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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Soledad Giardili; Sanjay Jain; Amalia R. Miller; Kamalini Ramdas; Alp Sungu |
| Abstract: | We present the first objective evidence on how COVID-19 lockdowns affected internet browser usage in Africa, using detailed digital trace data on PC-based and mobile-based browsing patterns of 316 Kenyans who had access to a PC, covering the period before and during Kenya’s first national COVID-19 curfew that was declared on March 25, 2020. We find that total daily browser usage increased by 41 minutes, or 15 percent of average browsing time, after the curfew started. We find no significant differences in total browsing time during the curfew by gender or by residence in high-speed vs. low-speed broadband access areas. However, we do find gender differences in the content of browsing. Women’s time on YouTube and Netflix exceeded men’s from the start of our sample period, and the gender gap in Netflix browsing increased by 36 minutes daily, corresponding to almost twice the average daily Netflix time in the sample. Men’s browsing became less concentrated during the curfew, across both domains and topics, but women’s did not. The degree of overlap in browsing between men and women also increased, likely due to men visiting sites that were previously exclusively visited by women. Across the entire sample, browsing of Kenyan domains dropped significantly relative to that of non-Kenyan domains, indicating greater reliance on international content during this period of economic and social upheaval. |
| JEL: | D12 L11 L86 O18 |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31997&r=ict |
| By: | Stefano de Marco (CIALE - University of Salamanca); Guillaume Dumont (EM - emlyon business school); Ellen Johanna Helsper (LSE - London School of Economics and Political Science); Alejandro Díaz-Guerra (UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]); Mirko Antino (UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]); Alfredo Rodríguez-Muñoz (UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]); José-Luis Martínez-Cantos (UCM - Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid]) |
| Abstract: | "This article examines how inequalities in digital skills shape the outcomes of online job‐seeking processes. Building on a representative survey of Spanish job seekers, we show that people with high digital skill levels have a greater probability of securing a job online, because of their ability to create a coherent profile and make their application visible. Additionally, it is less probable that they will experience burnout during this process than job seekers with low digital skill levels. Given the concentration of digital skills amongst people with high levels of material and digital resources, we conclude that the internet enforces existing material and health inequalities." |
| Keywords: | Social inclusion, Digital inequalities, Employement platforms, Digital skills, Online job-search skills |
| Date: | 2023–11–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04348219&r=ict |
| By: | Fouquet, Roger |
| Abstract: | To better understand the processes of digitalisation, dematerialisation and decarbonisation, this paper examines the relationship between energy and information for the global economy since 1850. It presents the long run trends in energy intensity and communication intensity, as a proxy for total information intensity. The evidence suggests that, relative to GDP, global economic production has been reducing energy and increasing information use since 1913. The analysis indicates that it initially required little information to replace energy in production and that the ability to substitute away from energy and towards information has been declining. The result implies that the global economy is now reducing energy and increasing information at a substitution rate of 0.2 kB per kWh of conserved energy or 0.8 GB per tonne of carbon dioxide mitigated. As the price ratio of energy to information is currently higher than this marginal rate of substitution, there are incentives to further substitute information for energy. However, one conclusion is that (without the long run escalation of carbon prices) substitution away from energy and towards information is likely to cease within the next few decades and, beyond that, digitalisation will play a declining role in the decarbonisation process. |
| Keywords: | ES/R009708/1; EP/R035288/1 |
| JEL: | J1 |
| Date: | 2023–12–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:121063&r=ict |
| By: | Militcyano Samuel Sapulette (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Pyan A. Muchtar (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)) |
| Abstract: | The Indonesian digital economy is the largest and most attractive investment destination amongst the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Member States (AMS). The sector has grown more than fourfold in the last 4 years and has supported other sectors. Amid the exponential growth, digital businesses are facing what is called a 'tech winter' in which startups are likely to experience slowdowns or even bankruptcy. In addition, although the digital transformation helps businesses improve productivity and drive economic growth, it has consequences for employment and wages, particularly for less skilled workers. While the potential of the digital economy must be continuously harnessed, some key initiatives need to be implemented to mitigate its negative effects. |
| Date: | 2023–01–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2022-06&r=ict |
