nep-hpe New Economics Papers
on History and Philosophy of Economics
Issue of 2022‒01‒31
twelve papers chosen by
Erik Thomson
University of Manitoba
  1. Back to Front: The Role of Seminars, Conferences and Workshops in the History of Economics By Béatrice Cherrier; Aurélien Saidi
  2. Nicholas Kaldor’s Economics: a Review. By Gomes, Luiz
  3. Oskar Lange’s Economics and the Socialist Economy By Gomes, Luiz
  4. Decision over Time as a By-Product of a Measure of Utility: A Reappraisal of Paul Samuelson's "A Note on Measurement of Utility" (1937) By Amélie Fievet
  5. Si Edgar Morin m’était conté : désordre, dialogique et complexité By Christophe Schmitt
  6. Cet essai est une réflexion sur un concept central de la science économique : celui de l’homo-économicus. Que signifie cette hypothèse et quelles en sont ses conséquences dans la construction de la théorie économique standard ? Et de la société ? Sur une trame enrichie de scènes mythiques de grands films des années 1940-1960, l’analyse comparée entre la théorie et les faits puise ici ses racines dans les salles de projection. Se font alors jours des jeux d’acteurs plus ou moins éclairés, dominants, défaillants, errants, bousculés au gré des évènements. Des histoires d’humains mêlant affects et irrationnel, calcul et rationnel. De l’agent économique à l’humain, tant de chemin semble encore à parcourir … L’homo-economicus est ainsi non pas un agent froidement calculateur, mais un être avançant au mieux entre raison et passion dans un monde façonné d’incertitudes. Les existences filmées à travers le regard des cinéastes ne se révèleraient-elles pas finalement plus riches que celle des économistes ? C’est la problématique retenue. Quant au plan de la méthode, la scène se déroule dans le décor du théâtre néo-classique à travers un dialogue imaginaire entre une actrice faussement naïve et un économiste traitant de la discipline dans le cadre de son académisme dominant. By Olivier Boissin
  7. Categorical versus graded beliefs By Franz Dietrich
  8. General Introduction By Hélène Largentaye De
  9. The heterodox stabilization plans: main effects for the brazilian economy in the period 1985 to 1989 By Andressa Welter, Caroline; Pereira de Souza Paetzhold, Thiago; Amorim Souza Centurião, Daniel; Beatriz Schneider, Mirian
  10. The value of sacrifice in (post-)growth scenarios By Valentin Cojanu
  11. Why Do Relatively Few Economists Work on Climate Change? A Survey By Pestel, Nico; Oswald, Andrew J.
  12. Motivated political reasoning: The formation of belief-value constellations By Barron, Kai; Becker, Anna; Huck, Steffen
  1. By: Béatrice Cherrier (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CREST - Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique - ENSAI - Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] - X - École polytechnique - ENSAE Paris - École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Aurélien Saidi (EconomiX - UPN - Université Paris Nanterre - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
    Abstract: Forthcoming
    Keywords: [No keyword available]
    Date: 2021
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03318670&r=
  2. By: Gomes, Luiz
    Abstract: Considered one of the leading economists of the 20th century, Nicholas Kaldor contributed to the development of modern economic thought in several fields, from cobweb models to tax issues. Kaldor is recognized worldwide for his work on economic development, the theory of distribution and economic growth. Nicholas Kaldor's concerns were directed at practical problems in economic policy. This work aimed to briefly investigate the contributions of Nicholas Kaldor to economic science. In this paper, we succinctly reviewed Nicholas Kaldor's main works. As Nicholas Kaldor's bibliographic production was quite extensive, some parts had to be highlighted, especially the growth models of theoretical framework I, with full employment, and the economic models of theoretical framework II, without full employment. The article is divided into sections and it has a conclusion.
    Keywords: Nicholas Kaldor, Economics, Economic Growth, Theory of Distribution.
    JEL: B20
    Date: 2022–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111352&r=
  3. By: Gomes, Luiz
    Abstract: Oskar Lange is generally known about his contribution in the debate on the feasibility of rational economic calculation under socialism. Although he is recognized as the theoretical "winner" of this debate, his contributions to economics extend over a wide range of topics and involve issues such as the economic organization of a society in transition to socialism, the relevance or not of econometrics, the meaning of Say's law and the use of cybernetics for economic planning. There are two points that are fundamental in Lange’s work, namely: (i) the economic viability of the socialist mode of production and (ii) the economics of the transition to socialism. The objective of the present article is to investigate Lange’s contributions in regard of these two points: the economic viability of socialism and the economics of the transition to socialism.
    Keywords: Oskar Lange, Socialism, Economic Planning, Law of Value, Market Socialism.
    JEL: B24
    Date: 2022–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111344&r=
  4. By: Amélie Fievet (UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)
    Abstract: This contribution aims to highlight a neglected aspect of Samuelson's famous 1937 paper "A Note on Measurement of Utility". Although the 1937 paper is usually regarded as the foundation of discounted utility theory, and rightly so, it is primarily concerned with utility measurement and deals only indirectly with decision over timeintertemporal issues appearing as a by-product of the realisation of a unique utility measure. But the treatment of discounted utility in turn influenced Samuelson's understanding of cardinality. Cardinality appears here as the result of a cognitive ability that manifests when agents face a decision experiment over time in which they are compelled to cardinalize their utility functions. The result is the weak plausibility of cardinality in a more general context, such that, contrary to the usual views, we may say that Samuelson's ordinalist approach was already in the making in 1937.
