki (University of Gdansk, Faculty of Economics; Institute for Development); Katarzyna Sledziewska (University of Warsaw) |
| Abstract: | The technology gap theory as advocated by Posner (1961) described an advantage enjoyed by a country that introduces new goods into a market, gaining an initial edge and establishing its initial exporter status. The nexus between technology and innovation gap and trade is however much more complex. The goal of this paper is to investigate the actual role of technology and innovation gap in explaining intensity of bilateral trade flows of Poland with its trade partners at the general (country level) with the use of trade gravity approach. The analysis is carried out for 234 trade partners of Poland in the period 1999-2013. Technology gap is measured by TFP and relative patenting performance controlling for quality of institutions as well as technology and innovation indices of Global Competitiveness Report by the WEF (2014). In order to obtain unbiased results we utilize semi-mixed effects model using Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (PPML) estimator. |
| Keywords: | technology, gap trade gravity, semi-mixed effect panel model |
| JEL: | C23 F10 F14 F15 |
| Date: | 2015–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iro:wpaper:1506&r=all |
| By: | Stefano Breschi (Bocconi University); Francesco Lissoni (Université de Bordeaux); Ernest Miguelez (Université de Bordeaux) |
| Abstract: | We assess the role of ethnic ties in the diffusion of technical knowledge by means of a database of patent filed by US-resident inventors of foreign origin, which we identify through name analysis. We consider ten important countries of origin of highly skilled migration to the US, both Asian and European, and test whether foreign inventors’ patents are disproportionately cited by: (i) co-ethnic migrants (“diaspora†effect); and (ii) inventors residing in their country of origin (“brain gain†effect). We find evidence of the diaspora effect for Asian countries, but not for European ones, with the exception of Russia. Diaspora effects do not translate necessarily into a brain gain effect, most notably for India; nor brain gain occurs only in presence of diaspora effects. Both the diaspora and the brain gain effects bear less weight than other knowledge transmission channels, such as co-invention networks and multinational companies. |
| Keywords: | migration, brain gain, diaspora, diffusion, inventors, patents |
| JEL: | F22 O15 O31 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:1509&r=all |
| By: | Rachel Griffith (Institute for Fiscal Studies and IFS and Manchester); Sokbae Lee* (Institute for Fiscal Studies); Bas Straathof (Institute for Fiscal Studies) |
| Abstract: | There is considerable interest in understanding how important market frictions are in stiffing the transmission of ideas from one firm to another. Although the theoretical literature emphasizes the importance of these frictions, direct empirical evidence on them is limited. We use comprehensive patent data from the European Patent Office and a multiple spells duration model to provide estimates that suggest that they are substantial. It is around 30% more costly to successfully discover and utilize new ideas created in another firm than in your own. This compares to the increased costs of accessing new ideas across national borders of around 5%, and across technologies of around 20%. These result point towards substantial imperfections in the market for technology. |
| Date: | 2014–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:cemmap:40/14&r=all |
| By: | Marco Ceccagnoli; Matthew J. Higgins; Hyunsung D. Kang |
| Abstract: | Despite the fact that one of the main goals of corporate venture capital (CVC) investments in high-tech industries is to gain a window on future technologies, the relationship between CVC investments and strategies used to acquire technologies in the markets, such as licensing, has not been adequately explored. To address this gap, we build on the real option literature suggesting that CVC investments can be used as real options in the markets for technology. Accordingly, we formulate hypotheses about key drivers of the option value of CVC investments and the decision to exercise the option. Using a longitudinal dataset based on 604 dyads formed by a sample of global pharmaceutical firms and their external technology partners, we find that corporate investors’ scientific capabilities, technological domains, research pipelines, and the resolution of exogenous uncertainty related to partner firms’ technologies impact investors’ decisions on CVC investments and ex post technology acquisition. In our research setting, the most common way to exercise the option post-CVC investment is via technology licensing. |
| JEL: | G34 L24 L65 O32 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21424&r=all |
| By: | Philippe Bertheau (CNAM Paris - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Paris - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM]); Gilles Garel (CNAM Paris - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Paris - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM]) |
| Abstract: | This chapter is a first effort, mainly descriptive, to explore possible cross-fertilization between two active fields of research - management of innovation and cognitive psychology. Both approaches question some important aspects of the dominant vision of the firm, especially those related to the existence of rational choice in organizations. Our reasonning is based on two pillars: First, specific situations of innovation are a privileged field for the observation of cognitive bias and representation errors. Why? Because the innovation, which always includes some transgression, often questions the practices and management systems. In doing so, it illuminates representation errors (ie the " inappropriate application of antecedent interpretative models"). Second, there is a striking convergence between the results of research on cognitive bias and some strong assumptions of the management of innovation . The two streams , in particular, emphasize the inadequacy of the classical theories of decision. |
