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on Information and Communication Technologies |
| By: | de Vaujany, FranÃÂÃÂÃÂçois-Xavier |
| Abstract: | Most research on structuration or the appropriation of ICT in organizations has put aside the problem of dyschronies. It has not taken into account the differences in nature, speed, and temporality of changes that co-exist within an organization. To address this limitation, the author of this paper suggests a model based on the theory of practice and neo-institutionalist perspectives, so as to make sense of the co-evolution of intra-organizational fields. This model, which proposes a balance between various institutional tensions, has been worked out inductively from a longitudinal case study on communication fields within the Roman Curia, the administrative headquarters of the Catholic Church located in the Vatican. These tensions are related to socio-technical, socio-theological, socio-organizational, and socio-economic areas. A set of propositions regarding the link between intra-organizational fields and tensions and the relationships between intra-organizational fields (parallel, convergent, and competing evolutions) is proposed. |
| Keywords: | Keywords: Dyschronies; structuration; intra-organizational fields; communication; medias; ICT; Roman Curia. |
| JEL: | M10 |
| Date: | 2006 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:4082&r=ict |
| By: | Ramanuajm, Padmanabha |
| Abstract: | Geert Hofstede presented statistical evidence purporting to identify intercultural co-operation and its importance for survival in his scholarship work ÃÂâÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂcultures and organizationsÃÂâÃÂÃÂÃÂÃÂ. This article presents a study, which describes how differences in national culture can affect or influence the participation of programmers who produce open source software (OSS). The four important dimensions of national cultures considered by Hofstede model namely Power Distance Index (PDI), Individualism Index (IAV), Masculinity-Feminity Index (MAS) and Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) are selected and correlated with the Geographical Distribution of Developers Index (GDD) for testing the above hypothesis. It is suggested that there exists some correlation between the cultural factors and the demographics of programmers who participate in the open source movement. Finally, the manner in which these cultural factors impinge on the incentives of the programmers who are engaged in open source movement by writing codes for free are also discussed. |
| Keywords: | Open Source Movement; FLOSS; Culture Difference and Hofstede Model |
| JEL: | K10 L19 L17 L10 K19 |
| Date: | 2007–07–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:4182&r=ict |
| By: | Flavio Cunha; James J. Heckman; Salvador Navarro |
| Abstract: | This paper extends the widely used ordered choice model by introducing stochastic thresholds and interval-specific outcomes. The model can be interpreted as a generalization of the GAFT (MPH) framework for discrete duration data that jointly models durations and outcomes associated with different stopping times. We establish conditions for nonparametric identification. We interpret the ordered choice model as a special case of a general discrete choice model and as a special case of a dynamic discrete choice model. |
| JEL: | C31 |
| Date: | 2007–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberte:0340&r=ict |