nep-hme New Economics Papers
on Heterodox Microeconomics
Issue of 2022‒02‒28
sixteen papers chosen by
Carlo D’Ippoliti
Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”

  1. Keynes's Treatise on Probability 100 Years Later: Small vs. large worlds and closed vs. open systems By Davis, John B.
  2. Black-box Bayesian inference for economic agent-based models By Joel Dyer; Patrick Cannon; J. Doyne Farmer; Sebastian Schmon
  3. The Changing Role of Banks in the Financial System: Social versus Conventional Banks By Simon Cornée; Anastasia Cozarenco; Ariane Szafarz
  4. People-centric Emission Reduction in Buildings: A Data-driven and Network Topology-based Investigation By Debnath, R.; Bardhan, R.; Mohaddes, K.; Shah, D. U.; Ramage, M. H.; Alvarez, R. M.
  5. Norme, fait, fluctuation By Jean-Luc Gaffard
  6. Gender Relations in Indigenous Yoruba Culture: Questioning Feminism Action and Advocacy By Muraina, Luqman; Ajímátanraẹjẹ, Abdulkareem Jeleel
  7. Structural change in the US Phillips curve, 1948-2021: the role of power and institutions By Mark Setterfield; Robert A Blecker
  8. Extitutional Theory: Modeling Structured Social Dynamics Beyond Institutions By Primavera de Filippi; Marc Santolini
  9. L’économie sociale et solidaire et l’inscription territoriale des problèmes publics : émergence et enjeux d’un pôle territorial de coopération économique By Xabier Itçaina
  10. The Dasgupta Review and the problem of anthropocentrism By Treich, Nicolas
  11. ATP-AgriLandLab: a tool for Analysis of Transformation Processes within Landscape Labs By Angarita, Erika; Nürnberger, Fabian; Dauber, Jens; Sanders, Jürn
  12. Rewealthization in 21st Century Western Countries: The Defining Trend of the Socioeconomic Squeeze of the Middle Class By Louis Chauvel; Eyal Bar-Haim; Anne Hartung; Emily Murphy
  13. Exporting inequality: US investors and the Americanization of executive pay in the United Kingdom By Linsi, Lukas; Hopkin, Jonathan; Jaupart, Pascal
  14. INSTILLING VALUE-SIGNIFICANCE IN LAND OWNERSHIP IN THE NORTHERN CAPE PROVINCE By Parker, Gail Denise; Costa, King
  15. Thoughts on the Economic Life of the Tathagata Buddha By BAGDE, RAKSHIT
  16. How the "Lejabys" came into being : artists and workers in struggle. A spatio-temporal odyssey between mobilising and organising. By Géraldine Schmidt; Damien Mourey; Natalia Bobadilla

  1. By: Davis, John B. (Department of Economics Marquette University)
    Abstract: The meaning and significance of Keynes’s Treatise on Probability has changed over the 100 years since its publication. Initially it stood on its own as an original contribution to probability theory. After The General Theory some saw the Treatise strengthening Keynes’s later arguments. Yet by the time New Classical Economics became dominant it became largely ignored. This paper attributes that later rejection to the mainstream economics’ reliance on Savage’s subjective expected utility restriction of probability thinking to what he called small worlds. It argues that his small worldslarge worlds distinction produces a small worlds-closed worlds conception of economics the mainstream employs, and that Keynesian economic thinking and the Treatise employ a large worlds-open worlds conception of economics. It frames this open-closed opposition in terms of two contrasting conceptions of science from 1930s system theory, and argues that in economics it is the basis for two conceptions of time: a static, before-after view of temporal sequences and a dynamic, past-present-future view of temporal sequences. The paper then shifts to how Sraffa explained the relationship between production and distribution as an interaction between a relatively closed production system open to distributional forces, shows an analogous view exists in the later thinking of Wittgenstein with whom Sraffa interacted, and then argues Keynes’s thinking in the Treatise employs a similar Cambridge understanding whereby our probability judgments are relatively closed but also open to fundamental uncertainty.