| Abstract: | L"innovation n'a, jusqu"ici et à notre connaissance, jamais été le terrain d"études portant explicitement sur les erreurs de représentation. Ce chapitre constitue donc un premier effort, essentiellement descriptif, pour explorer les fertilisations croisées possibles entre deux courants de recherche – le management de l"innovation et la psychologie cognitive. Les deux approches ont en commun de remettre en cause certains aspects importants de la vision dominante de la firme, en particulier les mythes rationnels liés aux processus de choix dans les organisations. Notre réflexion est ici fondée sur deux piliers : 1. Les situations concrètes de l"innovation en train de se faire forment un terrain privilégié pour l"observation des erreurs de représentation. Pourquoi ? Parce que l"innovation, qui comporte toujours une part de transgression, interroge en profondeur les pratiques et les dispositifs de gestion. Ce faisant, elle éclaire les erreurs de représentation (autrement dit l"application inappropriée de grilles de lectures antécédentes) d"un jour souvent cru. L"analyse des cas d"innovation, qu"elle soit technologique, organisationnelle ou sociale, est donc un remarquable révélateur de la banalité des erreurs de représentation dans le fonctionnement des organisations et, peut-être, l"occasion de nouveaux développements théoriques. 2. Il y a une convergence de résultats entre les recherches menées depuis une quarantaine d’années sur les erreurs de représentation et certaines hypothèses fortes du management de l’innovation. Les deux courants, en particulier, insistent sur le caractère insuffisant des théories classiques de la décision. |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01112705&r=all |
| By: | Amel Attour (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis); Alain Rallet (RITM - Réseaux Innovation Territoires et Mondialisation - UP11 - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11) |
| Abstract: | Cet article s'intéresse à l'émergence des smart cities et aux problèmes de coordination des activités que rencontre l'innovation de services dans ce domaine. À l'appui d'une importante revue du courant de recherche sur les smart cities, l'article confronte les différentes visions du concept smart cities mises en avant par la littérature. Deux visions sont en particulier pointées, mais réfutées ici pour appréhender de manière plus pragmatique la ville intelligente. Après avoir dressé dans une première partie une typologie des services urbains censés incarner l'intelligence d'une ville, l'article souligne le rôle clef des plateformes économiques dans le développement des services urbains. À l'appui des cas smart grids et services de mobilités, l'article souligne dans une deuxième partie qu'il n'y a pas de transitivité directe entre les smart grids et les smart cities. Il focalise alors sur l'exemple du NFC (Near Field Communication), les services sans contact qui font actuellement l'objet de diverses expérimentations urbaines, pour examiner le rôle des acteurs de l'écosystème et leur capacité à constituer la plateforme économique de l'écosystème. Elle conclut qu'aucun des acteurs industriels, privés ou publics, n'a cette capacité, le territoire apparaissant comme le seul cadre coopératif susceptible d'initier une dynamique d'innovation collective. Une lecture simplifiée, appuyée par les exemples de villes françaises (Nice, Strasbourg, Bordeaux), des processus techniques et interactionnels nécessaires à la délivrance des services urbains NFC permet de conclure sur le rôle clef du territoire dans la coordination des acteurs de l'écosystème étudié. La ville, détentrice de la plateforme économique (ses services urbains et son territoire comme lieu d'exercice) nécessaire à l'émergence de l'écosystème, est identifiée comme seul acteur pivot susceptible d'initier une dynamique d'innovation collective. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01062020&r=all |
| By: | Dirk Czarnitzki (KU Leuven, Belgium); Thorsten Doherr (CREA, Université de Luxembourg); Katrin Hussinger (CREA, Université de Luxembourg); Paula Schliessler (KU Leuven, Belgium); Andrew A. Toole (Us Dept of Agriculture, Washington) |
| Abstract: | We examine how the ownership of intellectual property rights influences patenting of university- discovered inventions. In 2002, Germany transferred patent rights from faculty members to their universities. To identify the effect on the volume of patenting, we exploit the researcher-level exogeneity of the 2002 policy change using a novel researcher-level panel database that includes a control group not affected by the law change. For professors who had existing industry connections, the policy decreased patenting, but for those without prior industry connections, it increased patenting. Overall, fewer university inventions were patented following the shift from inventor to institutional ownership. |
| Keywords: | Intellectual property, patents, technology transfer, policy evaluation |
| JEL: | O34 O38 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:luc:wpaper:15-05&r=all |
