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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Pham, Thi Trang (RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research, Mt Economic Research Inst on Innov/Techn) |
| Abstract: | New developments of existing technologies over time have led to emergent patterns of technology adoption and accordingly changing impacts on economy and society. Focusing on the arrival of mobile Internet in the early 2010s in developing countries, we identified significant positive effects of mobile Internet on provinces’ average household income in Vietnam. The effect sizes are larger for lower-income quintiles groups and for rural areas, suggesting the more inclusive changing impact of the innovation over the last decade. Preliminary evidence of impact mechanisms via skilled employment rates and (formal) wages are also presented. The evidence from Vietnam, a lower middle-income country, can bring further understanding in the extent of development impacts of second-generation mobile for development (M4D 2.0) in particular and ICT for development (ICT4D) in general. |
| JEL: | D31 E20 E24 J24 O30 O53 R50 |
| Date: | 2023–11–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2023042 |
| By: | Damioli, Giacomo; Van Roy, Vincent; Vértesy, Dániel; Vivarelli, Marco |
| Abstract: | Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a transformative innovation with the potential to drive significant economic growth and productivity gains. This study examines whether AI is initiating a technological revolution, signifying a new technological paradigm, using the perspective of evolutionary neo-Schumpeterian economics. Using a global dataset combining information on AI patenting activities and their applicants between 2000 and 2016, our analysis reveals that AI patenting has accelerated and substantially evolved in terms of its pervasiveness, with AI innovators shifting from the ICT core industries to non-ICT service industries over the investigated period. Moreover, there has been a decrease in concentration of innovation activities and a reshuffling in the innovative hierarchies, with innovative entries and young and smaller applicants driving this change. Finally, we find that AI technologies play a role in generating and accelerating further innovations (so revealing to be “enabling technologies”, a distinctive feature of GPTs). All these features have characterised the emergence of major technological paradigms in the past and suggest that AI technologies may indeed generate a paradigmatic shift. |
| JEL: | O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2024–08–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024018 |
| By: | Lema, Rasmus (RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research, Mt Economic Research Inst on Innov/Techn); Perez, Carlota |
| Abstract: | Green is now emerging, albeit not fast enough, as a new direction shaping innovation, investment and lifestyles. Indeed, the requirements of the green transformation give rise to the emergence of entirely new technologies, and it changes the parameters of competitiveness across industry, agriculture and services. These changes have profound implications for latecomer development, both positive and negative. The identification of strategies for seizing opportunities and overcoming challenges in the green economy is a central concern for policy makers and business managers alike. We argue that the theoretical framework of techno-economic paradigms shifts is particularly useful for understanding the dynamics of large-scale transformation and its associated institutional change. To fully grasp the nature of the green transformation, it is necessary to take a step back and locate it in relation to the history of technological revolutions and their regular patterns of diffusion. In this respect, we argue that the ongoing debate about the green transformation and latecomer development must consider two key conditions. First, it must recognize that the green transformation is primarily a direction-driven phenomenon, shaped by aspirational, political, and institutional changes, rather than a technology-driven phenomenon per se. Second, it must acknowledge the potential of information and communication technology (ICT) not only to accelerate and deepen the green transition itself but also to foster latecomer development within it. |
| JEL: | O44 Q55 O38 O33 |
| Date: | 2024–02–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024001 |
| By: | Pham, Thi Trang (RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research, Mt Economic Research Inst on Innov/Techn); Caldarola, Bernardo (RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research, Mt Economic Research Inst on Innov/Techn) |