    Keywords: Keynes, Treatise on Probability, Savage, small worlds, closed worlds, open systems, closed systems, Sraffa, Wittgenstein
    JEL: B29 B30 C10 C11
    Date: 2022–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mrq:wpaper:2022-02&r=
  2. By: Joel Dyer; Patrick Cannon; J. Doyne Farmer; Sebastian Schmon
    Abstract: Simulation models, in particular agent-based models, are gaining popularity in economics. The considerable flexibility they offer, as well as their capacity to reproduce a variety of empirically observed behaviours of complex systems, give them broad appeal, and the increasing availability of cheap computing power has made their use feasible. Yet a widespread adoption in real-world modelling and decision-making scenarios has been hindered by the difficulty of performing parameter estimation for such models. In general, simulation models lack a tractable likelihood function, which precludes a straightforward application of standard statistical inference techniques. Several recent works have sought to address this problem through the application of likelihood-free inference techniques, in which parameter estimates are determined by performing some form of comparison between the observed data and simulation output. However, these approaches are (a) founded on restrictive assumptions, and/or (b) typically require many hundreds of thousands of simulations. These qualities make them unsuitable for large-scale simulations in economics and can cast doubt on the validity of these inference methods in such scenarios. In this paper, we investigate the efficacy of two classes of black-box approximate Bayesian inference methods that have recently drawn significant attention within the probabilistic machine learning community: neural posterior estimation and neural density ratio estimation. We present benchmarking experiments in which we demonstrate that neural network based black-box methods provide state of the art parameter inference for economic simulation models, and crucially are compatible with generic multivariate time-series data. In addition, we suggest appropriate assessment criteria for future benchmarking of approximate Bayesian inference procedures for economic simulation models.
    Date: 2022–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2202.00625&r=
  3. By: Simon Cornée; Anastasia Cozarenco; Ariane Szafarz
    Abstract: Social banks have emerged as a new group of banks that call themselves as “alternative”, “ethical”, “sustainable”, and “value-based”. Their small market share increases at a rapid pace and is still expected to grow in the future. Social banks are institutions with both (at least some) activities of financial intermediation and one or several non-financial missions, typically based on environmental and social values. By unpacking the observable, real-life differences between social banks and conventional banks, this chapter paves the way to theorizing the multidimensional characteristics of social banks within the global banking industry. Business models, governance issues, lending technologies; and social outcomes appear to be key aspects to understand how innovative, value-based, social banks work and how they might one day substantively affect mainstream banking business.
    Keywords: Social Banks; Ethical Banks; Social Mission; Financial Cooperatives; Microcredit
    JEL: G21 B55 H23 G32 G28 H81
    Date: 2022–02–22
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sol:wpaper:2013/340134&r=
  4. By: Debnath, R.; Bardhan, R.; Mohaddes, K.; Shah, D. U.; Ramage, M. H.; Alvarez, R. M.
    Abstract: There is a growing consensus among policymakers that we need a human-centric low-carbon transition. There are few studies on how to do it effectively, especially in the context of emissions reduction in the building sector. It is critical to investigate public sentiment and attitudes towards this aspect of climate action, as the building and construction sector accounts for 40% of global carbon emissions. Our methodology involves a multi-method approach, using a data-driven exploration of public sentiment using 256,717 tweets containing #emission and #building between 2009 - 2021. Using graph theory-led metrics, a network topology-based investigation of hashtag co-occurrences was used to extract highly influential hashtags. Our results show that public sentiment is reactive to global climate policy events. Between 2009-2012, #greenbuilding, #emissions were highly influential, shaping the public discourse towards climate action. In 2013-2016, #lowcarbon, #construction and #energyefficiency had high centrality scores, which were replaced by hashtags like #climatetec, #netzero, #climateaction, #circulareconomy, and #masstimber, #climatejustice in 2017-2021. Results suggest that the current building emission reduction context emphasises the social and environmental justice dimensions, which is pivotal to an effective people-centric policymaking.
    Keywords: Emission, climate change, building, computational social science, people-centric transition, Twitter
    JEL: C63 Q54
    Date: 2022–01–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camjip:2201&r=
  5. By: Jean-Luc Gaffard (OFCE Sciences-Po; Université Côte d'Azur; GREDEG CNRS; Institut Universitaire de France)
    Abstract: La perte de repères de la théorie économique que révèle la difficulté de définir des politiques économiques cohérentes face aux crises récentes, financière, sanitaire, écologique, requiert de réfléchir sur la notion de norme qui a plusieurs acceptions. La révision nécessaire des représentations du choix des acteurs et des principes de l'évolution conduit à évoquer les problèmes que soulèvent la crise de l'État, celle des systèmes administratifs ou encore les défis environnementaux et les ruptures technologiques, dans des termes qui privilégient la notion de responsabilité sociale plutôt que celle de choix social, la notion de viabilité de l'évolution plutôt que celle d'optimalité de l'équilibre.