| By: | Chaohong Xie; Xianhao Xu; Yeming Gong (EM - emlyon business school); Jie Xiong |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of big data analytics capability (BDAC) on organizational agility under the moderating effect of BDAC–business alignment and its impact on performance through organizational agility. Data from a matched-pair survey of business, data technology, and financial executives in 161 organizations were used to examine the proposed research model. This paper used partial least squares–structural equation modeling and hierarchical component analysis to examine the data. The results suggest a positive mediation role of organizational agility in the relationship between big data analytics capability and organizational performance, except that the mediation effect of operational adjustment agility on BDAC and market performance is not statistically significant. This study also finds that alignment between the business strategy and the big data analytics strategy enhances the relationship between BDAC and market responsiveness agility. It proposes a new perspective which is to realize the value of BDAC in enhancing agility and performance. |
| Keywords: | Data Science, Big Data Analytics Capability, Fit Perspective, Market Responsiveness Agility |
| Date: | 2022–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04325618&r=ict |
| By: | Ikumo Isono (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)); Satoru Kumagai (IDE-JETRO); Keita Oikawa (Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)) |
| Abstract: | The economic impact of the development of transport and digital infrastructure and the adoption of energy-saving technologies envisaged in the Comprehensive Asia Development Plan 3.0 (CADP 3.0) was analysed using the Institute of Developing Economies (IDE) and Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) geographical simulation model (IDE/ERIA-GSM). This infrastructure development and technology adoption will affect all industries and change the structure of the economy as the basis for rejuvenated and advanced industries such as agriculture, automotives, medicine, and pharmaceuticals. By combining this infrastructure development and technology adoption, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and East Asia could achieve high economic impacts and geographical inclusiveness. The Lao People's Democratic Republic will obtain the greatest economic impact as it transitions from a landlocked to a landlinked country. Cambodia will also reap significant benefits from upgrading information and communication technology. The simulation results thus recommend the implementation of the CADP 3.0 strategy for both ASEAN and individual Member States. |
| Date: | 2023–01–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:era:wpaper:pb-2022-08&r=ict |
| By: | Gustavo Ferro; Carlos A. Romero; María Priscila Ramos |
| Abstract: | A smart grid is the superposition of one physical electricity network on an information system. “Digitalization” (the growing application of information and communication technologies across the economy) enables electricity to break away from exclusive and centralized generation, opening it up to the increased integration of small-scale renewable sources in distribution networks. Digitalization also facilitates two-way communications between clients and providers, transforming them -progressively into “prosumers”. This suggests a new electricity system requiring changes in regulatory and technical norms. Transmission improves, losses decrease, renewables can be better integrated, and demand peaks can be smoothed. On the other hand, there is an important need for investments in smart meters, and IT technology, as well as concerns over the correct treatment of clients’ data. The massive introduction of dynamic tariffs is a consequence of smart grid development. |
| Keywords: | Smart Grids; Renewable Energy Sources; Electricity markets |
| JEL: | C14 Q42 |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cem:doctra:859&r=ict |
| By: | DE NIGRIS Sarah (European Commission - JRC); KALPAKA Annita (European Commission - JRC); NEPELSKI Daniel (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | The European Digital Innovation Hubs (EDIHs), established under the Digital Europe Programme, play a pivotal role in bolstering digitalisation across European businesses. There are 227 hubs, of which 151 are funded directly by the Digital Europe Programme. The EDIHs are widely distributed across 85% of European regions, covering almost 90% of the EU's working population. The EDIHs are formed of a diverse array of organisations, including private companies, research organisations, universities, and public sector entities. The services provided by EDIHs to SMEs and public sector organisations encompass a broad spectrum of technologies and sectors showcasing diversity in strategies and designs. The hubs demonstrate strong competencies in key technologies like Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity, and High-Performance Computing. |
| Date: | 2023–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc134620&r=ict |
| By: | Davide Rizzo (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Fatma Fourati-Jamoussi (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Lucian Ceapraz (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Mariia Ostapchuk (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Hanitra Randrianasolo (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Anne Combaud (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle); Michel J.-F. Dubois (UniLaSalle, INTERACT - Innovation, Territoire, Agriculture et Agro-industrie, Connaissance et Technologie - UniLaSalle) |
| Abstract: | The paper explores novel connections between human and technology-driven innovation in a French agritech cluster. It focuses on the whole system innovation and addresses specifically the impact of digitalisation related to precision agriculture deployment. The cluster under investigation has been settled by the Beauvaisis municipalities' agglomeration. It comprises interactions between local authorities, firms and knowledge institutions. The analysis covers various perspectives of the stakeholders' interactions and the role of intermediary actors and introduces the concept of the floating prescriber. The early results and the following analyses will contribute to highlighting the way an ecosystem (a cluster) is developed around the issue of digital technologies and sustainable agriculture. |
| Keywords: | Agriculture, Technologie, Innovations soutenables |
| Date: | 2023–05–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04295987&r=ict |