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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Ljunge, Martin (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)) |
| Abstract: | Individuals with ancestry from countries with advanced information technology in 1500 AD, such as movable type and paper, adopt the internet faster than those with less advanced ancestry. The analysis illustrates persistence over five centuries in information technology adoption in European and U.S. populations. The results hold when excluding the most and least advanced ancestries, and when accounting for additional deep roots of development. Historical information technology is a better predictor of internet adoption than current development. A machine learning procedure supports the findings. Human capital is a plausible channel as 1500 AD information technology predicts early 20th century school enrollment, which predicts 21st century internet adoption. A three-stage model including human capital around 1990, yields similar results. |
| Keywords: | Internet; Technology diffusion; Information technology; Intergenerational transmission; Printing press |
| JEL: | D13 D83 J24 N70 O33 Z13 |
| Date: | 2019–12–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1312&r=all |
| By: | Yoon J. Jo; Misaki Matsumura; David E. Weinstein |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the impact of e-commerce on pricing behavior and welfare. Using Japanese data, we find that the entry of e-commerce firms significantly raised the rate of intercity price convergence for goods sold intensively online, but not for other goods. E-commerce also lowered relative inflation rates for goods sold intensively online. We overcome data challenges using long data series and historical catalog sales as an instrument for e-commerce sales intensity. We estimate that reductions in price dispersion raised welfare by 0.3 percent. E-commerce also lowered variety-adjusted prices on average by 0.9 percent, and more in cities with highly educated populations. |
| JEL: | F14 L86 R32 |
| Date: | 2019–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26506&r=all |
| By: | Miroslava Szarková (University of Economics in Bratislava, Faculty of Business Management, Department of Management); Benita Belá?ová (University of Economics in Bratislava) |
| Abstract: | The quality and level of managers? managerial skills significantly influences the competitiveness of the company. They present a qualitative, acquired entity in educational process, which has to be constantly developed within educational programmes and improved within social interactions. In the recent period, a massive input of information and communication technologies, mostly social media, which enable an effective connection of the transfer of technologies and knowledge with the production of knowledge and information in the educational process of managers, can be observed in the process of managerial skills? improvement and development. The article deals with the knowledge and information about the possibilities of managerial skills? development using information communication technologies in companies acting in the Slovak Republic. It compares the results of the monitoring obtained within the project APVV SK-CZ -0108-09 with the results of the research, which was carried out in 2018-2019 within the project VEGA 1/0309/18. |
| Keywords: | Managerial skills, information communication technologies, social media, social networks, education of managers |
| JEL: | I25 M21 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:itepro:9612152&r=all |
| By: | Irvan, Nurmiati; Mus, Abdul Rahman; Su'un, Muhammad; Sufri, Mukhlis; Sjahruddin, Herman |
| Abstract: | This study aimed to analyze the effect of human resource competencies, information technology and internal control systems on good governance and local government financial management performance in the Indonesian local government (Pangkep South Sulawesi). Research conducted on civil servants working on 49 local work units (SKPD) by setting a sample of 245 respondents. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) supporting through Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) Ver. 21. The results showed that the human resources competencies and internal control system have a positive and a significant effect on good governance. Information technology has positive but not significant effect on good governance. A human resources competency, internal control system and good governance have positive and significant effect on the financial management performance. Information technology has insignificant effect on financial management performance: The Mediating role of good governance |
| Date: | 2017–11–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:inarxi:njzsy&r=all |
| By: | Santoso, Adhi Setyo |
| Abstract: | The growth of multi-sided platform (MSP) firms, especially those with high Internet utilization such as Uber, Tokopedia, Go-Jek as well as other sharing economy firms, started to catch the attention of strategic management scholars. Since multi-sided platforms have more than one distinct user side with various role in the business ecosystem, the strategic alliances between the MSP and its platform members may play a significant role in increasing the user base as well as the value of the platform itself. However, there are still few researches that discuss the strategic alliances within the MSP. For this reason, this conceptual article aims at mapping the strategic alliances literature relevant to the MSP context through in-depth literature review. Two case analyses from high growth MSP firms in Indonesia are presented to explain this phenomenon. |
| Date: | 2018–01–31 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:inarxi:eyskp&r=all |
| By: | Gert Bijnens; Joep Konings |
| Abstract: | We build on Decker et al. (2016) who show that business dynamism and entrepreneurship in the U.S. have declined over recent decades and that the characteristics of this decline changed around 2000. Since 2000 the U.S. decline in dynamism has been accompanied by a decline in high-growth, young firms. Using 30 years of data from all for-profit firms incorporated in Belgium, we now offer evidence that Belgium, a far more rigid economy than the U.S., experienced a similar decline in dynamism. Furthermore, the decline set in around 2000 as well. We attribute this not only to the declining share of young firms that become high-growth firms, but more importantly also to the declining propensity for small (not necessarily young) firms to experience fast growth. We do not yet know what caused this decline. Since there are remarkable similarities between Belgium and the U.S. with respect to the secular decline in business dynamism, global trends rather than country specific changes are most likely to be at the basis of this evolution. A possible global trend causing dynamism to decline, is the ICT revolution that started the second half of the ’90s. We find preliminary indications that industries with higher ICT intensity have experienced a dynamism trend change during that same period and show a steeper dynamism decline. |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ete:vivwps:614199&r=all |
| By: | Alhassan A-W Karakara (University of Cape Coast, Ghana); Evans S. Osabuohien (CEPDeR, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria) |
| Abstract: | Education is said to be a basic human right, and central to unlocking human capabilities. However, Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) has the highest number of children out of school and learning disadvantages. Most studies on child vulnerability concentrate on disaster, disability and HIV effects on children. Thus, this study investigates the likelihood of a child being educationally disadvantaged or risk school dropout. Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) data for 2014 with binary and multinomial logistic regressions are used to determine the likelihood of a child being educationally disadvantaged. The findings reveal disparity in wealth distribution in Ghana. Wealth of family is a determinant of child success in education and urban household children are less likely to be disadvantaged in learning outcomes. Households’ access to ICTs enhances child learning at home and; hence, reduces the risk of a child being educationally disadvantaged. Policy implications and suggestions for further studies are discussed in the paper. |
| Keywords: | Child educational disadvantage; Ghana; Households; ICTs; Wealth disparity |
| JEL: | D1 I21 |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:exs:wpaper:19/088&r=all |
| By: | Min Zhu; Longmei Zhang; Daoju Peng |
| Abstract: | China’s growth potential has become a hotly debated topic as the economy has reached an income level susceptible to the “middle-income trap” and financial vulnerabilities are mounting after years of rapid credit expansion. However, the existing literature has largely focused on macro level aggregates, which are ill suited to understanding China’s significant structural transformation and its impact on economic growth. To fill the gap, this paper takes a deep dive into China’s convergence progress in 38 industrial sectors and 11 services sectors, examines past sectoral transitions, and predicts future shifts. We find that China’s productivity convergence remains at an early stage, with the industrial sector more advanced than services. Large variations exist among subsectors, with high-tech industrial sectors, in particular the ICT sector, lagging low-tech sectors. Going forward, ample room remains for further convergence, but the shrinking distance to the frontier, the structural shift from industry to services, and demographic changes will put sustained downward pressure on growth, which could slow to 5 percent by 2025 and 4 percent by 2030. Digitalization, SOE reform, and services sector opening up could be three major forces boosting future growth, while the risks of a financial crisis and a reversal in global integration in trade and technology could slow the pace of convergence. |
| Date: | 2019–11–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:19/263&r=all |