    Keywords: choix, éthique, fait, fluctuation, norme, responsabilité, système autoréférentiel
    JEL: A12 A13
    Date: 2022–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2022-07&r=
  6. By: Muraina, Luqman; Ajímátanraẹjẹ, Abdulkareem Jeleel
    Abstract: Western feminism has diffused to many other cultures, who have imbibed without proper reflection. This is similar for the Yorùbá people of South-Western Nigeria. Yorùbá culture is gender-neutral and gender-silent; women are seen as complementary and not subordinate to men. Hence, (Oyěwùmí 1997), caution must be raised on the continual adoption of mainstream Western feminist philosophy in Yorùbá culture. Consequently, an argument was submitted for a different approach to doing feminism in Yorùbá culture. In essence, colonial imposition of gender binary in Yorùbá society; roles and gender status of women in traditional Yorùbá culture; women anti-colonial and feminist activities were discussed. The decolonization of Africa and the Yorùbá education system to include a properly historicized indigenous knowledge was recommended. Current feminist movements must also develop a 'shared text of blackness'. The duo should align and improve the worth of women based on the indispensability and esteemed status offered to women in pre-colonial Yorùbá society.
    Date: 2022–01–21
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:africa:x6vma&r=
  7. By: Mark Setterfield; Robert A Blecker
    Abstract: This paper provides an institutional-analytical account of changes in the structure of the US Phillips curve (PC) during the post-war period. It does so by restoring conflict and power to the forefront of macro theory and, in particular, the wage- and price-setting behaviour of workers and firms. The resulting account is consistent with the main stylized facts that characterize the evolution of the US PC since 1948: the disappearance and subsequent reappearance of a ‘standard’ PC (relating the level of the inflation rate, not the change in this rate, to the rate of unemployment); and the flattening of the PC since the 1990s.
    Keywords: Phillips Curve, inflation, unemployment, natural rate hypothesis, bargaining power, institutions
    JEL: E12 E24 E25 E31 N12
    Date: 2022–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp2208&r=
  8. By: Primavera de Filippi (CERSA - Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches de Sciences Administratives et Politiques - UP2 - Université Panthéon-Assas - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Marc Santolini
    Abstract: Interaction among individuals underlies all social processes. Underpinning the emergence of complex social organisations is the ability for individuals to influence one another, either directly, through peer pressure and social reinforcement, or indirectly, through the establishment of larger social structures, such as communities, families, companies, governments, and many other types of institutions. Several theoretical frameworks have been developed in a variety of disciplines to understand how individuals organise themselves into these social structures and how these social structures in turn contribute to shaping individual attitudes, infrastructures, tools, behaviours, ideas and beliefs. The concept of institutions is particularly central to most theoretical frameworks in the field of organisational and governance theory. While some of these frameworks focus on the structural properties of social groups that support or reinforce intended social interactions, others focus on social environments and cultural phenomena as a means to investigate how culture affects social dynamics and individual practices in the context of interactive and relational social structures. Yet, while most of these frameworks do recognize the interplay that subsists between the structural elements and the cultural components of these social groups, they often assimilate both of these components into a monolithic framework of analysis—thereby limiting the opportunity to distinguish between the different logics that animate each of these components. In this paper, we introduce an integrated theoretical framework to analyse the interplay between formalized social structures composed of codified roles and rules which are commonly described as "institutions'', and the more latent interpersonal relationships that shape and animate these institutions—we introduce the notion of "extitutions'' to describe the latter. The main contribution of this paper is to provide an ontological framework to characterize the reciprocal interactions between the extitutional and institutional aspects of social groups, explicitly disentangling their respective influences in order to better comprehend the operations and dynamic evolution of these groups. The paper builds upon neo-structural sociology to elaborate a comprehensive framework of analysis for advancing the formalisation of both institutional and extitutional dynamics and how they affect or influence each other over time from a multi-faceted and multi-layered network standpoint.