| By: | Hottenrott, Hanna; Lawson, Cornelia |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the importance of the socialization environment - nest - for the career destinations of early career researchers. In a sample of research groups in the fields of science and engineering at universities in Germany, we identify research orientation, output, funding as well as openness to industry and commercialization as relevant components. Nests that attract more public funding and are led by professors with high research performance are more likely to produce researchers that take jobs in public research, while links to industry predict jobs in the private sector. In a more nuanced analysis that differs by type of industry employment we find that larger firms also recruit from groups with higher scientific performance, while SMEs recruit from nests with a higher patent productivity. A focus on experimental development instead is associated with academic start-ups, and an applied focus with employment in consulting. Recommendations for research training are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Researcher Mobility,Research Groups,Research Funding,Science-Industry Technology Transfer,Academic Careers |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:15050&r=all |
| By: | Joerg Baten; Nicola Bianchi; Petra Moser |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates whether compulsory licensing – which allows governments to license patents without the consent of patent-owners – discourages invention. Our analysis exploits new historical data on German patents to examine the effects of compulsory licensing under the US Trading-with-the-Enemy Act on invention in Germany. We find that compulsory licensing was associated with a 28 percent increase in invention. Historical evidence indicates that, as a result of war-related demands, fields with licensing were negatively selected, so OLS estimates may underestimate the positive effects of compulsory licensing on future inventions. |
| JEL: | N3 N32 N34 O3 O34 O38 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:21442&r=all |
| By: | Mark Boden (European Commission, JRC-IPTS); Elisabetta Marinelli (European Commission, JRC-IPTS); Karel Haegeman (European Commission, JRC-IPTS); Patrice Dos Santos (European Commission, JRC-IPTS) |
| Abstract: | At the core of regional smart specialisation strategies (RIS3) is the bottom-up identification of a limited set of priorities for which regions think they have potential to obtain a comparative advantage. For setting such priorities entrepreneurs are in the driver seat, by identifying business opportunities together with other research and innovation actors. Such process, also referred to as an entrepreneurial process of discovery (EDP), has been widely described in theory, but reported experiences on its implementation are scarce. This policy brief takes stock of a novel experience on implementing an EDP process in the Greek region of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, drawing on practices from a European Parliament Preparatory Action through which the Knowledge for Growth Unit of the JRC-IPTS has been engaged in the refinement and implementation of a RIS3 strategy in this region. The region one of poorest regions in Europe and was heavily hit by the crisis. The challenge of implementation of a RIS3 strategy in this context offers lessons not only for the region itself but also for other convergence regions in Greece and Europe. |
| Keywords: | Smart Specialisation, ERDF, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Entrepreneurial Discover Process. |
| JEL: | I20 O30 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc96584&r=all |
| By: | Marie Delaplace (LAB'URBA - LAB'URBA - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - Institut d'Urbanisme de Paris (IUP)); Francesca Pagliara (University of Naples Federico II Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering); Anne Aguilera (LVMT UMR T9403 - Laboratoire Ville, Mobilité, Transport - IFSTTAR - Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - PRES Université Paris-Est) |
| Abstract: | Major investments on High Speed Rail (HSR) systems have been carried out all over the world. The existing and planned lines generate many expectations in served cities in terms of economic growth. In particular, HSR is intended to increase the number of business travellers and to foster economic activity by encouraging the development of offices in and around the railway stations. Using innovation service theories, we show that HSR service can be analysed as service innovations. Based on the case study of France and Italy, we sustain that these innovations can be of interest of both public and private actors in terms of urban renewal. We show that, in these two countries, there is the same kind of "behaviour" with respect to these innovations in terms of producing temporary office spaces in and around rail stations. The result is that HSR stations become working spaces and therefore important "places". |
| Date: | 2014–04–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01098709&r=all |
| By: | KAWAHAMA Noboru |
