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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Michael Huebler; Dorothee Buehler |
| Abstract: | An innovative model describing the convergence of technology use at the micro level is introduced. ICT (information and communication technology) ownership, measured as the number of smartphones within a household, depends upon socioeconomic character- istics, such as income, education, technologies and occupation. ICT ownership and the socioeconomic characteristics are specified in relative terms between household pairs. Indicators for jointly belonging to a social group define a new explanatory variable type. Applying this model to survey and geographic data on rural households in Thailand and Vietnam, Heckman-type regressions show that better education and existing technologies unequivocally enhance convergence of ICT ownership among households, whereas the effect of social groups depends on the specific group. Self-employment or employment outside agriculture enhance convergence, whereas farming or employment in agriculture lead to divergence. The results advice policymakers to support the spread of ICT that provides access to valuable information and creates income-generating opportunities. |
| Keywords: | ICT, Smartphones, Technology diffusion, Rural development, Social networks |
| JEL: | F63 O33 Q12 Q17 Q54 |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tvs:wpaper:wp-036&r=ict |
| By: | Rojab, Ahmad |
| Abstract: | The intricate relationship between business, information technology (IT), and education, exploring their convergence. The primary issue addressed is the dynamic interaction among these fields, emphasizing the transformation of education and business practices. The study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of interdisciplinary approaches in education and their implications for business and IT. Employing a systematic literature review methodology, the findings reveal that interdisciplinary models, collaboration between academia and industry, and the integration of IT are pivotal in fostering innovation and adaptability. Furthermore, emerging trends in technology adoption and pedagogical strategies for effective interdisciplinary learning are identified as promising research directions. The article underscores the significance of interdisciplinary education in preparing individuals for the evolving landscape of the digital age, while providing insights for educators, researchers, and practitioners navigating this dynamic terrain. |
| Date: | 2023–10–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:z239u&r=ict |
| By: | Manh Hung Do |
| Abstract: | Understanding households’ resilience-building strategies is vital for the domains of humanitarian assistance, economic development, and poverty reduction, especially in the places where are vulnerable to shocks. In this study, we assess the correlation between households’ risk attitude and their resilience-building strategies, namely savings as an absorptive capacity and income diversification as an adaptive capacity. We examine the effects of these resilience strategies on reducing the impacts of shocks and poverty. We use a panel data of 1227 identical households for Vietnam in two waves of the Thailand Vietnam Socio Economic Panel (TVSEP) project to investigate the above issues. Our results from instrumental variable (IV) estimations show that more risk-adverse households tend to save more and diversify their income portfolios. These precautionary strategies to build up their resilience capacity help prevent them from reducing consumption to cope with shocks and from falling into poverty in absolute, relative, and multidimensional measures. We suggest that rural development policies in developing countries should focus on facilitating more income generation and employment opportunities. Furthermore, the development of rural education and infrastructure for information and communication technology (ICT) should be taken into account of designing poverty reduction programs. |
| Keywords: | Panel data, Absorptive capacity, Adaptive capacity, Instrumental variables |
| JEL: | C33 Q00 Q12 |
| Date: | 2023–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tvs:wpaper:wp-033&r=ict |
| By: | Ibrahima Alassane Ba (Université Mohammed V de Rabat. Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales, Souissi) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the impact of infrastructure development, both hard and soft , on the regionalization of intra-African trade. It is based on the analysis of panel data applied to the member countries of CENSAD, as well as an augmented gravity model enriched with variables describing the quality of logistics infrastructure, the levelof technological development, the degree of economic freedom, and the level of customs complexity. The results of this study highlight that the regionalism implemented within CENSAD stimulates intra-community exchanges. However, this positive impact is mitigated by infrastructure gaps, administrative and customs burdens, institutional opacity, as well as the weakness of information and communication technologies. In summary, this study demonstrates that a 5% improvement in infrastructure within the community would stimulate intra-CENSAD trade by 128%. The main increases would occur following the easing of customs procedures, as regionalization would be boosted by 48%. The second priority area for reform within the economic and regional community is the institutional environment. Furthermore, modernization and optimization of governance would increase the level of intra-regional trade by approximately 41% |
