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on Innovation |
| By: | Johansson, Börje (CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology); Lööf, Hans (CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates how a firm’s R&D strategy influences the firm performance as measured by productivity and profitability. A formal production model is introduced to define and interpret alternative ways of measuring the impact of R&D. Studying 1,767 randomly selected firms from the Swedish manufacturing sector, the main findings are: (i) firms which apply persistent R&D perform better than firms with occasional as well as no R&D, (ii) occasional R&D is associated with lower performance than no R&D, and (iii) in quantile regressions the positive effect from R&D persistency is lacking for low productivity firms (lowest quartile) indicating a non-linear response. Moreover, the analysis recognises the different roles of ordinary and knowledge labour in production when specifying alternative performance measures and when identifying knowledge labour as a firm’s R&D capacity, which has a highly significant impact on firm performance. Introducing a formal production model in order to define and interpret alternative ways of measuring the impact of R&D, we apply simple ordinary OLS and quantile regressions on the economic model for analyzing the importance for a particular R&D strategy on firms’ productivity and profitability. To the best of our knowledge, we believe that the main findings of the analysis make contributions to the R&D literature. |
| Keywords: | R&D; productivity; profit; innovation; production analysis |
| JEL: | L19 O33 |
| Date: | 2008–12–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0156&r=ino |
| By: | Jarno Hoekman (Urban & Regional research centre Utrecht (URU), Utrecht University - The Netherlands); Koen Frenken (Urban & Regional research centre Utrecht (URU), Utrecht University - The Netherlands); Frank van Oort (Netherlands Institute for Spatial Research (RPB)- The Netherlands) |
| Abstract: | The geography of innovation traditionally concentrates on localised knowledge spillovers, yet neglects collaboration networks as a means to access knowledge outside the region. Using publication and patent data for 1316 regions in the EU27 plus Norway and Switzerland, we find that both localised knowledge spillovers and the knowledge spillovers stemming from collaboration affect the innovative performance of regions. The results provide support for EU policies aimed at creating European collaboration networks. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge Production Function, Spillovers, Collaboration, Networks, European Research Area, Publication, Patent, Public Good |
| JEL: | C21 O30 O33 O52 R11 |
| Date: | 2008–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cri:cespri:wp222&r=ino |
| By: | Fabrizi, Simona (Massey University Auckland); Lippert, Steffen (Massey University Auckland); Norbäck, Peh (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)); Persson, Lars (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we construct a model in which entrepreneurial innovations are sold into oligopolistic industries and where adverse selection problems between entrepreneurs, venture capitalists and incumbents are present. We show that as exacerbated development by better-informed venture-backed rms is used as a signal to enhance the sale price of developed innovations, venture capitalists must be sufciently more ecient in selecting innovative projects than incumbents in order to exist in equilibrium. Otherwise, incumbents undertake early preemptive, acquisitions to prevent the venture-backed rms' signaling-driven investment, despite the risk of buying a bad innovation. We nally show at what point the presence of active venture capitalists increases the incentives for entrepreneurial innovations. |
| Keywords: | Venture Capitalists; Innovation; Entrepreneurs; Signaling; Development; |
| JEL: | C70 D21 D82 G24 L20 M13 O30 |
| Date: | 2008–11–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:0776&r=ino |
| By: | Pablo D'Este (SPRU, University of Sussex & School of Management, Cranfield University); Simona Iammarino (SPRU, University of Sussex); Maria Savona (SPRU, University of Sussex & Faculty of Economics & Social Sciences,University of Science & Technology Lille); Nick von Tunzelmann (SPRU, University of Sussex) |
| Keywords: | barriers to innovation, innovative firms, non-innovators |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O33 |
| Date: | 2008–01–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:168&r=ino |
| By: | Ingrid Ott; Christian Papilloud; Torben Zülsdorf |
| Abstract: | Nanotechnologies are expected to be the dominant general purpose technology of the next decades. Their market potential is immense and especially demand side arguments will have far reaching consequences for innovations. They may occur as increased miniaturization or via building completely new products, processes or services. Innovations in the field of nanotechnologies do not only affect productivity in downstream sectors but these feed back to nanotechnologies thereby inducing circles of continuing innovation. Demand for nanocomponents mainly arises by firms while private demand is assigned to final products, processes or services that are augmented by nanotechnologies. Due to the technology’s controversial character, the consumer’s attitude towards risk and technology affects private demand and this may either spur or hamper innovation. The paper aims to unravel how these complex interdependencies and feedback mechanisms affect overall innovation that is induced by nanotechnologies and how this on its part affects further improvements of nanotechnologies |
| Keywords: | general purpose technologies,, controversial technologies,, determinants of innovation |
| JEL: | O33 Z13 |
| Date: | 2008–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kie:kieliw:1455&r=ino |
| By: | Matias Ramirez (SPRU, University of Sussex); Xibao Li (School of Economics & Management, Tsinghua University) |
| Keywords: | learning, China, knowledge work, knowledge transfer |
| JEL: | D83 J24 |
| Date: | 2008–01–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:174&r=ino |
| By: | Aldo Geuna (SPRU, University of Sussex & Department of Economics S. Cognetti de Martiis, University of Turin); Alessandro Muscio (GRIF, Università Luiss Guido Carli) |
| Keywords: | European Universities, Knowledge Transfer, Governance, Intellectual Property, Knowledge Transfer Organization |
| JEL: | I23 O3 |
| Date: | 2008–01–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:173&r=ino |
| By: | Elisa Giuliani (Dipartimento di Economia Aziendale, Pisa University - Italy and SPRU, University of Sussex); Andrea Morrison (Department of Economic Geography, Utrecht University and CESPRI Bocconi University, Milan - Italy); Carlo Pietrobelli (CREI, Università Roma Tre, Roma - Italy); Roberta Rabellotti (Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Metodi Quantitativi, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara - Italy) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the determinants of the linkages between industry and research organizations – including universities. We present new evidence on three wine producing areas – Piedmont, a region of Italy, Chile, South Africa - that have successfully reacted to the recent structural changes experienced in the industry worldwide. Based on an original dataset, we carry out an econometric exercise to study the microeconomic determinants of researchers’ collaborations with industry. The evidence reveals that individual researcher characteristics, such as embeddedness in the academic system, age and sex, matter more than their publishing record or formal degrees |
| Keywords: | University-Industry Linkages, Innovation System, Wine Sector, Emerging Economies |
| JEL: | O30 O38 O13 |
| Date: | 2008–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cri:cespri:wp217&r=ino |