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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Lasha Chochua; Irene Iodice |
| Abstract: | Do countries gain more by liberalizing trade together than alone? To answer this question, we study the 2015 Phase II expansion of the Information Technology Agreement (ITA), which eliminated tariffs on products covering over 12% of world trade. Market access rose by 4–6%. Nearly half of this effect reflects coordination spillovers — the extra gains from simultaneous liberalization — outweighing the roles of direct tariff cuts and reduced policy uncertainty. Exploiting quasi-experimental variation in the number of countries liberalizing each product, we show spillovers are positive once coalitions span about two-thirds of world imports — below the commonly assumed 80% critical-mass benchmark for plurilaterals. These findings show that joint liberalization yields benefits beyond the sum of individual actions — evidence of the force of many |
| Keywords: | plurilateral agreements, MFN liberalization, trade policy uncertainty, coordination spillovers, critical mass, onformation technology agreement |
| JEL: | F13 F14 F15 F53 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_12125 |
| By: | Ibrahim Kholilul Rohman (Indonesia Financial Group Progress (IFG Progress) and School of Strategic and Global Studies, Universitas Indonesia); Mohammad Marza Naufal (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia); Ibrahim Naufal (Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia) |
| Abstract: | This paper aims to assess ongoing advancements in the telecommunications sector in Indonesia, elucidating strengths and weaknesses and offering policy recommendations. The telecommunications industry continues to grapple with challenges such as heavy reliance on imported equipment; pricing issues, particularly at the wholesale level; spectrum management concerns; and ensuring equitable access in addressing the digital divide. To address these challenges, it is imperative to formulate policies that guarantee equitable access and utilisation at affordable pricing, requiring enhanced market conduct and pricing mechanisms. Furthermore, incentivising operators to extend coverage to underserved areas is crucial, given the existing supply constraints in such regions. |
| Keywords: | Telecommunications; ICT for development; digital divide |
| JEL: | L96 N75 O14 |
| Date: | 2025–08–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:dp-2025-06 |
| By: | Yundan Guo; Han Liang; Li Shen |
| Abstract: | Against the backdrop of rapid technological advancement and the deepening digital economy, this study examines the causal impact of digital transformation on corporate financial asset allocation in China. Using data from A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2022, we construct a firm-level digitalization index based on text analysis of annual reports and differentiate financial asset allocation into long-term and short-term dimensions. Employing fixed-effects models and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) design, we find that digital transformation significantly promotes corporate financial asset allocation, with a more pronounced effect on short-term than long-term allocations. Mechanism analyses reveal that digitalization operates through dual channels: broadening investment avenues and enhancing information processing capabilities. Specifically, it enables firms to allocate long-term high-yield financial instruments, thereby optimizing the maturity structure of assets, while also improving information efficiency, curbing inefficient investments, and reallocating capital toward more productive financial assets. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that firms in non-eastern regions, state-owned enterprises, and larger firms are more responsive in short-term allocation, whereas eastern regions, non-state-owned enterprises, and small and medium-sized enterprises benefit more in long-term allocation. Our findings provide micro-level evidence and mechanistic insights into how digital transformation reshapes corporate financial decision-making, offering important implications for both policymakers and firms. |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2509.09095 |
| By: | Fernandez Machado Roxana (European Commission - JRC); Amaral-garcia Sofia (European Commission - JRC); Duch Brown Nestor (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | Artificial Intelligence is driving digital transformation, with Generative AI (GenAI) emerging as a transformative innovation. In mid-2023, the European Commission launched GPT@JRC, an in-house tool, enabling safe, privacy-compliant experimentation with GenAI across EU bodies. GPT@JRC is mainly used for text enhancement and learning, with users reporting gains in productivity and output quality. Time savings are strongly linked to the effectiveness of prompts, and regular use enhances both efficiency and quality. Older users may perceive fewer benefits compared to their younger counterparts. The main challenges for GPT@JRC include addressing content inconsistencies and improving its features. Employees also stress the need for training, which aligns with the European Commission’s ongoing efforts to develop AI skills among EU workers. |
| Date: | 2025–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc143418 |
| By: | Olivier Arsene (EESC-GEM Grenoble Ecole de Management, CERGAM de Toulon - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille/Equipe de recherche de Toulon - CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon - IAE Toulon - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Toulon - UTLN - Université de Toulon); Claudio Vitari (CERGAM de Toulon - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille/Equipe de recherche de Toulon - CERGAM - Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Gestion d'Aix-Marseille - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - UTLN - Université de Toulon - IAE Toulon - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Toulon - UTLN - Université de Toulon, LEST - Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Healthcare professionals in France face significant challenges, including workforce shortages, rising administrative burdens, and high job demands, which contribute to professional strain and burnout. Health Information Technologies (HIT) have emerged as potential resources to mitigate these stressors by enhancing efficiency and care quality. However, the interplay between job demands and the perceived usefulness of HIT in reducing strain remains underexplored. This study applies the Job Demand-Resource (JD-R) model to healthcare professionals to investigate how job demands influence HIT's ability to function as a perceived useful resource for strain moderation. We hypothesize an inverted U-shaped relationship, where HIT usefulness increases with job demands up to a threshold, beyond which technostress diminishes its benefits. A quantitative survey will assess these dynamics among French healthcare professionals. Findings aim to inform policymakers and developers on designing HIT solutions that effectively support healthcare workers without exacerbating their strain. |
| Keywords: | Strain, French Healthcare, Perceived Usefulness, Job Demand-Resource, Health IT |
| Date: | 2025–08–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:hal-05251766 |