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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Dante Donati; Ruben Durante; Francesco Sobbrio; Dijana Zejcirovic |
| Abstract: | How does the internet affect young people’s mental health? We study this question in the context of Italy using administrative data on the universe of cases of mental disorders diagnosed in Italian hospitals between 2001 and 2013, which we combine with information on the availability of high-speed internet at the municipal level. Our identification strategy exploits differences in the proximity of municipalities to the pre-existing voice telecommunication infrastructure, which was previously irrelevant but became salient after the advent of the internet. We find that access to high-speed internet has a significant positive effect on the incidence of mental disorders for young cohorts but not for older ones. In particular, internet access leads to an increase in diagnoses of depression, anxiety, drug abuse, and personality disorders - for both males and females - and of eating and sleep disorders - for females only. We find similar results for urgent and compulsory hospitalizations and self-harm episodes. These results suggest that the effect of broadband is driven by a rise in the underlying prevalence of mental disorders and not merely by increased awareness about these pathologies. |
| Keywords: | mental health, internet, ADSL, 3G |
| JEL: | I12 I31 L82 L86 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9676&r= |
| By: | Nicola Pierri; Yannick Timmer |
| Abstract: | What are the implications of information technology (IT) in banking for financial stability? Data on US banks' IT equipment and the background of their executives reveals that higher pre-crisis IT adoption led to fewer non-performing loans and more lending during the global financial crisis. Empirical evidence indicates a direct role of IT adoption in strengthening bank resilience; this includes instrumental variable estimates exploiting the historical location of technical schools. Loan-level analysis shows that high-IT banks originated mortgages with better performance, indicating better borrower screening. No evidence points to offloading of low-quality loans, differences in business models, or enhanced monitoring. |
| Keywords: | Technology; Financial Stability; IT Adoption; Non-Performing Loans; Screening |
| JEL: | D82 D83 E44 G14 G21 O30 |
| Date: | 2022–04–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedgfe:2022-20&r= |
| By: | Matthias van den Heuvel; David Popp |
| Abstract: | After a boom and bust cycle in the early 2010s, venture capital (VC) investments are, once again, flowing towards green businesses. In this paper, we use Crunchbase data on 150,000 US startups founded between 2000 and 2020 to better understand why VC initially did not prove successful in funding new clean energy technologies. Both lackluster demand and a lower potential for outsized returns make clean energy firms less attractive to VC than startups in ICT or biotech. However, we find no clear evidence that characteristics such as high-capital intensity or long development timeframe are behind the lack of success of VC in clean energy. In addition, our results show that while public sector investments can help attract VC investment, the ultimate success rate of firms receiving public funding remains small. Thus, stimulating demand will have a greater impact on clean energy innovation than investing in startups that will then struggle through the “valley of death”. Only with demand-side policies in place should governments try to plug funding gaps by targeting clean energy startups with low potential for outsized returns that will continue to find it hard to attract private capital. |
| Keywords: | venture capital, renewable energy, start-up firms |
| JEL: | G24 Q40 Q48 Q55 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9684&r= |
| By: | Sugandi, Eric Alexander (Asian Development Bank Institute) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the large-scale social distancing (PSBB) policy on Indonesia’s financial technology (fintech) markets. We also elaborate on the roles fintech companies can play in the national economic recovery. We find that Indonesia’s fintech markets were relatively resilient during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic did not have significant impacts on Indonesia’s fintech markets, but the PSBB harmed phone banking, mobile banking, and internet banking transaction values as well as peer-to-peer (P2P) fintech lending. Nevertheless, the PSBB increased electronic money transactions. The relatively short PSBB period prevented the restrictions on economic activities from imposing too much damage on the fintech markets. The Indonesian authorities involved the fintech industry as a component of the national economic recovery program (PEN), particularly the pre-employment card (Kartu Prakerja) program. There are still many areas in which the government can utilize the fintech industry for economic recovery, including direct cash transfers to poor households and extensions of subsidized loans for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). |
| Keywords: | fintech; Indonesia; MSMEs |
| JEL: | G23 G29 O33 O39 |
| Date: | 2021–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbiwp:1281&r= |
| By: | Anna Shevyakova (LLP "Rational solutions"); Eleonorа Munsh (EPAM Kazakhstan); Malika Arystan (Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsouz); Yelena Petrenko (PRUE - Plekhanov Russian University of Economics [Moscow]) |
| Abstract: | The article reveals the requirements for the entry of the world economy into the fourth industrial revolution and Industry 4.0 to the competence of personnel. Industry 4.0 promises new digital solutions to optimize the entire flow of value creation in production systems. Existing production systems are often based on a philosophy of continuous improvement and lean management. The increasing digitalisation of production processes is placing new demands on employee competence. The article discusses and analyzes the necessary competences for successful integration of Kazakhstan and Russian enterprises into Industry 4.0. The article provides systematization of company specific competences and skills of employees, as well as the author's roadmap of implementation for competence development in Industry 4.0 and on its basis recommendations and solutions for enterprises are formed. |
| Keywords: | Industry 4.0.,Competence,Roadmap,Fourth Industrial Revolution,Digitalization,Companies |
| Date: | 2021–03–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03583868&r= |