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on History and Philosophy of Economics |
| By: | Gómez Herráez, José María (Universitat Jaume I) |
| Abstract: | Las concepciones económicas y sociales de Manuel Azaña no han recibido la atención diferenciada que su pensamiento político y su actuación en cargos supremos durante la república española sí tuvieron. Sin embargo, en sus intervenciones entre 1900 y 1930 estas ideas resultan fundamentales tanto por su interés en interpretar y superar el atraso económico español en el contexto europeo como por el modo en que tales nociones marcan otras reflexiones suyas, como las de carácter político. Desde que en abril de 1931 asumió altas funciones de gestión bajo el nuevo régimen republicano, los temas de la reforma agraria, la hacienda pública y otros diversos de naturaleza económica y social adquirieron clara primacía en sus discursos y en sus diarios. Durante la guerra civil española y en su exilio inicial, Azaña opina sobre cuestiones como el proceso revolucionario promovido principalmente por anarquistas y la adversa coyuntura económica de los años treinta como principal inconveniente para el sistema republicano. |
| Keywords: | Manuel Azaña; segunda república española; ideas económicas y sociales; regeneracionismo; reforma agraria; finanzas públicas |
| JEL: | B31 N33 N34 O20 P16 |
| Date: | 2024–11–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000418:021232 |
| By: | Prashant Garg; Thiemo Fetzer |
| Abstract: | We analyze over 44, 000 economics working papers from 1980–2023 using a custom language model to construct knowledge graphs mapping economic concepts and their relationships, distinguishing between general claims and those supported by causal inference methods. The share of causal claims within papers rose from about 4% in 1990 to 28% in 2020, reflecting the “credibility revolution.” Our findings reveal a trade-off between factors enhancing publication in top journals and those driving citation impact. While employing causal inference methods, introducing novel causal relationships, and engaging with less central, specialized concepts increase the likelihood of publication in top 5 journals, these features do not necessarily lead to higher citation counts. Instead, papers focusing on central concepts tend to receive more citations once published. However, papers with intricate, interconnected causal narratives—measured by the complexity and depth of causal channels—are more likely to be both published in top journals and receive more citations. Finally, we observe a decline in reporting null results and increased use of private data, which may hinder transparency and replicability of economics research, highlighting the need for research practices that enhance both credibility and accessibility. |
| Keywords: | knowledge graph, credibility revolution, causal inference, narrative complexity, null results, private data, large language models |
| JEL: | A10 B41 C18 C80 D83 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_11462 |
| By: | Kong, Lingkai |
| Abstract: | Current federalism research is dominated by the successful American model, focusing on a territorialized, mono-national constitutional federalism, where individuals of different nations within a specific territorial scope are jointly subject to and protected by the state. However, this is not the only way federalism can address the coexistence of multiple nations. By reviewing historical figures and theoretical narratives, as well as incorporating contemporary federal theorists on plurality and multiracial coexistence, this study seeks to shed light on a non-territorialized alternative arrangement. Once, facing the complex national coexistence within the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austrian Marxist Karl Renner proposed the personal principle and cultural autonomy, attempting to reshape the federal structure of the Austro-Hungarian Empire through a non-territorial arrangement. Renner reorganizes national communities as legal entities to act as intermediaries between individuals and the state, and to implement non-territorial economic, political, and cultural management for individuals of their own nations. This study also explores the model's non-territorial character, its treaty-based character, and its embodiment of federalism as norm. In Renner's view, this attempt could achieve a balance, avoiding both the oppression of minorities by the majority within territorial structures and the centrifugal tendencies of minority groups within specific territorial scopes. Although Renner's federalist reforms ultimately failed, they still provide valuable guidance for dealing with the political reality of multinational coexistence today, demonstrating the inherent potential of a non-territorial, pluralistic, treaty-based federalism. |
| Date: | 2024–11–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:r7hsm |