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on Heterodox Microeconomics |
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Issue of 2024–11–11
23 papers chosen by Carlo D’Ippoliti, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” |
| By: | Benoît Walraevens (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This article offers a cross-reading of Smith and Rawls in order to highlight the fundamental role of sympathy, moral sentiments and the idea of reciprocity they contain in Rawls's theory of justice as fairness, and more specifically in the possibility of ensuring the stability of the ideal, well-ordered society through the development of an appropriate sense of justice. I study their respective moral anthropologies and their analyses of guilt, resentment, indignation and envy, highlighting the fundamental role these moral sentiments play in social cooperation. |
| Abstract: | Cet article propose une lecture croisée de Smith et de Rawls afin mettre en exergue le rôle fondamental de la sympathie, des sentiments moraux et de l'idée de réciprocité qu'ils contiennent dans la théorie de la justice comme équité de Rawls, et plus particulièrement dans la possibilité d'assurer la stabilité de la société idéale, bien ordonnée, grâce au développement d'un sens de la justice approprié. Nous étudions ainsi leurs anthropologies morales respectives et leurs analyses de la culpabilité, du ressentiment, de l'indignation et de l'envie, soulignant le rôle fondamental que jouent ces sentiments moraux dans la coopération sociale. |
| Keywords: | Smith (Adam), Rawls (John), moral sentiments, reciprocity, cooperation, sentiments moraux, réciprocité, coopération |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04700018 |
| By: | Bernardo Caldarola; Dario Mazzilli; Aurelio Patelli; Angelica Sbardella |
| Abstract: | Structural change consists of industrial diversification towards more productive, knowledge intensive activities. However, changes in the productive structure bear inherent links with job creation and income distribution. In this paper, we investigate the consequences of structural change, defined in terms of labour shifts towards more complex industries, on employment growth, wage inequality, and functional distribution of income. The analysis is conducted for European countries using data on disaggregated industrial employment shares over the period 2010-2018. First, we identify patterns of industrial specialisation by validating a country-industry industrial employment matrix using a bipartite weighted configuration model (BiWCM). Secondly, we introduce a country-level measure of labour-weighted Fitness, which can be decomposed in such a way as to isolate a component that identifies the movement of labour towards more complex industries, which we define as structural change. Thirdly, we link structural change to i) employment growth, ii) wage inequality, and iii) labour share of the economy. The results indicate that our structural change measure is associated negatively with employment growth. However, it is also associated with lower income inequality. As countries move to more complex industries, they drop the least complex ones, so the (low-paid) jobs in the least complex sectors disappear. Finally, structural change predicts a higher labour ratio of the economy; however, this is likely to be due to the increase in salaries rather than by job creation. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2410.07906 |
| By: | Emmanuel Petit (BSE - Bordeaux Sciences Economiques - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Emotions have been gradually integrated into economic analysis over the past thirty years. Hope, however, remains an emotion little mobilized by economists. None of the closely related concepts of common use in economics corresponds to the consensual definition found in psychology. By relying on notions such as expectations, aspirations, optimism, anticipations or even confidence, behavioral economics provides the first (admittedly insufficient) milestones for an economic theory of hope. By relying on the psychological theory of Richard Snyder, and comparing it to the transactional approach of John Dewey, we show that hope can be perceived as a mode of conduct capable of producing a transformation in individual behavior. By mobilizing the institutional theory of John Commons—and in particular the notion of "futurity"—it appears that the transactional conception of hope deepens the nature of anticipations in institutional theory. |
| Keywords: | hope, Psychological theory, Behavior, Anticipation, Snyder (Richard), Commons (John R.), Dewey (John), espoir, théorie psychologique, comportement, anticipation |
| Date: | 2024–06–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04715066 |