| Abstract: | The number of disputes relating to standard essential patents (SEPs), in which patent holders submit statements to commit to granting licenses on a fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) basis, have increased. The exercise of SEPs tends to cause problems such as hold-ups and royalty stacking and needs to be constrained somehow. Despite wide recognition of the need to address these problems, devising measures to resolve the issue has not been an easy task since various laws and principles are involved. These include patent and competition laws, as well as the opaque nature of the patent policies adopted by standard-setting organizations in light of relevant contract laws. The Intellectual Property High Court of Japan's decision in the Apple vs. Samsung case on May 16, 2014 provided partial solutions with regards to patent and contract law. However, problems have remained in the field of competition law, such as the question of how the exercise of patents charged with a FRAND commitment needs to be regulated under competition law. In this paper, the author first examines standard setting activities in light of competition law and then assesses the role of FRAND commitments in the standard-setting process. Based on this analysis, the baseline by which reasonable royalty rates should be calculated under competition law is clarified. This is followed by a proposal of an analytical framework for abusive conduct that departs from the above-prescribed baseline and appears to be—or clearly constitutes—a violation of competition law. |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:rdpsjp:15043&r=all |
| By: | Myriam Matray (EVS - UMR 5600 Environnement Ville Société - ENSAL - Ecole nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne - CNRS - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon); Jacques Poisat (EVS - UMR 5600 Environnement Ville Société - ENSAL - Ecole nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon - Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne - CNRS - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE] - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon) |
| Abstract: | Coming from civil society and entrepreneurial processes in a bottom-up strategy, territorial clusters of economic cooperation (inspired by french economic clusters) could hardly emerge and develop separately from public institutions. The approach by local collective strategies shows indeed that citizens’ and institutional processes combine to create groups of social actors. But such governance is not obvious, needs to be organized, taking into account the purposes, constraints, means of each stakeholder and in compliance with the necessary but relative autonomy of each of them. The roannaise initiative, POLLENS, highlights the many practical forms that the involvement of public institutions can take in the development of a social cluster, and shows the strategic importance to reach agreements, both for social economy and local public institutions. |
| Abstract: | Inspirés des pôles de compétitivité mais émanant de la société civile et de dynamiques entrepreneuriales, dans une logique ascendante, les Pôles territoriaux de coopération économique pourraient difficilement émerger et se développer totalement à l’écart des pouvoirs publics. L’approche par les stratégies collectives locales montre, en effet, que les processus citoyens et institutionnels se combinent pour faire émerger des collectifs. Mais une telle gouvernance ne va pas de soi, nécessite d’être construite et organisée, en tenant compte des objectifs, contraintes, moyens de chaque partie prenante et dans le respect de la nécessaire, mais relative, autonomie de chacune d’elles. L’initiative roannaise, POLLENS, met en lumière les nombreuses formes concrètes que peut prendre l’implication des institutions publiques dans l’émergence, le fonctionnement et le développement d’un pôle et montre l’intérêt stratégique, tant pour l’économie solidaire que pour les élus locaux, de réussir ces articulations-ajustements. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00992994&r=all |
| By: | Jean-Luc Gaffard (OFCE - OFCE - Sciences Po); Lionel Nesta (OFCE - OFCE - Sciences Po) |
| Abstract: | Real divergences in economic performances that emerge between countries belonging to the Eurozone make it necessary to define an economic policy oriented towards a re-industrialization of some regions in Europe. In a world characterized by irreversibility of investment and imperfection of market information, supply-side reforms should consist in establishing a framework aimed at supporting both competition and cooperation between the various players of innovation, and thus allowing firm strategies to be successful. This requires reconsidering both national and European policies that are growth-enhancing, that is, industrial policy, competition policy, labour policy, regional policy, and banking policy. However, any change in the industrial landscape in Europe will only be possible if a new macroeconomic policy prevents the inappropriate destruction of productive capacities. 1. A |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01053900&r=all |
| By: | Huminston, Glenda |
| Keywords: | Agricultural and Food Policy, Risk and Uncertainty, |
| Date: | 2015–02–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:usao15:204995&r=all |
| By: | Acs, Zoltan J. (London School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper recasts Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century in light of Acs’ Why Philanthropy Matters: How the Wealthy Give and What It Means for Our Economic Well-Being. Philanthropy matters in this debate because, as moral capital, philanthropy offers an alternative solution to the Piketty conundrum, and it does so without relying exclusively on a wealth tax and government intervention. Moral capital over the centuries strengthened both capitalism and democracy by investing in opportunity (slavery, suffrage and civil rights), which in turn leads to long-term economic growth and greater equality. By focusing on university research—which is critical in promoting technological innovation, economic equality, and economic security—that creates a large, well-functioning middle class (The Economist, March 2015), moral capital represents the missing link in the theory of capitalism development. |
| Keywords: | philanthropy; competition; education; opportunity; entrepreneurship; innovation; inequality; Piketty |
