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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Rasmané Ouedraogo; Amadou N Sy |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effect of digitalization on the perception of corruption and trust in tax officials in Africa. Using individual-level data from Afrobarometer surveys and several indices of digitalization, we find that an increase in digital adoption is associated with a reduction in the perception of corruption and an increase in trust in tax officials. Exploiting the exogeneous deployment of submarine cables at the local level, the paper provides evidence of a negative impact of the use of Internet on the perception of corruption. Yet, the paper shows that the dampening effect of digitalization on corruption is hindered in countries where the government has a pattern of intentionally shutting down the Internet, while countries that successfully promote information and communication technology (ICT) enjoy a more amplified effect. |
| Keywords: | Corruption;Digitalization;Public employment;Public financial management (PFM);Education;WP,tax official,online service,intentional disruption,DAI government,government action,simple average |
| Date: | 2020–05–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2020/068&r=all |
| By: | Rosa Sanchis-Guarner; José Montalbán; Felix Weinhardt |
| Abstract: | This paper estimates the effect of home high-speed internet on national test scores of students at age 14. We combine comprehensive information on the telecom network, administrative student records, house prices and local amenities in England in a fuzzy spatial regression discontinuity design across invisible telephone exchange catchment areas. Using this strategy, we find that increasing broadband speed by 1 Mbit/s increases test scores by 1.37 percentile ranks in the years 2005-2008. This effect is sizeable, equivalent to 5% of a standard deviation in the national score distribution, and not driven by other technological mediating factors or school characteristics. |
| Keywords: | broadband, education, student performance, spatial regression discontinuity |
| JEL: | J24 I21 I28 D83 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_8846&r=all |
| By: | Gade, Dipak S.; Aithal, Sreeramana |
| Abstract: | Smart Cities are well planned, designed, and established keeping in mind the growing need of citizens in search of better livelihood. Technology has played a big role in equipping Smart Cities to offer better facilities to its citizens in terms of better living comfort, better atmosphere, better surrounding, better medical facilities, and most importantly ease of doing business, office, and day to day activities. While doing so, IT Infrastructure and online transactions have influenced all the operational processes of Smart Cities and almost acting as its backbone. Obviously, any adverse impact on online transactions can create chaos in Smart City operations. To address this concern, a safe and reliable online transaction is a must. In this paper, we have discussed Blockchain Technology-based solutions for Smart Cities and their potential impact on Smart Cities Development. We specifically tried to address the concern of how Smart City online operational processes for various applications can be made reliable and safe by using Blockchain Technology and how this technology can benefit Smart Cities overall development. Based on the comprehensive research and detailed literature review, we proposed Blockchain Technology based secure framework for Smart Cities. We also identified various applications and process areas that can be highly benefited by using Blockchain Technology and can make these applications smarter and more reliable and fit for use for any Smart City. |
| Keywords: | Blockchain, Smart city, Smart contracts, Secure framework, Distributed ledger |
| JEL: | M1 M15 O2 O21 O22 O4 R0 R5 R58 |
| Date: | 2020–12–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:105351&r=all |
| By: | Murod Ismailov (University of Tsukuba, Centre for Education of Global Communication, Japan) |
| Abstract: | With the advance of the Internet technologies, online international exchanges are becoming an essential element of teaching and learning communication and collaboration. Some virtual exchanges focus especially on developing learners’ intercultural communicative competence. One of the main challenges for learners engaged in this form of virtual exchanges is that not all participants may be familiar with specific aspects of their own lingua-culture. This conceptual study attempts to develop an inquiry-based model of online intercultural exchange by incorporating the 5E Learning Cycle Model which includes learning stages, such as engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, and evaluation. We argue that the combination of online intercultural learning and inquiry-based learning could help facilitate sharing of a more authentic lingua-cultural knowledge between online partners. Also, the inclusion of the elements of inquiry-based learning in online international collaborative projects might have a positive impact on promoting informed intercultural exchange. |
| Keywords: | online exchanges, intercultural communication, inquiry-based learning |
| Date: | 2020–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:bpaper:014mi&r=all |
| By: | Linh, Nguyen Thi |
| Abstract: | Information technology in general and digital technology businesses in particular are expected to make a major contribution to the economy. Despite high expectations, science and technology investment has not been seen objectively. |
| Date: | 2020–12–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:8w4ca&r=all |
| By: | Doh-Shin Jeon (TSE - Toulouse School of Economics - UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Bruno Jullien (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, TSE - Toulouse School of Economics - UT1 - Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement); Mikhail Klimenko (Unknown) |
| Abstract: | The dominance of English language content on the Internet raises a question of how consumer bilingualism in a given country a§ects the amount of home language content and the countryís welfare. We address this question by studying two-sided market competition between a foreign and a domestic content distribution platform in a small open economy. On the one hand, bilingualism has the beneÖt of increasing cross-side network externalities by increasing consumer concentration on the foreign platform, which increases the amount of home language content. On the other hand, bilingualism exposes home language content to competition from foreign language content and softens platform competition, which reduces the amount of home language content. We Önd that bilingualism mostly increases consumer surplus but can reduce domestic producer surplus. The welfare e§ect of taxing the foreign platform is also analyzed. |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03081660&r=all |
| By: | Juhasz, Reka (Columbia, NBER and CEPR); Squicciarini, Mara P. (Bocconi and CEPR); Voigtlander, Nico (UCLA, NBER, and CEPR) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the future of remote work by drawing parallels between two contexts: The move from home to factory-based production during the Industrial Revolution and the shift to work from home today. Both are characterized by a similar trade-off: the potential productivity advantage of the new working arrangement made possible by technology (mechanization or ICT), versus organizational barriers such as coordinating workers. Using contemporary data, we show that organizational barriers seem to be present today. Without further technological or organizational innovations, remote work may not be here to stay just yet. |
| Keywords: | Work from Home, Industrial Revolution, Coordination JEL Classification: F63, O14 |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cge:wacage:535&r=all |