| By: | Eléonore Disse (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - I3 - Institut interdisciplinaire de l’innovation - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | To qualify the sustainability of organizations, the business model approach questions whether it is possible to identify "sustainable value creation" (Lüdecke-Freund, 2020). While the polysemous notion of value was already unclear, its sustainable nature adds a further definitional difficulty. What's more, business model approaches do not enable to precisely address the impact of activities on the values in question. Our aim is to help clarify the sustainable business model approach to company sustainability through the prism of CARE ecological accounting framework (Rambaud & Richard, 2015). Our conceptual approach consists in applying CARE concepts and methodology to an illustrative case study inspired by a real farm business. We highlight how CARE repositions the understanding of sustainability in terms of the ability of a business to preserve human and natural capital while creating value (i.e. selling goods or services to obtain money resources). This reading leads to identify value propositions that consist in providing services that preserve the client's natural or human capitals. While other value propositions ultimately refer to the company's own human or natural capitals preservation. Thus, "sustainability" in business models should be clarified at least between making its own production process sustainable vs. contributing to its client's sustainability. Relying on an ecological accounting framework help designing strategies and activities to reach capital's preservation objectives according to anticipated costs. In the end, such framework can be used to lend credibility to sustainability claims possibly opening the door to the capture of financing solutions or market opportunities. |
| Keywords: | ecological accounting, value creation, business models, sustainable business models, natural capital |
| Date: | 2024–09–19 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04714330 |
| By: | Sébastien Shulz (COSTECH - Connaissance Organisation et Systèmes TECHniques - UTC - Université de Technologie de Compiègne, IFRIS - Institut francilien recherche, innovation et société - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - OST - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - M.E.N.E.S.R. - Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche - ESIEE Paris - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, LISIS - Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Sciences, Innovations, Sociétés - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Université Gustave Eiffel) |
| Abstract: | After a mixed start, the market for short-distance car-sharing platforms is now booming, with considerable public support in the name of the ecological transition of the mobility sector. Yet the solution of a market of digital platforms to meet the environmental challenges of the private car is not self-evident. To understand how this alignment came about, I carried out a survey through semi-structured interviews (N=22), the collection of grey literature and press articles (N=698), and the observation of the socio-technical characteristics of the main platforms (N=5). I analyzed this material by placing myself at the crossroads between the sociology of the political construction of markets and the sociology of market arrangements. The article shows why and how the state favors the techno-market capitalist platform model over the other two models (cooperative and social utility), helping to build an economy of capture. It concludes with a discussion of the tension between the state's objectives of greening the mobility sector, and its support for capitalist platforms whose model is likely to generate "rebound effects". |
| Abstract: | Après des débuts mitigés, le marché des plateformes de covoiturage courte distance connaît un essor et un soutien public importants au nom de la transition écologique du secteur de la mobilité. Pourtant, la solution d'un marché de plateformes numériques en vue de répondre aux enjeux environnementaux de la voiture individuelle ne va pas de soi. Pour comprendre comment cet alignement a été opéré, j'ai mené l'enquête à travers des entretiens semi-directifs (N=22), la récolte de littérature grise et d'articles de presse (N=698), ainsi que l'observation des caractéristiques sociotechniques des principales plateformes (N=5). J'ai analysé ce matériau en me plaçant au croisement au croisement de la sociologie de la construction politique des marchés et la sociologie des agencements marchands. L'article montre pourquoi et comment l'État favorise le modèle des plateformes capitalistes techno-marchandes par rapport aux deux autres modèles (coopératif et d'utilité sociale) en contribuant à construire une économie de la captation. Il conclut sur la tension entre les objectifs d'écologisation du secteur de la mobilité porté par l'État, et son soutien aux plateformes capitalistes dont le modèle est susceptible d'entraîner des « effets rebonds ». |
| Keywords: | Platform, Car-sharing, Digital economy, Political construction of markets, Ecological transition, Plateforme, Covoiturage, Economie numérique, Construction politique des marchés, Transition écologique |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04715550 |
| By: | Rim Awkal (UFC - Université de Franche-Comté - UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE]) |
