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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Louis Raffestin (UP1 UFR02 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I) |
| Abstract: | The dissertation attempts to estimate the impact of Information and Communication Technologies investment (ICT) on price setting at the sectoral level. The paper therefore fills a gap in the literature on the "new economy", which has so far focused mainly on the effect of ICT on productivity and wages. We define two possible channels : a "direct"one stemming from the decreasing cost of ICT capital, and an "indirect" coming from the productivity gains that ICT provides. We run regressions using panel data on the evolution of prices for 24 industries in two countries : the US and the Netherlands. We estimate the direct effect by including the evolution of total costs then splitting in into prices and volumes growth rates of each factor including ICT capital. The indirect effect, on the other hand, is captured using several 5 years moving average indicators of ICT investment and complementary investments that accompany it. We provide, what we believe, to be fairly reliable estimations of the price effect, and find suggestive evidence for the productivity channel. |
| Date: | 2011–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:dumas-00646563&r=ict |
| By: | Spyros Arvanitis (KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich, Switzerland); Euripidis N. Loukis (University of the Aegean, Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, Greece); Vasiliki Diamantopoulou (University of the Aegean, Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, Greece) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the relationship between indicators for the intensity of use of ICT (examining three different types of ICT widely used in firms: internal, e-sales, e-procurement IS), several forms of workplace organization, and human capital on one hand, and several measures of innovation performance at firm level on the other hand, in an innovation equation framework, in which was also controlled for standard innovation determinants such as demand, competition and firm size. The empirical part is based on data of Swiss and Greek firms. This paper contributes to literature in three ways: first, it analyzes three important factors, i.e. information technology, workplace organization and human capital, which are considered to be drivers of innovation performance particularly in the last fifteen to twenty years, in the same setting, it uses several innovation indicators that cover both the input and the output side of the innovation process and, third, it does the analysis in a comparative setting for two countries, Greece and Switzerland, with quite different levels of technological and economic development. |
| Keywords: | ICT, workplace organization, product innovation, process innovation |
| JEL: | O31 |
| Date: | 2013–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kof:wpskof:13-333&r=ict |
| By: | Borrero, Juan D. (University of Huelva); Gualda Caballero, Estrella (University of Huelva) |
| Abstract: | Tags and keywords, freely chosen by users for annotating resources, offer a new way for organizing and retrieving web resources that closely reflect the users’ interests and preferences, as well as automatically generate folksonomies. Social tagging systems have gained increasing popularity as a method for annotating and categorizing a wide range of different web resources. They also attract researchers in social sciences because they offer a huge quantity of user-generated annotations that reveal the interests of millions of people. To date, the study using digital trace data methods continues to lack a theoretical framework, particularly in social science research. This paper presents a methodology to use big data from Web 2.0 in social research. At the same time, it applies a method to extract data from a particular social bookmarking site (Delicious) and shows the sort of results that this type of analysis can offer to social scientists. The illustration is made around the topic of globalization of agriculture. Using data crawled from a large social tagging system can have an important impact in the discovering of latent patterns, which is needed to provide effective recommendations to different actors. In this paper, a sample of 851 users, 526 URLs and 1,700 tags from the Delicious classification system on the subject of globalization were retrieved and analyzed. Through the analysis, main users and websites around globalization issues in Delicious emerged, along with discovering the most important tags that were applied by users to describe the globalization of agriculture. The implications of these methodology and findings for further research are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Information Retrieval; Social Network Analysis; Collaborative Tagging; Web 2.0 |
| JEL: | C81 D85 |
| Date: | 2013–03–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:cieodp:2013_007&r=ict |
| By: | Elena Casprini (Istituto di Management - Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa); Alberto Di Minin (Istituto di Management - Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates how companies are facing the social media revolution en course. Web 2.0 technology has forced firms to reconsider their business models and strategies. As well as it happened in the first digital revolution led by Web 1.0 technology, the advent of the second digital revolution led by Web 2.0 has created new opportunities and threats that firms need to cope with. Internet has had an impact on both business models and firms’ practices, since it has created a new market space, changed the role of the customers and modified marketing strategies. Based on both theory as well as empirical cases, the study shows that strong similarities exists between the two digital revolutions. Old economic and managerial models are still valid while companies can either take a passive approach or they can try to adapt, but only outliers are leading the transformations and are redefining business models and practices in their industries. |
| Keywords: | Social media, Web 2.0, business model, strategy |
| JEL: | O30 |
| Date: | 2013–02–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sse:wpaper:201302&r=ict |
| By: | Maria de Hoyos (University of Warwick, Institute for Employment Research); Anne Green (University of Warwick, Institute for Employment Research); Sally-Anne Barnes (University of Warwick, Institute for Employment Research); Heike Behle (University of Warwick, Institute for Employment Research); Beate Baldauf (University of Warwick, Institute for Employment Research); David Owen (University of Warwick, Institute for Employment Research) |
| Abstract: | IPTS has launched a research project on how ICT can support employability, in the context of its policy support activities for the implementation of the Europe 2020 strategy, and the Digital Agenda for Europe. As a first step, JRC-IPTS contracted the Institute of Employment Research, University of Warwick, UK to prepare: a) a review of the literature on employability, its dimensions and the factors which affect it in general and for groups at risk of exclusion, namely migrants, youth and older workers; and b) a report on how ICT contribute to employability, support the reduction of barriers and create pathways to employment for all and also for the three specific groups at risk of exclusion. This report presents the findings of the second part of the research. |
| Keywords: | Employability, inclusion, ICT, Digital Agenda for Europe |
| Date: | 2013–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc78601&r=ict |
| By: | Eiji Yamamura |
| Abstract: | A growing number of studies have explored the influence of institution on the outcomes of disasters and accidents from the viewpoint of political economy. This paper focuses on the probability of the occurrence of disasters rather than disaster outcomes. Using panel data from 98 countries, this paper examines how public sector corruption is associated with the probability of technological disasters. It was found that public sector corruption raises the probability of technological disasters. This result is robust when endogeneity bias is controlled. |
| Keywords: | Corruption, Institution, Disasters, Risk |
| JEL: | D73 D81 Q54 |
| Date: | 2013–01–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eei:rpaper:eeri_rp_2013_02&r=ict |
| By: | Antonello E. Scorcu (Department of Economics, University of Bologna, Italy); Laura Vici (Department of Economics, University of Bologna, Italy)) |
| Abstract: | The role of economic factors, such as family income, the price of illegal reproductions of books, the enforcement rules and the expected penalties are considered the main determinants of the possible infringements of the copyright law. However, the comparison between individual economic gains and losses offers only a partial explanation, as also cultural individual habits and peer effects exert important influences. Using a unique dataset based on a survey conducted at the University of Bologna, Italy, this paper analyses empirically the relevance of socio-economic as well as cultural determinants in the decision process of using illegal copies of university textbooks. From a policy perspective, the analysis suggests that an effective enforcement of the copyright rules should take into account the cultural behavior and students’ learning practices. |
| Keywords: | Copyright, textbooks, illegal copying |
| JEL: | Z11 |
| Date: | 2013–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cue:wpaper:awp-01-2013&r=ict |