| JEL: | J24 L26 O20 P16 |
| Date: | 2015–08–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0418&r=all |
| By: | David Alis (Marketing et Management - CREM - Centre de Recherche en Economie et Management - CNRS - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie - UR1 - Université de Rennes 1); Maurice Baslé (Economie industrielle et économie comportementale - CREM - Centre de Recherche en Economie et Management - CNRS - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie - UR1 - Université de Rennes 1); Aziz Mouline (HEC Montréal - HEC MONTRÉAL, CREM - Centre de Recherche en Economie et Management - CNRS - Université de Caen Basse-Normandie - UR1 - Université de Rennes 1) |
| Abstract: | La loi n° 2007-1199 du 10 août 2007 relative aux Libertés et Responsabilités des Universités a fixé aux universités une mission d’orientation et d’insertion professionnelle pour qu’elles accompagnent leurs étudiants jusqu’au monde du travail. Cette loi prévoit la création au sein de chaque université d’un Bureau d’Aide à l’Insertion Professionnelle (BAIP).Ainsi, en sus du comportement d’exploitation qui vise l’efficience dans les champs de prédilections des universités (formation et recherche), les universités s’adaptent en choisissant des objectifs stratégiques supplémentaires (la valorisation et l’insertion professionnelle) en explorant (March, 1991) et en apprenant à mettre en place les moyens de les réaliser en s’appuyant sur l’expérimentation de nouvelles activités. Nous postulons ici que ce faisant, les universités rentrent dans la catégorie des organisations ambidextres (Tushman et O’Reilly, 1996, 2004, 2013) qui veulent « jouer sur les deux tableaux » avec les risques afférents (déstabilisation de l’organigramme par exemple).Notre recherche s’appuie ainsi sur la théorie des organisations ambidextres appliquée aux universités dans le cadre d’un programme ambitieux d’insertion professionnelle que nous avons mis en place. Nous utilisons les concepts d’ambidextrie structurelle et de structure duale qui se révèlent pertinents pour l’étude de cas d’une organisation universitaire.L’évaluation de ce cas de transition d’apprentissage ou innovation organisationnelle a utilisé plusieurs outils : une approche quantitative longitudinale (passations à plusieurs reprises de questionnaires en ligne auprès des 1500 étudiants inscrits en masters scientifiques) et une approche qualitative plus centrée sur la mise en œuvre des réalisations innovantes. |
| Date: | 2014–11–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01088163&r=all |
| By: | Jean-Luc Gaffard (OFCE - OFCE - Sciences Po); Lionel Nesta (OFCE - OFCE - Sciences Po) |
| Abstract: | Les divergences réelles de performances économiques entre les pays de la zone euro rendent nécessaire de définir une politique économique orientée vers la ré-industrialisation de certaines régions en Europe. Dans un monde caractérisé par l'irréversibilité des investissements et l'imperfection des informations de marché, les réformes structurelles devraient consister à établir un ensemble de mesures destinées à soutenir à la fois la concurrence et la coopération entre les différents acteurs de l'innovation, et de permettre la réussite des stratégies des entreprises. Cela requiert de reconsidérer les politiques nationales et européennes de soutien à la croissance, c'est-à-dire, la politique industrielle, la politique de la concurrence, la politique du marché du travail, la politique régionale, la politique financière. Cependant, un changement du paysage industriel de l'Europe ne sera possible qu'à la condition qu'une nouvelle politique macroéconomique prévienne la destruction inappropriée de capacités productives. |
| Date: | 2014–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00991183&r=all |
| By: | Juniper, James (The University of Newcastle, Newcastle Business School) |
| Abstract: | The paper extends Foucault’s analysis of neoliberalism in The Birth of Biopolitics. More specifically, I construct and defend an anti-Husserlian approach to the labour process with the objective of investigating how collectively generated forms of intellectual labour have been appropriated under capitalist relations of production. I also interrogate the way that different notions of (computational) applied ontology influence both the nature of and our very conception of social creativity. What, quite wrongly, has been thought of in Spinoza as pantheism is simply the reduction of the field of God to the universality of the signifier, which produces a serene, exceptional detachment from human desire. In so far as Spinoza says—desire is the essence of man, and in the radical dependence of the universality of the divine attributes, which is possible only through the function of the signifier, in so far as he does this, he obtains that unique position by which the philosopher—and it is no accident that it is a Jew detached from his tradition who embodies it—may be confused with a transcendent love. This position is not tenable for us. Experience shows us that Kant is more true, and I have proved that his theory of consciousness, when he writes of practical reason, is sustained only by giving a specification of the moral law which, looked at more closely, is simply desire in its pure state, that very desire that culminates in sacrifice, strictly speaking, of everything that is the object of love in one’s human tenderness—I would say, not only in the rejection of the pathological object, but also in its sacrifice and murder. That is why I wrote Kant avec Sade. (Lacan, 1979: 275-6) But it is like the story of the Resistance fighters who, wanting to destroy a pylon, balanced the plastic charges so well that the pylon blew up and fell back