| Abstract: | This study explores the institutional pressures faced by Lebanese private universities, using neo-institutional theory as an analytical framework, within a context marked by Lebanon's deep economic and political crisis. Through in-depth interviews with university professors and administrators, we identify and analyze the forms of isomorphism—coercive, mimetic, and normative—that influence the functioning of these institutions. The analysis reveals that coercive isomorphism, primarily driven by government regulations and accreditation requirements, is the most dominant form of pressure. However, elements of mimetic isomorphism are also observed, where universities adopt practices similar to those of institutions perceived as more prestigious, in response to the environmental uncertainty exacerbated by the crisis. Normative isomorphism, though less prominent, emerges through the shared professional standards of faculty and administrative staff. These findings offer a new perspective on institutional dynamics within Lebanese private universities, highlighting the additional challenges they face in a national environment in crisis. |
| Abstract: | Cette étude explore les pressions institutionnelles qui s'exercent sur les universités privées libanaises en utilisant la théorie néo-institutionnelle comme cadre d'analyse, dans un contexte marqué par une crise économique et politique profonde au Liban. À travers des entretiens approfondis menés avec des professeurs et des administrateurs universitaires, nous identifions et analysons les formes d'isomorphisme—coercitif, mimétique, et normatif—qui influencent le fonctionnement de ces institutions. L'analyse révèle que l'isomorphisme coercitif, résultant principalement des régulations gouvernementales et des exigences des organismes d'accréditation, est le type de pression le plus dominant. Cependant, des éléments d'isomorphisme mimétique sont également observés, où les universités adoptent des pratiques similaires à celles d'institutions perçues comme plus prestigieuses, en réponse à l'incertitude environnementale exacerbée par la crise. L'isomorphisme normatif, bien que moins prononcé, émerge à travers les standards professionnels partagés par le corps professoral et administratif. Ces résultats offrent une nouvelle perspective sur les dynamiques institutionnelles au sein des universités privées libanaises, mettant en lumière les défis supplémentaires auxquels elles sont confrontées dans un environnement national en crise. |
| Keywords: | Pressions institutionnelles, Isomorphisme, Théorie néo-institutionnelle, Universités privées libanaises, Crise économique, Crise politique, Régulation, Gouvernance universitaire |
| Date: | 2024–09–26 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04729394 |
| By: | Carlos J. Gil-Hern ndez; Pedro Salas-Rojo; Guillem Vidal-Lorda; Davide Villani |
| Abstract: | Wealth is a central determinant of life chances and intergenerational status persistence in modern societies. Yet, sociologists traditionally overlooked its role in class measurement and inequality, while most economists focused on the elites. This article reconciles sociological and economic perspectives on class analysis by examining the relationship between classes and wealth inequality versus income. Drawing from the Luxembourg Wealth Study (2002-2018) in five European countries, we test whether occupational classes, based on the entire division of labour, keep up with rising economic inequality trends. In contrast to bold claims on class death or decomposition, inequality of outcomes in wealth accumulation is firmly rooted across occupational classes in contemporary capitalism, potentially harming future equal opportunity and social mobility. Still, occupational classes better capture between-group income inequality and stratification than wealth, emphasising the importance of economic resources beyond labour market attachment that spark advances in social class theory and measurement. |
| Date: | 2024–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:lwswps:43 |
| By: | Koundouri, Phoebe; Papayiannis, Georgios I.; Petracou, Electra V.; Yannacopoulos, Athanasios N. |
| Abstract: | In this paper we propose a consensus group decision making scheme under model uncertainty consisting of a two-stage procedure and based on the concept of Fr´echet barycenter. The first stage is a clustering procedure in the metric space of opinions leading to homogeneous groups, whereas the second stage consists of a proposal most likely to be accepted by all groups. An evolutionary learning scheme of proposal updates leading to consensus is also proposed. The schemes are illustrated in examples motivated from environmental economics. |
| Keywords: | consensus group decision making, model uncertainty, environmental decision making, Fréchet barycenter |
| JEL: | A1 C0 |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122006 |
| By: | Véronique Bessière (UM - Université de Montpellier, MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier); Christian Goglin |
