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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Seppälä, Timo; Mattila, Juri; Rajala, Risto |
| Abstract: | Abstract It is predicted that in 2030, the energy consumption of the ICT sector will be 21% of the world’s energy consumption, but will resources be enough to carry out all the digital technology development trends at the same time? Trends, such as the transition to the ecommerce, the transition of mobile services to the fifth-generation network, video streaming, online gaming and the rise of electric cars, all increase the need for both storage and computing capacity and energy as well. More broadly, the geographical location of digital resources and infrastructures has implications to country’s security of supply, for example in systems of systems development of smart traffic. The ecological effects of digitalization should also be explored through the lens of digital ecology and sustainability. |
| Keywords: | ICT, Energy efficiency, Computing capacity, Emissions trading, Security of supply |
| JEL: | O3 O33 Q4 Q5 |
| Date: | 2019–06–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:briefs:80&r=all |
| By: | Bertani, Filippo; Ponta, Linda; Raberto, Marco; Teglio, Andrea; Cincotti, Silvano |
| Abstract: | During the last twenty years, we have witnessed the deep development of digital technologies. Artificial intelligence, software and algorithms have started to impact more and more frequently in our daily lives and most people didn't notice it. Recently, economists seem to have perceived that this new technological wave could have some consequences, but which one are they? Will they be positive or negative? In this paper we try to give a possible answer to these questions through an agent based computational approach; more specifically we enriched the large-scale macroeconomics model EURACE with the concept of digital technologies in order to investigate the effect that their business dynamics have at a macroeconomic level. Our preliminary results show that this productivity increase could be a double-edged sword: notwithstanding the development of the digital technologies sector can create new job opportunities, at the same time, these products could jeopardize the employment inside the traditional mass-production system. |
| Keywords: | Intangible assets, Industry 4.0, Digital revolution, Agent-based macroeconomics |
| JEL: | C63 O33 |
| Date: | 2019–05–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:94205&r=all |
| By: | Uchenna R. Efobi (Covenant University, Nigeria); Belmondo V. Tanankem (MINEPAT, Yaoundé, Cameroon); Simplice A. Asongu (University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa) |
| Abstract: | This study complements existing literature by investigating how the advancement in information and communication technology affects the formal economic participation of women. The focus is on 48 African countries for the period 1990-2014. The empirical evidence is based on Ordinary Least Squares, Fixed Effects and the Generalized Method of Moments regressions. The results show that improving communication technology increases female economic participation with the following consistent order of increasing magnitude: mobile phone penetration; internet penetration, and fixed broadband subscriptions. The findings are robust to the control for heterogeneities across countries. Policy implications are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Africa; Gender; ICT; Inclusive development; Technology |
| JEL: | G20 I10 I32 O40 O55 |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:abh:wpaper:18/005&r=all |
| By: | Dessouky, Maged; Fu, Lunce; Hu, Shichun |
| Abstract: | Railway has always been an effective mode to transport both people and goods. Freight trains are about four times more fuel efficient than trucks and passenger trains and are popular because of their blend of efficiency, speed and low emissions. Increasing rail network capacity, however, can be difficult and expensive. Finding more efficient ways to utilize existing rail network capacity can mitigate the impacts of growing freight demand. New communication technologies, such as Positive Train Control (PTC), have the potential to improve efficiency and minimize delays in freight and passenger railway operations. PTC enables trains to communicate and share critical information such as speed and location with each other in real time. This research brief highlights findings from the project, "Integrated Management of Truck and Rail Systems in Los Angeles," which simulated the complex, busy freight and passenger rail corridor between downtown Los Angeles and Pomona to evaluate the effectiveness of proposed new scheduling and dispatching algorithms using PTC. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Engineering, Delays, Freight trains, Freight transportation, Headways, Passenger trains, Positive train control, Railroad tracks, Switches (Railroads) |
| Date: | 2019–05–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt4c43d0gt&r=all |
| By: | Jeremiah O. Ejemeyovwi (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria); Evans S. Osabuohien (Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria) |
| Abstract: | This paper empirically investigates the role of mobile technology adoption on inclusive growth in 15 West African countries with a view to ascertaining if the positive role of mobile technology adoption on human development as established in other regions holds in West Africa. It used data from World Development Indicators for the period 2004 to 2014, which was estimated with system generalised method of moments (SGMM). The SGMM results show that mobile cell subscription has a statistically insignificant effect on inclusive growth in West Africa which refutes the positive and significant role of mobile technology adoption on inclusive growth. The possible reasons for the results and recommendations are documented in the study. |
| Keywords: | ICT; Inclusive growth; Mobile technology; SGMM. |
| JEL: | O3 O15 |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:abh:wpaper:18/028&r=all |
| By: | Lehuedé, Héctor J. |
| Abstract: | This paper describes and discusses the relation between cybersecurity and corporate governance with a special interest on data protection in Latin America and the Caribbean. The motivation for the work resides in the growing role that data protection and privacy laws and regulations in developed countries reserve for corporate governance. These laws increasingly assign responsibilities to boards of directors and management with the expectation to incentivize firms to take data protection seriously in the face of cybersecurity and privacy risks. The paper presents these new rules and explores their current and potential use in the region, focusing on the rules and practices on data protection by Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. The paper was commissioned by the United Nations’ Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, ECLAC. |
| Keywords: | ADMINISTRACION DE EMPRESAS, GOBERNABILIDAD CORPORATIVA, PROTECCION DE DATOS, LEYES Y REGLAMENTOS, TECNOLOGIA DE LA INFORMACION, TECNOLOGIA DE LAS COMUNICACIONES, BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, DATA PROTECTION, LAWS AND REGULATIONS, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY |
| Date: | 2019–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col026:44629&r=all |