into its hole. From the Symbolic to the Imaginary, from castration to Oedipus, and from the despotic age to capitalism, inversely, there is the progress leading to the withdrawal of the overseeing and overcoding object from on high, which gives way to a social field of immanence where the decoded flows produce images and level them down. Whence the two aspects of the signifier: a barred transcendent signifier taken in a maximum that distributes lack, and an immanent system of relations between minimal elements that come to fill the uncovered field (somewhat similar in traditional terms to the way one goes from Parmenidean Being to the atoms of Democritus). (Deleuze and Guattari,1987: 290-1). Marx was vexed by the bourgeois character of the American working class. But it turned out that the prosperous Americans were merely showing the way for the British and the French and the Japanese. The universal class into which we are merging is not the revolutionary proletariat but the innovative bourgeoisie. (McClosky, D. 2009) |
| Keywords: | Neoliberalism; Applied ontology; Digitization; Creativity; Foucault |
| JEL: | B24 B51 E11 L14 L86 O34 P11 P14 P16 P26 Z11 Z18 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbz:nbsuon:2015_2&r=all |
| By: | Jackie Krafft (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis); Sebastien Lechevalier (CCJ - Chine, Corée, Japon - CNRS - UP7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales); Francesco Quatraro (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - CNRS - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis); Cornelia Storz (Goethe University Frankfurt - Department of Money and Macroeconomics) |
| Abstract: | In this introduction, we review the arguments that underpin the rationale for the special section, and provide a structured sequence for the contents of the six selected papers that comprise the section. |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01076410&r=all |
| By: | Mueller, Matthias; Bogner, Kristina; Buchmann, Tobias; Kudic, Muhamed |
| Abstract: | In our work we adopt a structural perspective and apply an agent-based simulation approach to analyse knowledge diffusion processes in four structurally distinct networks. The aim of this paper is to gain an in-depth understanding of how network characteristics, such as path length, cliquishness and the distribution and asymmetry of degree centrality affect the knowledge distribution properties of the system. Our results show - in line with the results of Cowan and Jonard (2007) - that an asymmetric or skewed degree distribution actually can have a negative impact on a network's knowledge diffusion performance in case of a barter trade knowledge diffusion process. Their key argument is that stars rapidly acquire so much knowledge that they interrupt the trading process at an early stage, which finally disconnects the network. However, our findings reveal that stars cannot be the sole explanation for negative effects on the diffusion properties of a network. In contrast, interestingly and quite surprisingly, our simulation results led to the conclusion that in particular very small, inadequately embedded agents can be a bottleneck for the efficient diffusion of knowledge throughout the networks. |
| Keywords: | innovation networks,knowledge diffusion,agent-based simulation,scale free networks,Netzwerk,Simulation,Wissen |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:hohdps:052015&r=all |
| By: | Balkenhol, Bernd; Gloukoviezoff, Georges |
| Keywords: | 1, 2 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ilo:ilowps:488350&r=all |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (East Asia Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (East Asia Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has adopted a more market-oriented approach by promoting rural microfinance, pursuing bottom-up innovations such as group lending, various forms of guarantees, new financial products based on purchase orders and insurance policies, and better incentives for agriculture funding from financial institutions. In 2009, the PRC sought the assistance of the Asian Development Bank to study how to optimize policy choices in rural finance using both top-down and bottom-up approaches. This report presents the findings of that rural microfinance study, including valuable lessons learned from several pilot microlending programs conducted in selected provinces in the PRC. It then analyzes outstanding issues in the country’s rural and microfinance markets that need to be addressed more vigorously. |
| Keywords: | People's Republic of China, Microfinance, Rural Finance, Financial Innovation, Rural Financial Market, Rural Financial Institution, Rural Financial Supervision, MSE Finance, Rural Financing Difficulty, Chanyeyuan, Value Chain, Cooperative Financing, Mutual Aid Fund, Microfinance Development, Agriculture Loan, Poverty Reduction |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt135633-2&r=all |
| By: | Caselli, Francesco |
| Abstract: | The baby-boom cycle has caused very large swings in the relative supply of experienced workers (first a large decline, and then a large increase). Yet, the experience premium has failed to decline markedly in the period where the supply of experience has increased. I develop a methodology to estimate the increase in the relative demand for experience that is required to reconcile the behavor of prices and quantities, and show this to have been large - a phenomenon I dub experience-biased technical change. I conjecture that one of the drivers of experience-biased technical change is a decline in the relative demand for physical strength. In support this conjecture, I show that occupations requiring high or moderate physical strength have accounted for a declining share of weeks worked in the economy, with sedentary occupations experiencing a corresponding increase. I also confirm that older workers have a comparative disadvantage in occupations requiring physical strength. |