| Abstract: | Cette étude examine l'impact du développement des infrastructures, à la fois lourdes et légères, sur la régionalisation des échanges intra-africains. Elle repose sur l'analyse de données de panel appliquée aux pays membres de la CENSAD, ainsi que sur un modèle de gravité enrichi de variables décrivant la qualité des infrastructures logistiques, le niveau de développement technologique, le degré de liberté économique et le niveau de complexité douanière. Les résultats de cette étude mettent en évidence que le régionalisme mis en œuvre au sein de la CENSAD stimule les échanges intracommunautaires. Cependant, cet impact positif est atténué par les lacunes infrastructurelles, les lourdeurs administratives et douanières, l'opacité institutionnelle, ainsi que la faiblesse des technologies de l'information et de la communication. En somme, cette étude démontre qu'une amélioration de 5 % des infrastructures au sein de la communauté stimulerait les échanges intra-CENSAD de 128 %. Les principales augmentations surviendraient à la suite de l'assouplissement des procédures douanières, car la régionalisation serait stimulée à hauteur de 48 %. Le deuxième axe prioritaire de réforme pour la communauté économique et régionale est l'environnement institutionnel. De plus, la modernisation et l'optimisation de la gouvernance augmenteraient le niveau des échanges intrarégionaux de l'ordre de 41 %. |
| Keywords: | ZLECAF, CENSAD, Infrastructure, Modèle de gravité, donnée de panels, Hard infrastructures, Soft infrastructure, African Scientific Journal, intégration régionale |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04244724&r=ict |
| By: | Ayoub El Bahi (UIT - Université Ibn Tofaïl, UIT - Faculté d’Economie et de Gestion Université Ibn Tofail, Kénitra); Mountacer Bourjila (UIT - Université Ibn Tofaïl, UIT - Faculté d’Economie et de Gestion Université Ibn Tofail, Kénitra); Fatima Charef (UIT - Université Ibn Tofaïl, UIT - Faculté d’Economie et de Gestion Université Ibn Tofail, Kénitra) |
| Abstract: | E-learning is part of information and communication technologies for education (ICTE) and allows teaching without the presence of the teacher or learner. This ‘non-presential' character has clearly shown the place of this form of teaching in situations where we cannot be physically present, such as during the Covid-19 crisis. In such a situation, distance education has become the only way to providing education and training for all levels and types of institutions, while ensuring the protection of health. The examination of the choice of this mode of teaching will therefore arise as a necessity in order to show the degree of its success as a strategy of resilience to adopt in the face of potential crises. From these considerations, the importance of this work derives its legitimacy. the purpose of this paper is to determine first, to what extent we can consider E-learning as a resilience strategy according to the perception of the actors of the Moroccan university, and second, to identify the factors that influence this perception. The data used in this article were collected through 127 answers to a questionnaire consisting of several questions, where each question reveals to an explanatory variable taken from the literature review or deemed to have a logical link with the variable explained, distributed electronically to actors of Moroccan higher education. The response database is treated by SPSS under the logistic regression model. The choice of the Moroccan context demonstrates the originality of the work and, at the same time, it constitutes the main limitation of this work, by limiting the generalizability of the results to other contexts or cultures. The results show that distance learning can be a resilience strategy that needs to evolve. |
| Abstract: | Le E-learning fait partie des technologies de l'information et de la communication pour l'éducation (TICE) et qui permet un enseignement sans présence de l'enseignant ou l'apprenant. Ce caractère de ‘non présentiel' a montré clairement la place de cette forme d'enseignement dans des situations où on ne peut pas être ‘physiquement' présents, comme lors de la crise de Covid-19. Lors de telle situation, l'enseignement à distance est devenu le seul moyen d'effectuer des parcours d'éducation et de formation pour tous les niveaux et tous les types d'institutions, tout en assurant la protection de la santé. L'examination du choix de ce mode d'enseignement surgira donc comme une nécessité afin de montrer le degré de sa réussite comme stratégie de résilience à adopter face aux éventuelles crises. De ces considérations, l'importance de ce travail tire sa légitimité. Cet article a comme objectif de déterminer premièrement, dans quelle mesure nous pouvons considérer le E-learning comme une stratégie de résilience selon la perception des acteurs de l'université marocain, et deuxièmement de déterminer les facteurs qui influencent cette perception. Les données exploitées dans cet article ont été recueillies à travers 127 réponses à un questionnaire formé de plusieurs questions, où chaque question révèle à une variable explicative tirée de la revue de littérature ou jugée avoir un lien logique avec la variable expliquée, distribué par voie électronique aux acteurs de l'enseignement supérieur marocain. La base de données constituant réponses est traitée par SPSS sous le modèle de régression logistique. Le choix du contexte marocain démontre l'originalité du travail et constitue, au même temps, la principale limite que présente ce travail, en limitant la généralisation des résultats obtenus sur d'autres contextes ou cultures. Les résultats tirés montrent que l'enseignement à distance peut constituer une stratégie de résilience à faire évoluer. |
| Keywords: | Resilience, E-learning, Higher education, Vulnerability, Covid-19, Résilience, Enseignement supérieur, Vulnérabilite |
| Date: | 2023–10–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04256662&r=ict |