    Keywords: Paul Samuelson,discounted utility,measure of utility
    Date: 2021
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03453458&r=
  5. By: Christophe Schmitt (CEREFIGE - Centre Européen de Recherche en Economie Financière et Gestion des Entreprises - UL - Université de Lorraine)
    Abstract: The paper examines the complexity's concept developed by Edgar Morin in a particular context which is the small enterprise's one. More specifically, it aims to shed light on the way to apprehend the concept in this type of company. Edgar Morin suggests the importance of viewing disorder as a human construct. Based on this postulate, he mobilizes the dialogical approach to complexity as a mean to consider the relationship between order and disorder and to help develop actions for enterprises.
    Abstract: L'article s'intéresse à l'approche de la complexité développée par Edgar Morin dans un cadre particulier qui est celui des entreprises de petite taille. Plus particulièrement, il s'agit de voir comment aborder la notion dans ce type d'entreprise. L'auteur suggère l'importance de considérer le désordre avant tout comme un construit humain. Partant de ce postulat, il mobilise l'approche dialogique de la complexité pour considérer la relation entre ordre et désordre et permettre de développer des actions pour les entreprises.
    Keywords: complexité,PME,entrepreneuriat,dialogique,désordre
    Date: 2021–12–07
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03493971&r=
  6. By: Olivier Boissin (CREG - Centre de recherche en économie de Grenoble - UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes)
    Date: 2021
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03459411&r=
  7. By: Franz Dietrich (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSE - Paris School of Economics - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris sciences et lettres - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
    Abstract: This essay discusses the difficulty to reconcile two paradigms about beliefs: the binary or categorical paradigm of yes/no beliefs and the probabilistic paradigm of degrees of belief. The possibility for someone to hold both types of belief simultaneously is challenged by the lottery paradox, and more recently by a general impossibility theorem. The nature, relevance, and implications of the tension are explained and assessed. A more technical elaboration can be found in Dietrich and List (2018, 2021).
    Keywords: logic vs rational choice theory,yes/no belief vs subjective probabilities,lottery paradox,general impossibility theorem
    Date: 2021–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-03500542&r=
  8. By: Hélène Largentaye De (UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne)
    Date: 2021–12–08
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03474369&r=
  9. By: Andressa Welter, Caroline; Pereira de Souza Paetzhold, Thiago; Amorim Souza Centurião, Daniel; Beatriz Schneider, Mirian
    Abstract: This work presented a special emphasis on the heterodox characteristic of the economic policies used between 1985 and 1989, covering all the stabilization plans of the period, whose main objective was control of the inflationary process. In the meantime, the Brazilian economy achieved high rates of inflation and low levels of economic growth, which led the 1980s to be known as the "lost decade" by the economic literature, mainly due to these characteristics. The failure of the heterodox policies in the inflation control had great influence in this process and ended up leaving a very significant legacy of income concentration.
    Keywords: hyperinflation, economic plans, economic policy.
    JEL: B22
    Date: 2021–02–08
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:109229&r=
  10. By: Valentin Cojanu (Bucharest University of Economic Studies)
    Abstract: This is a conceptual paper, which contributes to the debate on the measure of intergenerational sacrifice and advances a post-growth theoretical framework that becomes intelligible within a wider space of deliberation, at once economic, social, and moral. We explore the three-pronged argument in two parts. First, we examine the implications of the socioeconomic mechanism of the transition of the production mode from extractive to generative, which is envisaged to replace the market automatic response by allocative efficiency. A second part tackles the moral reason underlying decision-making. Drawing on the lessons of the post-growth debate, we propose and defend a working definition of the moral reason of intergenerational justice that should also underpin our rationalizing about other issues of similar importance regarding the obligations we owe to future people, such as passing on languages or containing epidemics.
    Keywords: non-identity problem,society,morality,ecology,nature
    Date: 2021–12–10
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03384636&r=
  11. By: Pestel, Nico (ROA, Maastricht University); Oswald, Andrew J. (University of Warwick)
    Abstract: Climate change is sometimes viewed as the most serious problem facing modern society. The science behind anthropogenic global warming has been understood for more than half a century. Yet relatively few economists work on topics related to climate change. What explains this (apparent) lack of interest from economists? Here we report the results of a survey to try to understand economists' views and actions. More than 90% of respondents state that they are concerned about climate change. Our survey then asks the respondents why they have not done research on the topic. The most frequent response (given by approximately 80% of economists) is that they do not feel they have enough time and resources to be able to work on climate change. We discuss possible explanations and concerns.
    Keywords: climate change, economics
    JEL: A11 Q54
    Date: 2021–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14885&r=
  12. By: Barron, Kai; Becker, Anna; Huck, Steffen
    Abstract: We study the causal relationship between moral values ("ought" statements) and factual beliefs ("is" statements) and show that, contrary to predictions of orthodox Bayesian models, values exert an influence on beliefs. This effect is mediated by prior political leanings and, thus, contributes to increasing polarization in beliefs about facts. We study this process of motivated political reasoning in a preregistered online experiment with a nationally representative sample of 1,500 individuals in the US. Additionally, we show that subjects do not distort their beliefs in response to financial incentives to do so, suggesting that deep values exert a stronger motivational force.
    Keywords: Motivated Beliefs,Values,Polarization,Experiment
    JEL: C90 D72 D74 D83 P16
    Date: 2021
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:wzbeoc:spii2021306&r=
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