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on History and Philosophy of Economics |
| By: | Gustavo Lima Moura |
| Abstract: | This article analytically describes the contributions of Keynesian theory in the post-World War I context, by means of a synoptic reading of the bibliographical sources indicated, the Keynesian theory within its own historical and philosophical context. The discussion covers the main concepts of his theory. The aim is, through the excerpts highlighted in the article, to briefly contextualize the origins of the ideas of John Maynard Keynes' economic thought. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.20413 |
| By: | Woodcock, Ramsi |
| Abstract: | The emerging law and political economy movement (LPE) in the United States has mistakenly conflated the conservative law and economics movement of the mid-20th century with law and economics generally. As a result, LPE has failed to draw upon a rich tradition of left-wing law and economic thought that predates the conservative law and economics movement and would provide LPE with powerful analytic tools. Law and economics is not inherently conservative. Indeed, progressives themselves created the field a century ago. The centerpiece of this early work consisted of two key points about the neoclassical approach to economics. The first was that policymakers can structure markets efficiently to produce any distribution of wealth that they desire. In contemporary parlance, law determines the market. The second was that even if a policymaker is constrained to accept a particular market structure, every market generates a surplus that policymakers can in principle redistribute through price regulation or taxation without harming efficiency. In mistakenly rejecting law and economics as enemy propaganda, LPE has found itself fighting old battles or unable to make intellectual headway in new ones. The movement has treated as a major new discovery the now century-old proposition that law determines the market. Unaware of the proposition’s history, LPE has also failed to grasp that conservative law and economics long ago accepted that proposition and parried by arguing that the market also determines the law. This has prevented LPE from offering a rejoinder—a glaring omission given the role this counterattack played in the demise of the New Deal state. Lacking the concept of economic surplus that left-wing law and economics spent so much time developing a century ago, LPE has also found itself unable to appreciate the great variety of the sources of economic power. LPE has instead tended to attribute all economic power to monopoly, leading to a focus on antitrust policy when taxation and rate regulation are more likely to achieve progressive goals. |
| Date: | 2023–03–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:twbrk_v1 |
| By: | Johannes Buchner |
| Abstract: | The aim of this article is to present elements and discuss the potential of a research program at the intersection between mathematics and heterodox economics, which we call Criticial Mathematical Economics (CME). We propose to focus on the mathematical and model-theoretic foundations of controversies in economic policy, and aim at providing an entrance to the literature and an invitation to mathematicians that are potentially interested in such a project. From our point of view, mathematics has been partly misused in mainstream economics to justify `unregulated markets' before the financial crisis. We thus identify two key parts of CME, which leads to a natural structure of this article: The frst focusses on an analysis and critique of mathematical models used in mainstream economics, like e.g. the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) in Macroeconomics and the so-called "Sonnenschein-Mantel-Debreu"-Theorems. The aim of the second part is to improve and extend heterodox models using ingredients from modern mathematics and computer science, a method with strong relation to Complexity Economics. We exemplify this idea by describing how methods from Non-Linear Dynamics have been used in what could be called "The Dynamical Systems approach to Post-Keynesian Macroeconomics", and also discuss (Pseudo-) Goodwin cycles and possible Micro- and Mesofoundations. We conclude by giving an outlook in which areas a collaboration between mathematicians and heterodox economists could be most promising. The focus lies on the mathematical and model-theoretic foundations of controversies in economic policy, and we discuss both existing projects in such a direction as well as areas where new models for policy advice are most needed from the perspective of the progressive political left. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2502.06015 |
| By: | Juskowiak, Piotr |
| Abstract: | In this article, I ask how Henri Lefebvre’s oeuvre can contribute to the foundations for a metromarxist theory of urban commoning. To provide an answer to this question I discuss three main areas in which his thinking about the common emerges – his anthropology, philosophy of the urban, and politics of autogestion. This allows me to emphasize the multidimensionality of the Lefebvre-minded commoning, which manifests itself not only at the level of local activism but also touches the dimensions of the production of subjectivity and the constitution of the urban. Read in this way, Lefebvre’s theory of urban commoning helps us to move beyond some of the limitations of the existing discussion of urban commons, as well as to make room for a more fruitful dialogue between urban scholars and autonomist Marxists. It also equips us with an alternative conceptual framework that potentially enhances post-Lefebvrian projects of direct urban democracy. |
| Date: | 2023–04–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:5gwbk_v1 |
