Abstract: |
What explains the location of industrial innovation? Economists have
traditionally attempted to answer this question by studying firm-external
knowledge spillovers. This paper shows that firm-internal linkages between
production and R&D play an equally important role. I estimate an R&D location
choice model that predicts patents by a firm in a location from R&D
productivity and costs. Focusing on large R&D-performing firms in the chemical
industry, an average-sized plant raises the firm’s R&D productivity in the
metropolitan area by about 2.5 times. The elasticity of R&D productivity with
respect to the firm’s production workers is almost as large as the elasticity
with respect to total patents in the MSA, while proximity to academic R&D has
no significant effect on R&D productivity in this sample. Other manufacturing
industries exhibit similar results. My results cast doubt on the
frequently-held view that a country can divest itself of manufacturing and
specialize in innovation alone. |