| Abstract: | his work analyzes the importance of personal values in equity crowdfunding investment choice. Employing a theoretical framework borrowing theories from the fields of finance, marketing, and psychology, our model proposes several antecedents for investment choice and focuses on the congruence between the investor's personal values and the values promoted by the startup during its fundraising campaign. The results of our laboratory experiment, based on real-life campaign material, suggest that the investor's personal values and interest in the project are more important than the perceived signal quality of the project in explaining the decision to invest. Furthermore, two opposed values emerge from the study-"Universalism" and "Power"-in line with the typical two-way classification of SRI investors into value-based and value-seeking investor groups. |
| Keywords: | Equity crowdfunding investment choice personal values value congruence affective reactions ethics II, Equity crowdfunding, investment choice, personal values, value congruence, affective reactions, Ethics |
| Date: | 2024–12–23 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04692721 |
| By: | Witztum, Amos |
| Abstract: | Natural liberty is a powerful idea of social order. However, a tension has always existed between its reality and social values. Here, I try to identify where the fault line may lie between an order that fulfils social expectation and one that does not. I claim that throughout history, this fault line had been manifested in the distinction drawn between the concepts of price and value. The first emerges in markets and the second reflects social expectations. Juxtaposing the two reveals either harmony or dissonance between natural liberty and social expectations. Convergence then is a necessary condition for social validity. |
| Keywords: | alue and price dichotomy; ethics-economics relationship; natural liberty |
| JEL: | A10 A12 A13 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B20 B41 |
| Date: | 2024–09–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:125698 |
| By: | Piotr Jarecki; Ewa Kucharska-Stasiak |
| Abstract: | The paper examines the behavioural aspects of the market value concept in property valuation. The following research hypotheses are considered: (I) decision-making, pricing, valuation, and value in the real estate market form a behavioural chain whose links influence each other; (II) the current definition and interpretation of market value omit the behaviour of the real estate market participants; (III) the current definition and interpretation of market value also omit the special characteristics of real estate and the conditions under which real estate transactions are made, including risk and uncertainty.To allow for the behavioural aspects of the market value of properties, we propose (a) extending the current definition of a market value to include risk and uncertainty and (b) highlighting the need to continue the discussion on changing the presentation and interpretation of the valuation result.The paper has been prepared based on the results of (I) a critical analysis of the pertinent literature and (II) a survey of property valuers to assess their awareness of the behavioural aspects of valuations and views on the presentation of their outcomes. |
| Keywords: | Behavioural Economics; Market Value; Property Valuation; Uncertainty |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2024–01–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2024-029 |
| By: | Philippe Larrue; Piret Tõnurist; David Jonason |
| Abstract: | Missions are nested entities involving multiple interventions at different levels and unclear and evolving boundaries, making traditional evaluation approaches ill-suited to capturing their additionality. This paper proposes mission-evaluation processes and tools that are consistent with their specific features. It notably proposes mission criteria related to their different expected systemic effects; a mission theory of action to support a developmental evaluation that tracks the evolution of the mission design and processes; and a monitoring tool to assess and compare mission-readiness levels across missions and at different stages of the mission life cycle. |
| Keywords: | directionality, Government funding, mission-evaluation process, Policy making, Research and Development (R&D) |
| JEL: | H43 O22 O32 D78 |
| Date: | 2024–10–28 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaaa:2024/09-en |
| By: | Lillian Donna Namujju (first name last name) (Paderborn University); ... (first name last name of second author) (... (workplace of second author)) |
| Abstract: | This study employs Social Network Analysis to scrutinize the structure and dynamics within Uganda's off-grid financing and investment network, demonstrating how network structure configurations influence power and capacity of network agents. By integrating Principal Component Analysis with traditional centrality metrics, the research constructs detailed influence scores, revealing a network characterized by significant disparities in power and connectivity. It pinpoints international development banks and partners as pivotal influencers, who dominate network operations through their extensive access, brokerage capabilities, and diffusion capacities. Moreover, the study highlights strategic opportunities to strengthen the network by enhancing the connectivity of peripheral nodes and amplifying the roles of the most central nodes to improve overall network robustness and cohesion. These findings have broader relevance, providing key insights for optimizing network governance in similar off-grid energy systems worldwide, ensuring a more integrated and effective network structure. (abstract of the paper) |
