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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Martin Aarøe Christensen (European Commission – JRC - IPTS) |
| Abstract: | This report describes the first release of the macroeconomic model developed under the project Prospective Insights on R&D in ICT (PREDICT 2), a research project co-financed by the Directorate General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology and the JRC-IPTS. One of the objectives of PREDICT 2 is the development of a macroeconomic model which allows the economic analysis of scenarios related to ICT R&D funding policies in the European Union. This report provides a motivation for the chosen modelling approach, describes the model structure and the calibration of the model to a reference growth path. |
| Keywords: | Economic Modelling, R&D, ICT, Endogenous Growth |
| JEL: | C68 O30 H20 |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc97902&r=ict |
| By: | Gavazza, Alessandro; Nardotto, Mattia; Valletti, Tommaso |
| Abstract: | We empirically study the effects of broadband internet diffusion on local election outcomes and on local government policies using rich data from the U.K. Our analysis suggests that the internet has displaced other media with greater news content (i.e., radio and newspapers), thereby decreasing voter turnout, most notably among less-educated and younger individuals. In turn, local government expenditures (and taxes) are lower in areas with greater broadband diffusion, particularly expenditures targeted at less-educated voters. Our findings corroborate the idea that voters' information plays a key role in determining electoral participation, government policies and government size. |
| Keywords: | media; voting |
| JEL: | D72 |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:10991&r=ict |
| By: | Martin Aarøe Christensen (European Commission – JRC - IPTS) |
| Abstract: | We present a multi-country, multi-sector dynamic general equilibrium model with ICT and R&D-driven endogenous growth. The model presented has been developed to study the economic effects of alternative ICT R&D funding policies in the European Union. It accommodates alternative policy instruments that could be used in an attempt to stimulate private ICT R&D expenditures, including general production grants, tax credit or subsidies targeted at specific inputs. The model is calibrated to data from four country blocs Germany, France, the Rest of the EU and the Rest of the World. |
| Keywords: | Economic Modelling, R&D, ICT, Endogenous Growth |
| JEL: | C68 O30 H20 |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc97908&r=ict |
| By: | Martin Aarøe Christensen (European Commission – JRC - IPTS) |
| Abstract: | The report provides a quantitative analysis of the economic impacts of national public support to ICT R&D in the European Union, considering a number of policy scenarios covering different amounts of public spending, policy instruments and sources of financing. For this purpose we use a macroeconomic model with ICT and R&D driven endogenous growth. The model accommodates a range of policy instruments that may be used to stimulate R&D activity (ICT or non-ICT) in the economy, and it captures multiple channels through which R&D activity affects the economy. The policy scenarios are simulated with the model. The simulation exercise provides some preliminary evidence that an increase in public expenditure to support ICT R&D might have a significantly positive impact on ICT sector BERD as well as on economic growth and employment in the EU. It also shows that the strength and in some cases the sign of this impact can be influenced by policy instruments and financing source. Additional work is needed to gain further insights on the sensitivity of these results to the assumptions and parameter settings used in the model. |
| Keywords: | Economic Modelling, R&D, ICT, Endogenous Growth |
| JEL: | C68 O30 O52 H20 |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc97907&r=ict |
| By: | Panagiotis Kampylis (European Commission – JRC - IPTS); Yves Punie (European Commission – JRC - IPTS); Jim Devine (DEVINE Policy - Projects - Innovation) |
| Abstract: | Digital technologies are being incorporated in exciting and promising ways at all levels of education. To consolidate progress and to ensure scale and sustainability education institutions need to review their organisational strategies in order to enhance their capacity for innovation and to exploit the full potential of digital technologies and content. This report presents the European Framework for Digitally-Competent Educational Organisations (DigCompOrg). This framework can facilitate transparency and comparability between related initiatives throughout Europe and play a role in addressing fragmentation and uneven development across the Member States. The primary purposes of DigCompOrg framework are (i) to encourage self-reflection and self-assessment within educational organisations as they progressively deepen their engagement with digital learning and pedagogies (ii) to enable policy makers to design, implement and evaluate policy interventions for the integration and effective use of digital learning technologies. |
| Keywords: | Digitally-competent educational organisations, innovation in education, European Framework for Digitally-Competent Eeducational Organisations, educational policy, digital learning technologies, self-assessment questionnaire, ICT for learning and skills |
| JEL: | I20 I21 I23 I28 I29 |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc98209&r=ict |
| By: | Nam, Kee-Yung (Asian Development Bank); Cham, Maria Rowena (Asian Development Bank); Halili, Paulo Rodelio (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | Myanmar’s recent socioeconomic and political reforms have signaled a readiness to reintegrate into the world economy. To leapfrog the economy and accelerate growth, the country should take advantage of digital technology. This paper assesses Myanmar’s information and communication technology sector, identifies constraints the sector faces, and recommends policies that will help the government overcome them. Given limited public resources, Myanmar will need help translating its information and communication technology infrastructure needs into financially viable and bankable projects that can attract private sector financing. |
| Keywords: | e-governance; ICT infrastructure; information and communication technology development; Myanmar; telecommunications |
| JEL: | L86 L88 L96 L98 |
| Date: | 2015–11–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0462&r=ict |
| By: | Baert, Stijn (Ghent University) |
| Abstract: | We investigate whether the publicly available information on Facebook about job applicants affects employers' hiring decisions. To this end, we conduct a field experiment in which fictitious job applications are sent to real job openings in Belgium. The only characteristic in which these candidates differ is the unique Facebook profile that can be found online with their name. Candidates with the most beneficial Facebook picture obtain approximately 39% more job interview invitations compared to candidates with the least beneficial picture. In addition, we find suggestive evidence for a higher effect of Facebook profile picture appearance on hiring chances when candidates are highly educated and when recruiters are female. |
| Keywords: | hiring, screening, Facebook, Internet, personality, attractiveness |
| JEL: | C93 D83 J24 J79 L86 |
| Date: | 2015–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9584&r=ict |
| By: | Schröder, Christian; Schlepphorst, Susanne; Kay, Rosemarie |
| Abstract: | Die Befragung von überwiegend mittelständischen Unternehmen zeigt, dass diese der Digitalisierung eine hohe Bedeutung fürs eigene Unternehmen beimessen. Für international aktive Unternehmen ist die Bedeutung nochmals höher. Defizite in der Umsetzung digitaler Prozesse sind eher in den mittelgroßen Unternehmen zu beobachten, in denen einzelne Funktionsbereiche seltener digital unterstützt werden als in kleinen oder großen Unternehmen. Das dürfte auch im Zusammenhang mit den ausgeprägten Sicherheitsbedenken, insbesondere der innovativen Unternehmen stehen. Dass sich die Digitalisierung für Unternehmen lohnt, deutet der positive Zusammenhang zwischen Unternehmen mit hohem Umsatzwachstum und einem gleichzeitig hohen Digitalisierungsgrad an. |
| Abstract: | The study on predominantly small- and medium-sized companies reveals that they are highly aware of the relevance of digitalization. International-oriented companies attach even more importance to digitalization. In comparison to companies of small or large sizes, the midsized ones show greater deficits in implementing digital processes, i.e., functional areas are less frequently assisted digitally. This may, among other things, stem from pronounced safety concerns, particularly as regards innovative companies. The positive relationship between companies with high growth in turnover and a simultaneous high degree of digitalization indicates that digitalization is worth it. |
| Keywords: | Digitalisierung,Mittelstand,Befragung,digitalization,survey |
| JEL: | D22 L23 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifmmat:244&r=ict |