| Keywords: | Baby boom; Experience Premium; Technical change |
| JEL: | J01 |
| Date: | 2015–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:10752&r=all |
| By: | Amélie Notais (RITM - Réseaux Innovation Territoires et Mondialisation - UP11 - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11); Julie Tixier (IRG - Institut de Recherche en Gestion - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée) |
| Abstract: | Le développement de l’entrepreneuriat social des femmes dans les quartiers dits sensibles ou prioritaires représente un enjeu sociétal majeur. Plus qu’un challenge, c’est bien souvent une utopie qui se dessine quand on recoupe ces thèmes car l’entrepreneuriat féminin révèle des spécificités, des singularités qui s’avèrent souvent des handicaps (Cornet et Constantinidis, 2004). Ce constat est ici pris à contre-pied en s’appuyant sur les travaux d’Alter (2012). Cet auteur propose dans son ouvrage, La force de la différence, une thèse intéressante. A partir des itinéraires de patrons atypiques, il tente de comprendre comment les « différents » parviennent à « transformer l’identité pour soi en identité sociale, ce qui suppose de reconnaître sa différence, de la faire accepter par les normaux et les autres différents. » (Alter, 2012, p. 38). Il démontre la possibilité d’inverser et de réinventer son destin, d’échapper aux mécanismes de reproduction et/ou de discrimination. Il creuse ainsi l’idée que sous certaines conditions, la différence peut devenir une force. C’est dans cet esprit que cette recherche s’intéresse à des entrepreneurs « différents ». Différents puisque ce sont des femmes (souvent issues de l’immigration), qui vivent dans des quartiers et souhaitent y entreprendre autrement. Les récits de vie de six femmes engagent une réflexion pour mieux saisir leur intention d’entreprendre socialement. Plusieurs questions se posent alors. Cette intention entrepreneuriale présente- t-elle des spécificités ? L’analyse de ces spécificités pourrait-elle guider un mode d’accompagnement adapté à la création d’entreprise sociale ? Après une revue de littérature sur les trois sources de spécificités/différences de ces entrepreneures, un cadre conceptuel et des descripteurs opérationnels de l’intention entrepreneuriale sont proposés. Ce cadre est confronté aux récits de vie de six femmes rencontrées au coeur de « la Cité des 4000 » de la Courneuve. Leurs histoires témoignent d’un désir d’émancipation économique et de motivations sociales profondément ancrées dans leur territoire. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01127823&r=all |
| By: | Dr. Ulrike Lehr (GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research); Anne Nieters (GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research); Thomas Drosdowski (GWS - Institute of Economic Structures Research) |
| Abstract: | Although climate change is a global challenge, its effects occur locally and differ by region. A feasible adaptation strategy needs to assess regional damages and their socio-economic effects. For Germany, the largest threat comes from extreme weather events, which will impact residential and commercial buildings, infrastructure and in the case of heat waves will limit labor productivity. This paper presents findings from a study of economic effects of climate change adaptation until the year 2050 in Germany on different scales. In particular, the authors have applied an input-output-based macroeconometric model, adjusting it to cope with the challenges of damages from heat waves, and river flood events, by integrating suitable adaptation measures to such events into the model. Infrastructure damages, shifts from domestic production to imports, and low levels of productivity due to heat waves, are some of the topics the paper deals with. Comparing scenarios with (a) integrated extreme weather events and (b) adaptation measures with a reference scenario without extreme weather or adaptation, the simulation results reveal slightly negative effects on economic sectors and Germany’s economy as a whole. These effects intensify over time and hurt the economy. Adaptation measures reduce the damages and pay off, but the economy is still worse off with climate change. |
| Keywords: | extreme weather events, heat wave, river flood, adaptation |
| JEL: | Q54 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gws:dpaper:15-10&r=all |
| By: | Jean-Claude Pacitto (UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12); Jacques Arlotto (Audencia Recherche - Audencia); Thierry Fabiani (LISA - Lieux, Identités, eSpaces, Activités - Université Pascal Paoli - CNRS); Philippe Jourdan (UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12) |
