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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Hiranya K. Nath (Department of Economics and International Business, Sam Houston State University); Lirong Liu (Department of Economics and International Business, Sam Houston State University) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the effects of information and communications technology (ICT) on international trade in emerging markets. Using panel data for 40 emerging market economies (EMEs) for a period from 1995 to 2010, we estimate fixed effects models of exports and imports on ICT and other control variables. Our ICT variables include the growth of telecom investment, international Internet bandwidth, Internet subscriptions per 100 people, and the number of Internet hosts per 100 people. We use the share of total exports and of total imports in GDP as the dependent variables. Additionally, we consider the GDP share of exports and imports for goods and services separately. The main control variables are: per capita GDP growth, population growth, and the GDP growth for the rest of the world. The empirical results overwhelmingly suggest that Internet bandwidth, Internet subscriptions, and Internet hosts have significant positive impacts on export share while all four ICT variables including telecom investment growth have significant positive impacts on import shares in emerging market economies. This result is robust across shorter sample period, a subsample of EMEs, alternative estimation method, and alternative model specifications. There are important policy implications of this result for developing countries. |
| Date: | 2012–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:shs:wpaper:1205&r=ict |
| By: | Cecere, Grazia; Le Guel, Fabrice; Soulié, Nicolas |
| Abstract: | The development of computing technologies and Internet has made possible to capture, save and analyse increasing mount of personal information, which might impact public concern about privacy. The present article aims at analysing Internet privacy concerns in respect to social network website. We use a well-suited dataset of 23 087 individuals collected by the European Union in 2009 in all member states. Fitting an ordered logit model, we examine the variables associated with the probability to have high privacy concerns in order to draw policy and regulatory implications. The results show that institutional framework ensuring comprehensive national efforts to safeguard privacy increases the probability to be worried about possible misuse of private data. Additionally, we observe that socio-demographic variables affect the perception of individual personal data use/misuse. |
| Keywords: | economics of privacy; social network websites; privacy paradox |
| JEL: | L96 D12 K39 |
| Date: | 2012 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:41437&r=ict |
| By: | Biewen, Elena; Gruhl, Anja (Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]); Gürke, Christopher; Hethey-Maier, Tanja (Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany]); Weiß, Emanuel |
| Abstract: | "In the project 'Combined firm data for Germany' (KombiFiD) firm data from different institutions were merged and made available for research for the first time. The institutions involved in the project faced considerable challenges both due to the narrow legal limits underlying such a merging procedure and as a result of the partial lack of a unique identifier. This paper provides an overview of the objectives associated with the project and its progress." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)) |
| Keywords: | IAB-kombinierte Firmendaten, Datensatzbeschreibung, Datenaufbereitung, Unternehmen, Panel, Datenzugang, Methodenliteratur |
| Date: | 2012–04–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iab:iabfme:201205_de&r=ict |
| By: | Shen, Kailing (Xiamen University); Kuhn, Peter J. (University of California, Santa Barbara) |
| Abstract: | Can having more education than a job requires reduce one's chances of being offered the job? We study this question in a sample of applications to jobs that are posted on an urban Chinese website. We find that being overqualified in this way does not reduce the success rates of university-educated jobseekers applying to college-level jobs, but that it does hurt college-educated workers' chances when applying to jobs requiring technical school, which involves three fewer years of education than college. Our results highlight a difficult situation faced by the recent large cohort of college-educated Chinese workers: They seem to fare poorly in the competition for jobs, both when pitted against more-educated university graduates, and when pitted against less-educated technical school graduates. |
| Keywords: | overqualification, job search, internet, China |
| JEL: | J64 J24 |
| Date: | 2012–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp6848&r=ict |
| By: | Jeon, Doh-Shin; Jullien, Bruno; Klimenko, Mikhail M. |
| Abstract: | The World Wide Web was originally a totally English-based medium due to its US origin. Although the presence of other languages has steadily risen, content in English is still dominant, which raises a natural question of how bilingualism of consumers of a home country affects production of web content in the home language and domestic welfare? In this paper, we address this question by studying how bilingualism affects competition between a foreign search engine and a domestic one within a small country and thereby production of home language content. We find that bilingualism unambiguously softens platform competition, which in turn can induce a reduction in home language content and in home country's welfare. In particular, it is possible that content in the foreign language crowds out so much content in the home language that consumers enjoy less content when they are bilingual than when they are monolingual. |
| Keywords: | bilingualism; international trade; language; platform; search engine; two-sided market |
| JEL: | D21 D43 F12 L13 L86 |
| Date: | 2012–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:9144&r=ict |
| By: | Michele Cincera; Antonio Estache; Lauriane Dewulf |
| Abstract: | This paper presents an updated empirical assessment of the relative effectiveness of intra-platform and inter-platform competition in terms of broadband diffusion in Europe between 2003 and 2010. It relies on an econometric analysis of 18 European countries. To approximate two forms of competition within a same platform, we distinguish between service-based access and facility-based access. The first type requires less investment from entrants than the second which allows entrants to differentiate their product. Our results update and validate earlier studies. We show that service-based intra-platform competition brought by access regulation is still not an accelerating factor of broadband diffusion (or investment) in Europe. In contrast, we find that both facility-based intra-platform competition brought by access regulation and inter-platform competition brought by the deployment of non-DSL technologies effectively fuels broadband diffusion. In sum, many EU countries may have underestimated the potential payoff of stimulating product differentiation through inter-platform and service-based intra-platform competition for the diffusion of broadband in Europe. |
| Keywords: | ICT; broadband diffusion; competition |
| JEL: | D43 L43 L63 |
| Date: | 2012–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eca:wpaper:2013/128909&r=ict |