| By: | Żuradzki, Tomasz |
| Abstract: | A dogma accepted in many ethical, religious, and legal frameworks is that the reasons behind conscientious objection (CO) in healthcare cannot be evaluated or judged by any institution because conscience is individual and autonomous. This paper shows that the background view is mistaken: the requirement to reveal and explain the reasons for conscientious objection in healthcare is ethically justified and legally desirable. Referring to real healthcare cases and legal regulations, the paper argues that these reasons should be evaluated either ex ante or ex post, and defends novel conceptual claims that have not been analyzed in the debates on CO. First, a moral threshold requirement: CO is only justified if the reasons behind a refusal are of a moral nature and meet a certain threshold of moral importance. Second, the rarely discussed conceptual similarities between CO in healthcare and the legal regulations concerning military refusals that place the burden of proof on conscientious objectors. The paper concludes that conscientious objection in healthcare can only be accommodated in some cases of destroying or killing human organisms. |
| Date: | 2023–08–13 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:3wep7_v1 |
| By: | Françoise Forges (CEREMADE - CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LEDa - Laboratoire d'Economie de Dauphine - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Indrajit Ray (Cardiff University) |
| Abstract: | The very first paper published in the Journal of Mathematical Economics, "Subjectivity and correlation in randomized strategies", by Aumann, proposes a new approach to strategic form games by taking account of an extraneous space of states of the world, on which every player has a subjective probability distribution and private information. We review some of Aumann's results as well as some properties and extensions of the best known by-product of his seminal paper, the "correlated equilibrium". |
| Keywords: | Communication equilibrium, Correlated equilibrium, Experiment, Multistage game, Pure strategy equilibrium, Recommendation |
| Date: | 2024–08–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04929273 |
| By: | Chee, Liberty (Ca' Foscari University of Venice) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the processes of attempting to set standards for one of the largest labour sectors in the world that employs women. It demonstrates how “domestic work” came to be understood as a problem that demanded responses and solutions in the context of the International Labour Organization. It does so through the lenses of problematization, a mode of analysis that makes it possible for something to become an object of thought. While the emerging literature on problematization in IR illustrates how these processes may be contingent, or a result of outright power struggles, this paper rather demonstrates how problematization may be characterised as one of iteration. It shows the repetition and progression in thinking about the problem of domestic work, the changes in solutions offered, and the conceptual and theoretical innovations to understand elements of domestic work. Through the iterative actions of various actors, which eventually included domestic workers themselves, the phenomenon of domestic work increased in comprehensibility and tractability, from a “non-problem” to a problem of the global economy. |
| Date: | 2023–09–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:bfm3s_v1 |
| By: | Shuang Wei |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a rigorous mathematical framework for egalitarian ethics by integrating formal tools from economics and mathematics. We motivate the formalism by investigating the limitations of conventional informal approaches by constructing examples such as probabilistic variant of the trolley dilemma and comparisons of unequal distributions. Our formal model, based on canonical welfare economics, simultaneously accounts for total utility and the distribution of outcomes. The analysis reveals deficiencies in traditional statistical measures and establishes impossibility theorems for rank-weighted approaches. We derive representation theorems that axiomatize key inequality measures including the Gini coefficient and a generalized Atkinson index, providing a coherent, axiomatic foundation for normative philosophy. |
| Date: | 2025–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2503.00039 |
| By: | Laurent Taskin (UCL - Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain); Bertrand Valiorgue (EM - EMLyon Business School) |
| Abstract: | Ce chapitre revient sur le positionnement épistémologique et les développements conceptuels proposés par Pierre-Yves Gomez sur l'entreprise et les sciences de gestion. Il montre que ce dernier a développé une perspective politique de l'entreprise qui se découpe en plusieurs facettes complémentaires. Chez Gomez l'entreprise est un acteur clé de la vie de la Cité qui porte un projet politique et est politiquement organisé. Cette contribution puissante et originale au sein des sciences de gestion est mise en perspective par rapport aux principales publications de Pierre-Yves Gomez. Les thèmes abordés dans l'ouvrage et les contributions des différents auteurs sont également développés. |
| Keywords: | Théorie politique de l’entreprise, théorie des conventions. |
| Date: | 2025–04–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04878468 |
| By: | Michel Pigenet (CHS - Centre d'histoire sociale des mondes contemporains - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Keywords: | Salaires, Politiques publiques, Débats parlementaires, Salaire minimum, Négociations, grèves, 1950 |
| Date: | 2024–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04939789 |