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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Julia Cage (Département d'économie); Nicolas Hervé (Institut national de l'audiovisuel); Marie-Luce Viaud (Institut national de l'audiovisuel) |
| Abstract: | News production requires investment, and competitors’ ability to appropriate a story may reduce a media’s incentives to provide original content. Yet, there is little legal protection of intellectual property rights in online news production, which raises the issue of the extent of copying online and the incentives to provide original content. In this article, we build a unique dataset combining all the online content produced by French news media during the year 2013 with new micro audience data. We develop a topic detection algorithm that identifies each news event, trace the timeline of each story, and study news propagation. We provide new evidence on online news production. First, we document high reactivity of online media: one quarter of the news stories are reproduced online in under 4 min. We show that this is accompanied by substantial copying, both at the extensive and at the intensive margins, which may constitute a severe threat to the commercial viability of the news media. Next, we estimate the returns to originality in online news production. Using article-level variations and media-level daily audience combined with article-level social media statistics, we find that original content producers tend to receive more viewers, thereby mitigating the newsgathering incentive problem raised by copying. |
| Keywords: | Internet; Information Sharing; Copyright; Social Media; Reputation |
| JEL: | L11 L15 L82 L86 |
| Date: | 2019–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/52cps7rdns8iv8fr3f1kqm7iuv&r=all |
| By: | Ibukun Beecroft (CEPDeR, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria); Evans S. Osabuohien (CEPDeR, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria); Uchenna R. Efobi (CEPDeR, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria); Isaiah Olurinola (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria); Romanus A. Osabohien (CEPDeR, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria) |
| Abstract: | Investment in ICT infrastructure development is crucial to international trade through its provision of reliable interconnectedness via communication. This can be augmented via institutional intervention, which addresses opportunistic or rent-seeking behaviours of ICT infrastructure providers and reduces operational costs, among others. However, ICT infrastructural provision in West Africa remains low, necessitating the current drive by the regional economic community (ECOWAS) to make some advancement in this regard for enhanced trade outcomes of members. With the aim of unbundling institutional framework in the infrastructure-export nexus, this study empirically examines the relationship between manufacturing export and ICT infrastructure and articulates how economic and political institutions influence such interaction. Focusing on 14 West African countries, the study uses the Systems Generalised Method of Moments (SGMM) technique to address possible issues of endogeneity and reverse causality. The results reveal that in the face of improved economic and political institutions, particularly those related to enforcement of contracts, the influence of ICT infrastructure in strengthening the exporting capacity from the manufacturing sector is greater. In addition, some measures of economic and political institutions matter more than others. The study recommends that ECOWAS countries promote better institutional quality, particularly in terms of transparency, accountability, corruption control, regulatory quality and the rule of law. |
| Keywords: | Dynamic panel data; Infrastructural provision; Infrastructural development; Institutional framework; Institutional quality; Manufacturing export; Manufacturing value added |
| JEL: | F14 O14 O17 O43 P45 |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:agd:wpaper:19/098&r=all |
| By: | Stockhinger, Jan; Teubner, Alexander |
| Abstract: | Through out the last decade, digitalization has fundamentally transformed the business world and put into question traditional strategy wisdom. As (digital) information technologies (IT) are the drivers of this transformation, we can expect it to have an even more profound influence on IT/IS strategy thinking. While several scholars have acknowledged the fundamental changes induced by digitalization on the conceptual level, research on emerging IT/IS strategy contents is still missing. This paper intends to fill this gap by revealing both practically relevant and theoretically valid concerns worth considering when developing IT/IS strategies for/in the digital age. Based on a working definition of digitalization, we present a set of hypotheses on how IT/IS strategies might respond to trends in digitalization. We also put these hypotheses to discussionin ten interviews with IT/IS managers in practice. Our research adds to a better understanding of the complex phenomenon of digitalization and its implications for IT/IS strategy development. Our research responds to calls for a stronger focus on strategy contents and more practice-oriented IT/IS strategy research. |
| Keywords: | Digitalization,digital transformation,IT/IS strategy,information infrastructure strategy,information function strategy,IT/IS strategy contents |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ercisw:31&r=all |
| By: | Onsardi, Onsardi |
| Abstract: | This article discusses the competence of human resources in the era of globalization. It is aimed to analyze competencies that human resources must have in facing the era of globalization. The method used in this research was literature study. Literature studies are used to find theoretical references that are relevant to cases or problems in a study. The results of this study indicate that competences needed by human resources in the era of globalization are (1) Critical thinking, (2) Ability to solve problems, (3) Communication and collaboration, (4) Creativity and innovation, (5) Information literacy, communication, and technology (ICT), (6) social and cross-cultural skills, (7) Ability to think of entrepreneurship, (8) Respect for diversity, (9) Teamwork and interconnectedness, (10) Civic and digital citizenship, and (11) religious competence. The whole competencies can be classsified into 5 core competencies, which are: (1) Communication competence both oral and written, (2) knowledge competence, (3) informational technology competence, (4) inter-cultural competence and (5) religious competence. Keyword: Competence and globalization |
| Date: | 2019–11–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:dsh97&r=all |
| By: | Erdem Muhammed Said (Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University of Bucharest) |
| Abstract: | We set out to discuss in this paper about maritime transportation. It is known that more than 90% of global trade is supported at sea. In the last century, the shipping industry recorded an increase in total trade. The growth of industrialization and the liberalization of the national economies have favored free trade and increased demand for consumer products. The development of technologies has caused maritime transport to evolve efficiently and become a prompt method of transport. A look at the international maritime transport system presents a system consisting of three components, namely: the maritime transport system (freight and passengers), auxiliary maritime services (any activity related to cargo handling in ports and ships) and port services (activities related only to management ship in ports). Maritime transport and is an integral, sometimes less visible, part of the world economy. |
| Keywords: | global trade, maritime services, maritime transport, ships, world economy |