| Abstract: | While mobile internet diffusion in the last decade has led to significant growth and improvements in household income and employment, much less has been studied on education attainment outcomes, which matter especially for developing countries’ human capital policies for development catch-up. In this paper, we find that 3G internet diffusion improves lower-secondary school attainment but discourages upper-secondary achievement of youth in Viet Nam. We rationalize these findings through an education – employment tradeoff perspective by considering the opportunity costs of schooling vis `a vis employment. We show that the diffusion of fast mobile broadband internet is associated with more job opportunities and reduced returns to schooling during the period 2012-2016 following fast diffusion. Our results offer implications for developing countries’ education and human capital development policies in the age of (mobile) digitalization. |
| JEL: | I25 O33 J13 L96 |
| Date: | 2024–09–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024022 |
| By: | Caldarola, Bernardo (Mt Economic Research Inst on Innov/Techn, RS: GSBE other - not theme-related research); Fontanelli, Luca |
| Abstract: | Recent empirical evidence finds positive associations between digitalisation and industry concentration. However, ICT may not be all alike. We investigate the effect of the purchase of cloud services on the long run size growth rate of French firms. Our findings suggest that cloud services positively impact firm growth rates, with smaller firms experiencing more significant benefits compared to larger firms. This evidence suggests that the diffusion of cloud technologies may help mitigate concentration in the era of the digital transition by favouring the digitalisation and growth of smaller firms, especially when the cloud services provided are more advanced. |
| JEL: | L20 L25 O33 |
| Date: | 2024–09–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:unm:unumer:2024026 |
| By: | Mayer, Pascal |
| Abstract: | This research paper explores the relationship between firm internationalisation and digital resource use. On the one hand, the modularity of digital resources and their applicability in different international contexts provide significant benefits to multinational companies. On the other hand, the complexity of managing digital resources across different institutional systems escalates with rising levels of internationalisation. Because of these competing forces, I argue that the relationship is inversely U-shaped. Additionally, I investigate the moderating effect of firms' financial constraints and conjecture a steepening effect of the inverted Ushape. In my empirical identification strategy, I employ a text-based measure of internationalisation, based on companies' 10-K annual reports, and combine this measure with data on internet and e-commerce technology used by Standard & Poor's 1, 500 firms. The results provide empirical support of an inverse U-shaped relationship and the moderating role of financial constraints. Various robustness tests corroborate the findings. This study contributes to the literature streams of firm internationalisation and information systems research by highlighting the trade-offs faced by MNEs when they "go digital". |
| Abstract: | Diese Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen der Internationalisierung von Unternehmen und der Nutzung digitaler Ressourcen. Einerseits bieten die Modularität digitaler Ressourcen und ihre Anwendbarkeit in verschiedenen internationalen Kontexten erhebliche Vorteile für internationale Unternehmen. Andererseits nimmt die Komplexität der Verwaltung digitaler Ressourcen über verschiedene institutionelle Systeme hinweg mit zunehmenden Internationalisierungsgrad zu. Aufgrund dieser konkurrierenden Kräfte argumentiere ich, dass sich die Beziehung durch ein umgekehrtes U beschreiben lässt. Darüber hinaus untersuche ich die moderierende Wirkung von finanziellen Beschränkungen und vermute eine Streckung des Zusammenhangs. In der empirischen Identifikationsstrategie verwende ich ein textbasiertes Maß zur Messung der Internationalisierung von Unternehmen, das auf 10-K-Jahresberichten US-amerikanischer Unternehmen des S&P 1.500 Index basiert, und kombiniere dieses mit Daten zu Internet- und E-Commerce-Technologien sowie Buchhaltungs- und Finanzkennzahlen. Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die Hypothesen einer umgekehrt U-förmigen Beziehung sowie der Moderation durch finanzielle Beschränkungen. Mehrere Robustheitstests untermauern die Ergebnisse. Diese Studie leistet einen Beitrag zur Literatur im Bereich der Unternehmensinternationalisierung und Informationssysteme, indem sie Zielkonflikte aufzeigt, denen sich multinationale Unternehmen gegenübersehen, wenn sie digitalisieren. |
| Keywords: | Digital Resources, Digital Strategic Initiatives, Financial Constraints, FirmInternationalisation, Multinationals |
| JEL: | F20 F23 M16 O33 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:umiodp:310321 |