| Keywords: | Social network analysis, Policy networks, Off-grid financing, Network structure, Network influence (keywords) |
| JEL: | L14 O33 Q42 Q48 O55 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pdn:dispap:125 |
| By: | Elhoussaine Wahyana; Eduardo Amaral Haddad |
| Abstract: | The debate on global value chains (GVCs) has emphasized countries’ contributions to value-added creation. From an intercountry perspective, a new body of research is addingto this debate by studying how subnational regions contribute to the indicators in specific countries. Proper assessment of economic contributions is essential for designing incentive policies. This paper analyzes the role played by the main trading partners of Moroccan regions in local value chains. We use input-output (IO) analysis to decompose regional value-added in Morocco, based on different sources of domestic and foreign final demand, taking into account the differences in regional economic structures and the nature of systematic interdependence associated with the structure of inter-regional linkages in Morocco. For each final demand originating from and into one of the Moroccan regions, we estimate measures of trade in value-added (TiVA). The output decomposition of final demand into domestic and foreign demand, where the latter is broken down into the final demand from each trading partner, serves as the methodological anchor for the study. We use the inter-regional input-output table for Morocco with 2019 data. The measures of trade in value-added reveal different inter-regional and international trade integration hierarchies, with implications for regional inequality in the country. We try to answer two main questions. First, how do domestic absorption and foreign exports affect value-added generation in Moroccan regions? Second, what is the regional value-added content incorporated in the components of final demand by geographical source? |
| Date: | 2024–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:rtrade:rp_01-24 |
| By: | Jérémie Gilbert |
| Abstract: | Au cours des dernières décennies, les initiatives pour reconnaître des droits à la nature se sont multipliées, donnant naissance à un mouvement global. Or, il existe de multiples pistes de synergies entre ce mouvement et les droits humains. Ils s’inscrivent dans une même pensée philosophique, éthique et morale de reconnaissance de droits fondés sur les valeurs inhérentes et intrinsèques des entités vivantes – aussi bien humaine que non-humaines. Dans ce contexte, cette recherche se penche sur les liens du triptyque : droits humains conventionnels, droit à un environnement sain et droits de la nature avec pour objectif d’offrir une analyse de l’interdépendance entre ces familles de droits et la façon dont les acteurs du développement peuvent se saisir de ces enjeux dans une logique écocentrique. L’objectif de cette réflexion n’est pas que théorique, au contraire. En effet, la jurisprudence des droits humains intègre de plus en plus les droits de la nature comme faisant partie du droit à un environnement sain. Le droit à un environnement sain met ainsi l’accent sur le lien entre le bien-être des êtres humains et le reste du monde naturel – soulignant la réciprocité intrinsèque entre tous ces éléments. La complémentarité des droits humains et des droits de la nature se traduit également par les efforts déployés par les défenseurs des droits et de l’environnement issus des peuples autochtones, pour lier les droits culturels à une approche relationnelle de la nature. Cette dernière favorise l'émergence d'une approche juridique considérant le monde naturel comme un système interconnecté, composé de nombreuses formes de vie en relation dynamique les unes avec les autres englobant la biosphère dans son ensemble – humaine et non-humaine. L’approche plus relationnelle à la nature représente un élément important de la jurisprudence émergente des tribunaux internationaux et régionaux concernant les droits des peuples autochtones. Elle souligne l’importance de sortir des dichotomies humains/nature pour penser différemment la relation des humains aux non-humains et réviser la relation au vivant en tenant compte des approches des peuples autochtones. À ce titre, l’ambition de cette recherche est d’analyser comment ces liens entre les familles de droits peuvent contribuer à un nouveau modèle de développement véritablement durable, pour l’ensemble du vivant. Néanmoins, cette étude analyse aussi les potentiels conflits entre les droits humains et les droits de la nature sachant que les mesures de protection de l'environnement peuvent restreindre le champ de la liberté d'action individuelle et sont susceptibles de limiter la jouissance des droits humains. Le principe de proportionnalité – qui est souvent au cœur des décisions relatives aux droits humains – pourrait devenir un véhicule pour gérer de tels conflits. Ce principe met sur un pied d’égalité les intérêts humains et les intérêts de la nature – plutôt que d’imposer une quelconque