| Date: | 2019–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:ipaper:017em&r=all |
| By: | Aron Emil T?TARU (Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Faculty of Administration and Public Management, Bucharest, Romania); Marius Constantin PROFIROIU (Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Faculty of Administration and Public Management, Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | We live in the age of technology. This technology and information era emerged in the early 1970s and is growing exponentially ever since. In this context, we are no strangers to the slogan: Technology that will change your life. Or even better: Technology that will change the world! But does technology and information really have the power to trigger this desired, beneficial change in our lives? Did our lives and the societies that we live in, notably improved during the last decades, as a result of technological advancements? Or, even more important: can technological innovation be considered a driver of behavioral and organizational change? Many organizations nowadays rely on ITC transformations to create a shift towards a culture of performance and to repeal the counter-productive, obsolete behaviors which constantly hamper and undermine progress. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if ITC innovations really have the potential of changing people’s behaviors, to support organizational development, or conversely, if behavioral and cultural change should be prerequisites for successful implementation of ITC transformations in modern organizations. We will explore this topic through analysis of change management methodologies and literature review, identifying examples of recent, large-scale ITC transformations and their associated success criteria. |
| Keywords: | change management, transformation, ITC, leadership, behavior |
| JEL: | H83 |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rom:tadase:5&r=all |
| By: | Itkonen, Juha |
| Abstract: | The impact of digitalisation is not fully reflected in economic statistics. Even though commonly used economic metrics such as GDP are still relevant in assessing the state of the economy, the production of statistics should be developed to measure the digital economy better. The most significant measurement challenges caused by digitalisation relate to new goods, free services, changes in quality and the movement of intellectual capital between countries. Due to digitalisation, GDP and productivity growth may have been understated and the rate of price inflation overstated. Measurement errors alone do not explain the exceptionally weak development in recent years, nor do they eliminate the problems of the Finnish economy and the key challenges for economic policy. Digital technology has, however, improved our well-being in ways that are difficult to measure in money. |
| Keywords: | GDP,digitalisation,statistics,productivity,technology,digital economy |
| JEL: | E01 E31 D63 D23 O33 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:bofecr:12019&r=all |
| By: | Budzinski, Oliver |
| Abstract: | The International Competition Network (ICN) celebrates its 20th birthday in 2020. It governs global competition by providing a cooperative forum for (mostly national) competition authorities from all around the world. In the absence of binding global competition rules and antitrust laws, it attempts to coordinate national and supranational competition policies by providing best practice recommendations and exercising peer pressure on deviating regimes. While the first twenty years of the ICN have been mostly a success story, the ubiquitous process of digitization poses new challenges to the voluntary and informal coordination of decentralized competition policies governing pro- and anticompetitive arrangements and conduct on international and intercontinental markets. First, the digitization of markets and goods increases the number of cross-border, interjurisdictional cases regarding cartels, mergers and acquisitions, as well as anticompetitive market behavior. Second, digital platforms and data-based business models increase the probability of dominant companies on intercontinental scales as well as problems of economic dependency on few global player companies. Third, the economics of digital platforms and data-based competition strategies partly differ from traditional standard economics and are still being developed in the academic world. Consequently, the previous convergence of competition policy practices across jurisdictions tends to shift towards a process of divergence with respect of how to deal with innovative pro- and anticompetitive conduct in the digital world. This essay discusses the influence of the effects from digitization on the problems of (only soft-coordinated) national competition policies in international markets like cross-border externalities, costs and burden of multiple procedures, loopholes in the protection of global competition, and the diversity of societies and competition regimes. It concludes by outlining the challenges that the ICN will face in its third decade. |
| Keywords: | international competition policy,international antitrust,International Competition Network,global governance,digitization,industrial economics,law and economics,international economics,international organizations,international business |
| JEL: | F02 F53 F55 K21 L40 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:tuiedp:135&r=all |
| By: | Bertani, Filippo; Raberto, Marco; Teglio, Andrea |
| Abstract: | Since the last 30 years, the economy has been undergoing a massive digital transformation. Intangible digital assets, like software solutions, web services, and more recently deep learning algorithms, artificial intelligence and digital platforms, have been increasingly adopted thanks to the diffusion and advancements of information and communication technologies. Various observers argue that we could rapidly approach a technological singularity leading to explosive economic growth. The contribution of this paper is on the empirical and the modelling side. First, we present a cross-country empirical analysis assessing the correlation between intangible digital assets and different measures of productivity. Then we figure out their long-term impact on unemployment under different scenarios by means of an agent-based macro-model. |
| Keywords: | Intangible assets, Digital transformation, Total factor productivity, Technological unemployment, Agent-based economics |
| JEL: | C63 |
| Date: | 2020–01–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:98233&r=all |
| By: | Marilena Cristina Chera (Master in Criminal Sciences at Dimitrie Cantemir Christian University of Bucharest, Romania) |
| Abstract: | The information technology search became one of the investigation ways often met in practice and that is due to the numerous crime, such as corporate crimes or corruption crimes that can be executed through the information technology systems. The ways of crimes found in the information technology crime are carried out by attacks over the information networks and systems. It must be noted that the information technology crimes are not grouped together under one title/chapter, but those are found either in the crimes against property, forgery crimes, and also in the area of crimes against public safety. The ways of executing such are found in most of the information technology crimes. Most of the cases of information technology crimes, the search on the information system, used for executing the crime, might bring out the most important pieces of evidence with the purpose of proving the causal link between the material element and the immediate result of the crime. |
| Keywords: | crime, defendant, evidence, information technology, search |
| Date: | 2019–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:ipaper:030cm&r=all |