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on History and Philosophy of Economics |
| By: | Tom Coupé (University of Canterbury) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, I analyse ChatGPT’s opinion on economic issues by repeatedly prompting ChatGPT with questions from different surveys that have been used to assess the opinion of the economics profession. I find that ChatGPT 3.5 is a one-handed economist with strong opinions, while ChatGPT4o is much more of an ‘average’ economist. I further find little evidence that the widespread use of ChatGPT4o could reduce the gap between what the general public thinks about economic issues and the economics’ profession views on those issues, that ChatGPT4o is about equally likely to prefer professors’ financial advice and the financial advice from popular books, and that ChatGPT4o is more likely to agree with less/nonmainstream views about the economics profession than the economics profession. |
| Keywords: | ChatGPT, Economic Opinion, Economists' Consensus, Public Policy, Artificial Intelligence |
| JEL: | C83 A11 D80 D83 |
| Date: | 2024–08–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cbt:econwp:24/13 |
| By: | Possas, Mario Luiz |
| Abstract: | Mainstream Macroeconomics has withdrawn completely from its remote origins in Keynes and Kalecki, replacing the principle of effective demand (P.E.D.) with supply economics, investment with savings, and dynamics with equilibrium as a norm This article discusses, in the event of Kalecki's centenary, the importance of his contribution for the reconstruction of a macroeconomic theory capable of (i) explaining, through P.E.D., the basic causal relations amongst economic variables without any reference to equilibrium; (ii) thus invalidating the false relevant role ascribed to savings; and (iii) bringing macrodynamics back to the core of the analysis of the capitalist economy. |
| Keywords: | Macroeconomic dynamics, Kalecki, Effective demand, Investment and savings |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:cessdp:301870 |
| By: | Besley, Timothy; Deaton, Angus |
| Keywords: | OUP deal |
| JEL: | J1 N0 |
| Date: | 2024–07–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:121230 |
| By: | Severin Hornung (University of Innsbruck, Department of Psychology, Innsbruck, Austria); Thomas Hoge (University of Innsbruck, Department of Psychology, Innsbruck, Austria,) |
| Abstract: | Drawing on the philosophy of science, this essay addresses ideological and epistemological heterogeneity in management and organization studies scholarship. The presented review and application of the meta-theory of scientific paradigms establish connections with prior controversies to delineate, deconstruct, and reappraise the current discourse in the pluralistic field of management and organization studies. Representing theories of society focusing on regulation (order) vs. radical change (conflict), and conceiving social science as concerned with objective vs. subjective realities, a classic taxonomy differentiates functionalist, radical structuralist, interpretive, and radical humanist paradigms. Scientific progress has transformed these into ontological, epistemological, and axiological configurations of post-positivist (normative, mainstream), interpretative (constructivist, hermeneutic), postmodern (dialogic, poststructuralist), and critical (dialectic, antagonistic) approaches. Associated meta-theorizing is applied to academic disputes involving critical management studies. Distinguishing degree and location, four fundamental and foundational inter- and intra-paradigmatic conflicts are analyzed: a) the evidence-debate between critical scholars and mainstream (post-)positivist functionalists; b) the performativity-debate within the field of critical management studies; c) the managerialism-debate between radical critical structuralists and poststructuralists; and d) the ideology-debate representing influences on adjacent fields, exemplified by an emerging critical paradigm in work and organizational psychology. Underlying dynamics are framed as fermenting and fragmenting forces, driving paradigm delineation, differentiation, disintegration, and dissemination. The developed meta-theoretical perspective facilitates self-reflexive scholarship, meaning-making, and knowledge-creation, promoting a deeper understanding and better navigation of the organizational literature as an ideologically contested terrain of social science. |
| Keywords: | Philosophy of science, research paradigms, academic discourse, critical management studies, critical work and organizational psychology, dialectic analysis, epistemological critique |
| Date: | 2024–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:smo:scmowp:01279 |
| By: | Bergh, Andreas (Department of Economics, Lund University, and); Bjørnskov, Christian (Department of Economics and Business, Aarhus University, and); Kouba, Luděk (Department of Economics,) |
| Abstract: | The discussion of the growth consequences of socialism has fulminated for a century, sparked off by the Calculation Debate in the 1920s and 30s, and has concerned the performance of the Soviet Union in the 1950s and the mixed development in the 1990s after communism collapsed in Central and Eastern Europe. We aim to inform these debates by providing an empirical assessment of how socialist economies performed across the second half of the 20th century. Using both neighbour comparisons as well as more formal empirical analysis of developing countries that turned socialist after independence, we derive a set of estimates of the degree to which the introduction of a planned socialist economy affects long-run growth and development. All analyses point towards an annual growth decline of approximately two percentage points during the first decade after implementing socialism. |
| Keywords: | Economic growth; Socialism |
| JEL: | O11 O43 P20 |
| Date: | 2024–08–27 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1499 |