hiérarchie entre ces intérêts parfois divergents.Enfin, cette recherche explore comment une telle complémentarité entre les droits humains et les droits de la nature peut conduire à une nouvelle approche moins anthropocentrique du droit au développement, ainsi que du droit international pénal. En se basant notamment sur l’importante jurisprudence de nombreux pays d’Amérique Latine qui ont déjà intégré les droits de la nature au même niveau que les droits humains dans leur système interne, la recherche montre comment une approche reconnaissant et respectant à la fois les droits humains et les droits de la nature est essentiel pour construire une société juste, durable et équilibrée qui valorise et préserve la dignité et l'interdépendance de toutes les formes de vie, et rompre avec une conception majoritairement dominée par une approche anthropocentrique et économique envers la nature. |
| JEL: | Q |
| Date: | 2024–10–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr17491 |
| By: | Timo Ehrig; Todd Zenger |
| Abstract: | An assumption of factor market efficiency is often used to grant primacy to firms’ existing unique and valuable resources as the source of economic rents. But this assumption is difficult to reconcile with observed market outcomes. For instance, five of the six companies with the highest global market capitalization in 2022 were upstarts in their industries with few resources at their origins. More surprising, three of these entrants were assisted by incumbents with vastly superior resources in assembling the resources they required. In this paper we explore how entrants compete with theories to secure resources from incumbents and capture rents. We introduce a modeling approach in which theories with causal logic generate awareness of valuable potential future states and shape the beliefs about payoffs and probabilities associated with these states. We combine work in the theory-based view and value capture theory to distinguish among three distinct sources of economic rents that are potentially available to entrants: awareness rents, confidence rents, and resource rents. We explore the circumstances under which these three types of rents are available. By exploring the role of theories and awareness in value creation and capture, our paper seeks to deepen our understanding of how entrants both attract resources and secure rents |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ict:wpaper:2013/378274 |
| By: | Gian Luca Vriz; Luigi Grossi |
| Abstract: | Climate change has emerged as a significant global concern, attracting increasing attention worldwide. While green bubbles may be examined through a social bubble hypothesis, it is essential not to neglect a Climate Minsky moment triggered by sudden asset price changes. The significant increase in green investments highlights the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of these market dynamics. Therefore, the current paper introduces a novel paradigm for studying such phenomena. Focusing on the renewable energy sector, Statistical Process Control (SPC) methodologies are employed to identify green bubbles within time series data. Furthermore, search volume indexes and social factors are incorporated into established econometric models to reveal potential implications for the financial system. Inspired by Joseph Schumpeter's perspectives on business cycles, this study recognizes green bubbles as a necessary evil for facilitating a successful transition towards a more sustainable future. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2410.06564 |
| By: | Chenyue Bai (Dept. of Geography, Kiel University, Germany); Han Chu (Dept. of Geography, Kiel University, Germany); Robert Hassink (Dept. of Geography, Kiel University, Germany) |
| Abstract: | The regional innovation systems (RIS) concept is mature and widely used in economic geography. However, in the face of grand societal challenges and global economic uncertainty, the traditional RIS concept has been questioned and requires further consideration and discussion, to which we want to contribute in this paper. Thus, this study explores the evolution of RIS research by analyzing RIS articles published from 1992 to April 2024 using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model. It identifies three phases of RIS development and summarize five classic and three upcoming topics of RIS. These topics underscore the dynamic nature of RIS research and its continued relevance in addressing contemporary challenges and opportunities in regional development. Finally, this paper points out directions for future research. |
| Keywords: | Regional Innovation Systems, Latent Dirichlet Allocation, Innovation Policy, Regional Transformation |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aoe:wpaper:2404 |
| By: | Fabio Bertolotti; Andrea Lanteri; Alessandro Villa |
