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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | Paul Carrillo; Mercedes Onofa; Juan Ponce |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effects of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the school environment on educational achievement. To quantify these effects, the impact is evaluated of a project run by the municipality of Guayaquil, Ecuador, which provides computer-aided instruction in mathematics and language to students in primary schools. Using an experimental design, it is found that the program had a positive impact on mathematics test scores (about 0.30 of a standard deviation) and a negative but statistically insignificant effect on language test scores. The impact is heterogeneous and is much larger for those students at the top of the achievement distribution. |
| Keywords: | Information and communications technology, Education, Experimental design, Ecuador |
| JEL: | C93 I21 |
| Date: | 2011–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:wpaper:4698&r=ict |
| By: | Luc Behaghel; Eve Caroli; Emmanuelle Walkowiak |
| Abstract: | Following the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT), firms are likely to face increasing skill requirements. They may react either by training or hiring the new skills, or by a combination of both. We first show that ICT are indeed skill biased and we then assess the relative importance of external and internal labour market strategies. We show that skill upgrading following ICT adoption takes place mostly through internal labour markets adjustments. The introduction of ICT is associated with an upward shift in firms' occupational structure, of which one third is due to hiring and firing workers from and to the external labour market, whereas two-thirds are due to promotions. Moreover, we find no compelling evidence of external labour market strategies based on "excess turnover". In contrast, French firms heavily rely on training in order to upgrade the skill level of their workforce, even if this varies across industries. |
| Keywords: | Technical change, labour turnover, skill bias, training, internal labour markets |
| JEL: | J23 J24 J41 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2011-4&r=ict |
| By: | Ben aoun , Leila; Dubrocard, Anne |
| Abstract: | This study has two main contributions summarized as follows: 1. Impact of ICT on the capacities of innovation: The most intensive firms in ICT are also those that tend more frequently to innovate and to combine several innovations types - i.e. they are also “intensive innovator”. However, this assertion must be moderate when the type of combination of innovation is taken into account and either only the number. 2. Innovation impact on firms’ performance: In first seen, effects of the innovation depend on the intensity of innovation activities measured as number of innovations of various types implemented during the last period. In the second approach, detailed analysis of the particular combinations of innovation deployed show different performance. Moreover, all combinations of innovation do not produce positive effects and, according to the desired effects, some combinations appear more effective. More precisely, the expected impacts of each type of innovation are more frequently reached when the innovation combined at least organizational change with others. |
| Keywords: | innovation; TIC; Luxembourg; effect; ACM |
| JEL: | D21 L25 C0 O52 |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:28375&r=ict |
| By: | Ana Balsa; Nestor Gandelman |
| Abstract: | This paper summarizes randomized experiment to study the effects of an Internetbased intervention on type 2 diabetes patients in Montevideo, Uruguay. The intervention consisted of a specially designed website and an electronic social network where participants were able to navigate freely, download materials, and interact with other diabetics and with specialists. No significant impact was found on participants` knowledge, behavior, or health outcomes. It was also found that only a minority of patients logged on to the website, and most were only reached by email and mobile text (SMS). Participation in the website is correlated with patients` characteristics, such as gender, marital status, and education. |
| Keywords: | Randomized trial, Diabetes, Public health, Uruguay |
| JEL: | C93 I1 O31 |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:wpaper:4703&r=ict |