|
on Human Capital and Human Resource Management |
| By: | Shankha Chakraborty |
| Abstract: | Available evidence suggests high intergenerational correlation of economic status, and persistent disparities in health status between the rich and the poor. This paper proposes a novel mechanism linking the two. Health human capital is introduced into a two-period overlapping generations model. [CDE WP No. 119]. |
| Keywords: | Life Expectancy, human capital, intergenerational correlation, Health, Human Capital, Income Distribution, health status, rich, poor, intergenerational mobility, equity, US economy |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ess:wpaper:id:2365&r=hrm |
| By: | Michael Fritsch (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, School of Economics and Business Administration, Chair of Business Dynamics, Innovation, and Economic Change); Alina Rusakova (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, School of Economics and Business Administration, Chair of Business Dynamics, Innovation, and Economic Change) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the relationship between cultural creativity and entrepreneurship in two respects: first, cultural and personal creativity as a characteristic of self-employed individuals; second, self-employment in professions that can be classified as belonging to the 'Creative Class' as compared to the non-creative class. The analysis is based on micro-data for individuals of the German Socio Economic Panel (SOEP). We find, indeed, some significant links between entrepreneurship and cultural creativity that deserve further investigation. |
| Keywords: | Entrepreneurship, new business formation, cultural creativity, creative class |
| JEL: | L26 Z1 |
| Date: | 2010–01–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2010-001&r=hrm |
| By: | Tulio A. Cravo (Loughborough University); Elias Soukiazis (University of Coimbra) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the convergence process in Brazil over the period of 1985-2004, giving a special attention to the role of human capital as a conditioning factor to convergence. It examines how different levels of human capital influence growth in different regions of Brazil. Different measures of human capital are used in the growth regressions and the results show that they play a significant role in explaining the growth process. The evidence indicates that different levels of human capital have different impacts on the per capita income growth, depending on the level of development of the states. Lower levels of human capital explain better the convergence among the less developed states and higher levels of human capital are more adequate among the more developed states. The impact of the relative intermediate levels of human capital on growth is stronger in all samples, suggesting the existence of threshold effect in education. |
| Keywords: | conditional convergence, human capital thresholds, panel data |
| JEL: | O O1 O15 |
| Date: | 2009 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inf:wpaper:2009.1&r=hrm |
| By: | Fali Huang (Singapore Management University) |
| Abstract: | Much evidence suggests individuals differ in their predisposition to cooperate, which is essentially a component of human capital. This paper examines the role of individual cooperative tendencies and their interactions with institutions in generating social trust; it also endogenizes cooperative tendencies using a human capital investment model. Multiple equilibria and inefficiencies exist due to positive externalities. An innovative finding is that, when institutions are more effective in punishing defecting behaviors, more people invest in cooperative tendencies and hence the endogenous social trust is higher, though the equilibrium cooperative tendencies are lower. This paper provides a plausible explanation for many empirical and experimental results. |
| Keywords: | human capital, human capital investment model, endogenous social trust, cooperative tendencies |
| JEL: | Z13 J24 |
| Date: | 2010–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eab:laborw:1534&r=hrm |
| By: | Santiago-Rodriguez, Fernando (UNU-MERIT) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the influence of human resource management on learning from internal and external sources of knowledge. Learning for innovation is a key ingredient of catching-up processes. The analysis builds on survey data about pharmaceutical firms in Mexico. Results show that the influence of human resource management is contingent on the knowledge flows and innovation goals pursued by the firm. Practices such as training-- particularly from external partners; and remuneration for performance are conducive to learning for innovation. |
| Keywords: | Learning, R&D, human resource management, pharmaceuticals, Mexico |
| JEL: | O31 O32 O54 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:unumer:2010002&r=hrm |
| By: | Le Thi Ai Lam (Philippine Institute for Development Studies) |
| Abstract: | In the last twenty years, the Philippines has gained a good progress in poverty reduction. However, compared to other countries in the region, the Philippines is still behind. In the early years of the 21st century, more than a third of the Philippine population lives below the poverty line. With landless status, the poor depended largely on labor with its embedded educational capital. However, in education, the rich and the poor are separated by two different educational divisions--private and public--and of high quality and low-quality education. Poor children encounter lack of access to quality education due to a high dropping out rate at an early age and going to public schools that offer low quality education. The lack of access to quality education has affected the poor more severely when there was poor job generation, relative deterioration of unskilled labor situation, and low rate of return on education at basic levels. The poor faced high rate of underemployment and low income. The government is aware of the educational lack of the poor, but there are a number of factors that prevent the poor having access to quality education. To an extent, government spending policies on education was not geared toward pro-poor. Furthermore, opportunity costs and their unfavorable outcomes in labor markets prevent further improvements of early and high dropout rate of the poor as a result of weaknesses in policy implementation. |
| Keywords: | poverty, education, human resource development, labor, Philippines |
| JEL: | I32 O15 J20 |
| Date: | 2010–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eab:develo:1752&r=hrm |
| By: | Nguyen Thi Kim Dung; Nguyen Manh Hai; Tran Thi Hanh; Tran Kim Chung (Central Institute for Economic Management) |
| Abstract: | As revealed in the previous studies, the earning decomposition based on secondary data has appeared less informative with respect to the actual and perceived barriers to the integration of labour markets. Hence, additional information is needed to determine what are the biggest constraints of finding ‘good’ jobs? What are the perceived chances of finding ‘good’ jobs and how stable are they? What other individual characteristics besides formal human capital increase the chances of finding ‘good’ jobs? Do certain labour market segments carry a ‘stigma’ such that it becomes more difficult to move to other segments? As such, the fieldwork has been designed to gather this additional information among a number of the poor wage workers. It is expected that this information is both corroborate the earlier market segmentation analysis based on secondary data as well as provides additional insights into the functioning of labour markets in Vietnam, especially those for the poor. |
| Keywords: | Vietnam, Labour Market Segmentation |
| JEL: | D31 D81 J40 |
| Date: | 2010–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eab:laborw:1977&r=hrm |