| Abstract: | We develop a model of capital accumulation in an economy that imports investment goods from large firms with market power. We model investment-goods producers as a dynamic oligopoly and characterize the equilibrium with a Generalized Euler Equation. We use this characterization to analyze the evolution of investment and prices. The markup on investment goods acts as an endogenous adjustment cost, which decreases as the economy grows. We calibrate the model to simulate the post-2020 shocks to demand for semiconductors. The model attributes the equipment-price increase mainly to increasing marginal costs. Finally, we analyze policy interventions to address market power. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedhwp:98999 |
| By: | Ignacio González Vázquez (European Commission – JRC); Maurizio Curtarelli (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA)); Ioannis Anyfantis (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA)); Emmanuelle Brun (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA)); Annick Starren (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA)) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines the psychosocial risks associated with the digital transformation of work, focusing on the automation of tasks, digitalisation of work processes, and the platformisation of work. It highlights that while automation and digitalisation can offer ergonomic and occupational safety and health benefits, they may also diminish worker autonomy and increase mental health risks. The adoption of digital technologies can improve communication and engagement but may lead to intensified workloads and can incentivise an 'always-on' culture. Platform work, with its precarious employment conditions, can also exacerbate occupational safety and health risks. The paper also argues that the spread of platform-like worker monitoring and algorithmic management to traditional workplaces can exacerbate certain psychosocial risks. The paper confirms that addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach that includes worker consultation, integration of OSH considerations from the design phase, and a holistic risk assessment that considers both technological and organisational contexts. |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:laedte:202403 |
| By: | Castro, Gustavo Henrique Leite (Departamento de Economia, Universidade de São Paulo); Azzoni, Carlos Roberto (Departamento de Economia, Universidade de São Paulo) |
| Abstract: | As importações e as mudanças estruturais na indústria têm sido objeto de intenso debate acadêmico e político, dada sua importância para o crescimento econômico. Este estudo apresenta os resultados de uma Análise de Decomposição Estrutural (SDA) aplicada à indústria brasileira no período de 2003 a 2018, com o objetivo de identificar os impactos das mudanças estruturais sobre as importações industriais. Utilizando as matrizes de insumo-produto disponibilizadas pelo Núcleo de Economia Regional e Urbana da USP (Nereus), a pesquisa destaca as disparidades entre diferentes setores industriais durante os ciclos cambiais de valorização (2003-2010) e desvalorização (2011-2018). Os resultados mostraram que o componente de demanda final é relevante para explicar a variação das importações de todos os setores da indústria. Apesar da taxa de câmbio desvalorizada no segundo ciclo, não houve mudanças significativas nos padrões de consumo, na intensidade de utilização de insumos importados e na dinâmica tecnológica da indústria brasileira. |
| Keywords: | indústria; importações; câmbio; análise de decomposição estrutural |
| JEL: | R10 |
| Date: | 2024–10–18 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:nereus:2024_012 |
| By: | Otaviano Canuto; Sabrine Emran; Badr Mandri |
| Abstract: | Africa has a wealth of natural resources, including minerals, agriculture, and energy commodities, which provides an opportunity for the financialization of these commodities on the continent, a concept that has gained global attention and sparked debate on the potential benefits and drawbacks. Although the financialization of commodities has been studied in various contexts, including in African countries, challenges such as liquidity constraints and market readiness have emerged as critical impediments to its widespread adoption. This paper examines the existing literature to clarify the positive and negative aspects of commodity financialization, drawing on global examples and specific cases within Africa. By examining best practices and lessons learned, this paper offers guidance on how African countries can navigate the complexities of preparing for and embracing commodity financialization in order to unlock its potential benefits while mitigating the associated risks. |
| Date: | 2024–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:rpcoen:pp_08-24 |
| By: | Mounia Boucetta |
| Abstract: | Over the next decade, the energy transition will transform the global economic landscape in terms of regulations, industrial and energy investments, and technological solutions. The African continent is set to play a significant role in this transition while addressing its own sustainable development needs. To fully capitalize on this emerging dynamic, African countries should pursue innovative paths tailored to their specific contexts and constraints. They should also identify strategic levers to advance and accelerate their energy transition, maximizing economic, social, and environmental benefits. |
| Date: | 2024–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ocp:rpcoen:pb_25-24 |