| Abstract: | Afin d’expliquer la vitalité entrepreneuriale observable dans certains pays et son absence dans d’autres, on a beaucoup mobilisé ces dernières années le paradigme culturel. A la suite des travaux d’Hofstede consacrés aux cultures nationales et à la mise en évidence de dimensions constitutives de celles-ci, on en est venu à penser que certaines cultures étaient plus enclines à favoriser l’entrepreneuriat que d’autres. A contrario certaines cultures apparaissent comme des freins au développement de l’entrepreneuriat. De fait, beaucoup de travaux ont révélé un lien évident entre la culture et les aptitudes entrepreneuriales. Toutefois, d’autres travaux ont tendu ces dernières années à relativiser l’impact de la culture sur le dynamisme entrepreneurial en révélant par exemple l’importance des variables institutionnelles. Si on ne saurait exclure par principe l’aspect culturel de la vitalité entrepreneuriale, un examen attentif des situations montre que la culture peut en effet influer sur la vitalité entrepreneuriale mais à certaines conditions et dans certains contextes. Dans cette perspective, il n’y a aucun déterminisme dans le déclin entrepreneurial d’un pays, tout dépendant en dernier lieu de la volonté des différents acteurs concernés d’établir des « règles du jeu » (Baumol) susceptibles de rendre effectif, sur le long terme, l’essor entrepreneurial. C’est en révélant ces contextes que l’on sera le mieux à même de mettre à jour les mécanismes qui font qu’à un moment un pays est plus entreprenant qu’un autre. A vouloir trop simplifier les phénomènes étudiés, on risque de légitimer l’inaction, car comment changer une culture ? De ce point de vue, il est à penser qu’une interprétation abusive du travail de Max Weber sur l’éthique protestante a débouché sur des résultats quelque peu contre-productifs. De ce point de vue, une relecture critique de ce travail pionnier s’impose aussi. Ce travail permettra de mieux resituer le rôle joué par les valeurs, en tentant d’éviter le double écueil de la sur-estimation et celui de la sous-estimation voire de la négation. Le détour par l’histoire est de ce point de vue indispensable. En effet, seul un examen attentif des situations permet de mieux comprendre les mécanismes explicatifs du dynamisme entrepreneurial. On se rend compte dès lors que si la culture a pu jouer un rôle, ce n’est qu’à certaines conditions, ce qu’ont montré d’ailleurs de très nombreux travaux qui ont examiné la relation culture/capitalisme à la suite de Weber. Ces travaux ont le mérite de resituer dans toute sa complexité la problématique du lien entre culture et capitalisme et par là entre culture et entrepreneuriat. Dans cette perspective, aucune culture n’est en soi favorable ou défavorable à l’entrepreneuriat. Il importe donc de bien saisir les phénomènes d’interaction qui font qu’à un moment donné une culture peut favoriser l’entrepreneuriat et à un autre le freiner. Il importe aussi de bien comprendre le caractère ambivalent des cultures et le fait que celles-ci recèlent des valeurs qui sont selon les contextes des freins à l’activité entrepreneuriale autant que des moteurs comme par exemple la propension à l’individualisme. |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01132933&r=all |
| By: | Berangere Szostak (COACTIS - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2); Saïd Yahiaoui, (COACTIS - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2); Yasmine Boughzala, (URGE - University of Sfax, Tunisia, Université de Sfax, Tunisie) |
| Abstract: | Cette journée de recherche a pour objectif de rassembler des chercheurs en Sciences de Gestion sur un des thèmes majeurs de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire, à savoir le développement des outils de gestion pour gérer les organisations mais aussi développer de nouvelles formes d’entrepreneuriat. Aujourd’hui les valeurs caractéristiques de l’ESS, à savoir « solidarité, collectif, humain, valeur, coopératif, équipe, développement », sont de plus en plus proposées comme une autre direction à adopter dans les organisations existantes et à créer, sans oublier la nécessité de les articuler à celles du système économique dominant que l’on peut résumer par les mots « technique, investir, capital, épargner, professionnalisation ». Ainsi, les organisations de l’ESS et les acteurs de l’entreprendre autrement ont à concilier, voire jongler entre ces deux registres lors de la conception et/ou appropriation d’outils de gestion. Quelles formes prennent ces outils ? Quels sont les enjeux pour les différentes populations d’acteurs en présence relevant de la structure politique et administrative de l’économie sociale ? Quels sont les impacts d’un mouvement de la société, tels que « Le Printemps du Jasmin », sur les outils de gestion dans l’économie solidaire ? Cette journée de recherche propose alors de discuter ces points avec des acteurs de l’ESS et des chercheurs afin de faire émerger des questions de recherche plus spécifiques à instruire dans les prochains mois. PROGRAMME ET INTERVENANTS : Revue de la littérature sur les outils de gestion dans l’ESS par Bérangère Szostak (Laboratoire Coactis, Université Lyon 2), Saïd Yahiaoui (Laboratoire Coactis, Université Lyon 2), Sébastien Diné (Laboratoire Coactis, Université St-Etienne) Entreprendre autrement en Tunisie après le printemps arabe, par Yasmine Boughzala (URGE, Institut Supérieur du Transport et de la Logistique de Sousse et Institut Supérieur de Gestion de Tunis) et Zohra Bousnina (Unité de recherche en finance et stratégie des affaires, Institut Supérieur de Gestion de Tunis) Le cas de la boucle téléphonique au sein de la MAIF, par Emilie Lanciano, Hubert Séran (Laboratoire Coactis, Université Lyon 2) Performances économiques et sociales : théories et application à « l’ISO 26000 de territoire », par Hervé Defalvard (Laboratoire Erudite, Chaire ESS-UPEM, Université Paris-Marne-La-Vallée) Séance de travail en sous-groupe •Atelier 1 : Les outils de gestion pour la population des militants, présidé par Sébastien Diné, Alexandrine Lapoutte (Laboratoire Coactis, Université Lyon 2) et Christophe Everaere (Laboratoire Magellan, Université Lyon 3) •Atelier 2 : Quel écosystème pour l’impulsion de l’entrepreneuriat social ? Quels enjeux socio-économiques ? Comment sensibiliser les entrepreneurs autour d’un projet social ?, présidés par Yasmine Boughzala et Séverine Saleilles (Laboratoire Coactis, Université Lyon 2). |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01102517&r=all |