|
on Human Capital and Human Resource Management |
| By: | Le Van, Cuong; Luong, Thai Bao; Nguyen, Manh-Hung; Nguyen, Tu-Anh |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ler:wpaper:10.22.328&r=hrm |
| By: | Manuel Garçon (CEREGMIA, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane); Josselin Garnier (Laboratoire PMA et Jacques-Louis Lions, Université Paris 7); Abdennebi Omrane (CEREGMIA, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane) |
| Abstract: | We analyze a probability-migration model based on the threshold of average human capital as in H.-J. Chen [1]. The difficult and interesting case is the one where the probability of migration is dependent on current average human capital (the anticipative case). Here, indeterminacy occurs, and one has to study a lot of subcases. In the present article we deeply study new interesting cases and we give a global answer. |
| Keywords: | Human capital, Education, Migration, Indeterminacy, Economic growth, Threshold human capital, Fixed point, Optimistic and pessimistic mechanisms, Conservative mechanism |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crg:wpaper:dt2010-08&r=hrm |
| By: | M. Conti; Giovanni Sulis |
| Abstract: | Using data for 51 manufacturing and service sector for the period 1970-2005 in 14 countries, this paper show that employment protection legislation has a negative and significant effect on growth of value added and hours of work in more human capital intensive sectors. We argue that labour market regulation has a negative impact on the technology adoption mechanism through its heterogeneous impact on firms workforce adjustment requirements. In fact, technology adoption depends both on the skill level of the workforce and the capacity of firms to optimally adjust their employment levels as technology changes. As a consequence, firing costs have a relatively stronger impact in sectors in which technology adoption is more important. Our empirical results are robust to various sensitivity checks such as interactions of human capital intensity with other country level variables, of employment protection with other sector level variables and endogeneity of firing restrictions. We also show that the negative effect of EPL is stronger the smaller the distance from the technology frontier and after the 1990s. |
| Keywords: | Growth; Human Capital; Technology Adoption; Employment Protection Legislation; Sectors |
| JEL: | J24 J65 O47 O52 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cns:cnscwp:201028&r=hrm |
| By: | Emanuela Marrocu; Raffaele Paci |
| Abstract: | There is a large consensus among researchers on the positive role played by human capital on economic performances although the debate on its measurement (education or creativity) is still open. This paper aims to disentangle this issue by proposing a disaggregation of human capital into three non-overlapping categories. Using a spatial error model to account for spatial dependence, we assess the concurrent effect of the human capital indicators on total factor productivity for the EU27 regions. Our results indicate that the highly educated creative group is the most relevant one in explaining production efficiency while the other two categories - non creative graduates and bohemians - exhibit negligible effects. Moreover, a relevant influence is exerted by technological capital and by the level of tolerance providing robust evidence that a highly educated, innovative, open and culturally diverse environment is becoming more and more central for productivity enhancements. |
| Keywords: | human capital; creativity; education; TFP; European regions |
| JEL: | R10 O30 J24 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cns:cnscwp:201031&r=hrm |
| By: | A. Arrighetti; A. Lasagni |
| Abstract: | Firm growth is a selective and non-homogeneous phenomenon. In fact, “Most firms start small, live small and die small” (Davidsson et al. 2005). Few firms seem to grow in a rapid way, but their contribution to employment growth is often impressive. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze both external and internal factors which can affect the probability of being a high-growth firm (henceforth HGF) in Italy. We found that HGFs are on average young firms and are present in different sectors, but the role of demand is important to understand their performance. The most original results of this paper regard endogenous determinants of fast growth. First, we found that the concentration of ownership is important for HGFs that grow in sales. Second, the quality of human capital is a strong point for firms experiencing rapid employment growth. |
| Keywords: | : high-growth firms, firm growth, human capital, rapid firm growth |
| JEL: | D24 L25 L26 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:par:dipeco:2010-ep07&r=hrm |
| By: | Cooray, Arusha (University of Wollongong) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effect of the quantity and quality of education on economic growth. Using a number of proxy variables for the quantity and quality of education in a cross section of low and medium income countries, this study finds that education quantity when measured by enrolment ratios, unambiguously influences economic growth. The effect of government expenditure on economic growth is largely indirect through its impact on improved education quality. |
| Keywords: | Economic Growth, Education Quantity, Enrolment, Government Spending on Education, Education Quality, Cross Country |
| JEL: | O11 O15 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uow:depec1:wp10-14&r=hrm |
| By: | Stark, Oded |
| Abstract: | In this paper I delineate novel policy repercussions suggested by my research on âThe New Economics of the Brain Drain.â In section 1, I provide a succinct account of the model that inspires the derivation of several new policy implications. In sections 2 through 5, I present the policy implications. I address the following questions: When and how can migration to a country substitute for educational subsidies in that country? Who should be admitted when the receiving country cares about the wellbeing of the unskilled workers who stay behind in the sending country? How and why the incentives to form human capital in the sending country will have a paradoxical effect on the migration policy of the receiving country? How and why will the level of a separating tax imposed by the destination country be reduced by the human capital formation calculus in the sending country? I conclude that the policy implications delineated in the paper illustrate the power and appeal of âThe New Economics of the Brain Drainâ as a framework for rethinking the formation of sound policy responses to migration. |
| Keywords: | The New Economics of the Brain Drain, Policy formation, Labor and Human Capital, Political Economy, |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:ubzefd:98003&r=hrm |
| By: | Jens Mohrenweiser (Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung Mannheim (ZEW) (Centre for European Economic Research)); Thomas Zwick (LMU Munich); Uschi Backes-Gellner (Institute for Strategy and Business Economics, University of Zurich) |
| Abstract: | A series of seminal theoretical papers argues that poaching may hamper company sponsored training. Extent, determinants and consequences of poaching remain an open empirical question, however. We address the empirical challenge of identifying poaching and its consequences using the unique institutional framework of the German apprenticeship training system. The Vocational Training Act provides an unambiguous and transparent definition of visible, measurable and transferable training across firms. We identify those establishments that cannot keep their best apprenticeship graduates. For these graduates in addition the poaching enterprise pays a wage above the wage of those who stay in the training establishment. We show that a small number of training establishments in Germany are poaching victims. These establishments train more apprentices than firms which can attract their apprenticeship graduates. |
| Keywords: | poaching, company-sponsored training, recruiting, apprenticeship |
| JEL: | J24 M51 M53 |
| Date: | 2010–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iso:educat:0051&r=hrm |
| By: | Antoci, Angelo; Sabatini, Fabio; Sodini, Mauro |
| Abstract: | This paper proposes an evolutionary framework to explore the dynamics of social interaction in an environment characterized by online networking and increasing pressure on time. The model shows how time pressure encourages the choice to develop social interactions also through online networking instead of relying exclusively on face to face encounters. Our findings suggest that the joint influence exerted by the reduction in leisure time and the new opportunities of participation offered by web-mediated communication may progressively lead a growing share of the population to adopt networking sites as an indispensable environment for the development of interpersonal relationships. |
| Keywords: | internet; computer-mediated communication; social networking; online networks; Facebook; human interaction; social capital |
| JEL: | O33 Z13 D85 C73 |
| Date: | 2010–12–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:27661&r=hrm |