    Date: 2022
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03513198&r=
  9. By: Xabier Itçaina (CED - Centre Émile Durkheim - UB - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - IEP Bordeaux - Sciences Po Bordeaux - Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux)
    Abstract: The social and solidarity-based economy (SSE) plays a pivotal role in the territorial processing of public problems, as evidenced by the French Territorial Groupings of Economic Cooperation (TGEC). Far from limiting itself to an addition of corporate legal statuses, the SSE aims here at nurturing the very models of territorial developments. Significantly, the South Aquitaine TGEC, based in Tarnos (Landes) aggregates around twenty SSE bodies, public authorities and for-profit companies within one project of territorial cooperation. Constituting a TGEC consists in a discrete and contained construction and processing of territorial public problems. Nevertheless, public problems are subject to constant political work on the part of stakeholders. This political work aims first at bringing together initially distinct sector-based public problems (youth employment, social and economic development, equilibrium between productive and residential economy, gender equality, creation of economic activity, territorial short circuits, small farming, food) in order to merge them into a shared territorial project. The political work then aims at harmonizing distinct social constructions of public problems, varying according to the territories engaged in the cooperation. These public problems can aggregate on a virtuous manner, but they can also be subject to potential tensions when prioritization is needed.
    Abstract: L'économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) joue un rôle central dans l'inscription territoriale des problèmes publics, comme en témoigne en France le cas des pôles territoriaux de coopération économique (PTCE). Loin de se limiter à une addition de statuts entrepreneuriaux, l'ESS ambitionne ici de nourrir les modèles de développement territorial. À ce titre, le PTCE Sud Aquitaine, basé à Tarnos (Landes), associe une vingtaine de structures de l'ESS, collectivités et acteurs privés marchands dans une démarche de coopération territoriale. La constitution du PTCE témoigne d'un registre de construction et de traitement discret et confiné des problèmes publics territoriaux. Les problèmes publics y font l'objet d'un travail politique permanent de la part des acteurs. Ce travail politique vise d'abord à construire comme convergents des problèmes publics initialement distincts et sectoriels (emploi des jeunes, développement social et économique, équilibre entre économie productive et économie résidentielle, égalité entre les femmes et les hommes, création d'activités, circuits courts territoriaux, agriculture paysanne et alimentation) pour les fusionner dans un même projet territorial. Il entend ensuite harmoniser des constructions de problèmes publics distinctes selon les territoires engagés dans la coopération. Ces portages de problèmes publics peuvent s'agréger de façon vertueuse, ils peuvent aussi donner lieu à d'éventuelles tensions au moment de les hiérarchiser.
    Keywords: social and solidarity-based economy,territory,cooperation,public problems,économie sociale et solidaire,territoire,coopération,problèmes publics
    Date: 2021
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03256793&r=
  10. By: Treich, Nicolas
    Abstract: As is customary in economics, the Dasgupta Review on the economics of biodiversity adopts an anthropocentric approach: that is, among the millions of species on Earth, the Review accords a moral value to only one species; ours. Building on the literature in ethics, I explain why it is morally problematic to assume that other species – at least, sentient animals – only have an instrumental value for humans. The Review defends its approach, but I advance counter arguments. I highlight that preserving the diversity of life in ecosystems is not the same as taking care of the wellbeing of sentient species living in those ecosystems. Some biodiversity policies, such as protecting the blue whale or reducing meat consumption, largely satisfy both nthropocentric and non‐anthropocentric objectives. Other policies, such as the reintroduction of wolves or the eradication of invasive species, induce conflicts between these objectives. I finally discuss why the anthropocentric view remains prevalent in the research on biodiversity and present some potential non‐anthropocentric research directions
    Keywords: Biodiversity; environmental economics; anthropocentrism; animal welfare;; sentience; conservation.
    JEL: Q51 Q20 Q18 I30 Z00
    Date: 2022–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:wpaper:126575&r=
  11. By: Angarita, Erika; Nürnberger, Fabian; Dauber, Jens; Sanders, Jürn
    Abstract: Agriculture is one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss. Several studies concluded that minor changes within the current framework conditions would not be enough to solve the problem, a societal transformation is needed (IPBES, 2019). Transformation means fundamental changes in structural, functional, relational, and cognitive aspects of socio-technical-ecological systems that lead to new patterns of interactions and outcomes (Patterson et al., 2017). several projects, initiatives, and innovative research strategies are being developed to transform agriculture systems, however, how to monitor (for reporting) and analyse (for learning) transformative performance of these initiatives is still unclear. The aim of this document is to present a concept to analyse and monitor the level of transformative change on Agriculture within Landscape Laboratories oriented to enhance insect biodiversity in Germany. The concept “ATP-AgriLandLab” (Analysis of Transformation Processes within Agriculture Landscape Laboratories) is based on theoretical frameworks of transformation and transdisciplinary research combined with cases studies, used to identify, and summarize key elements of transformative change. ATP-AgriLandLab is based on the three dimensions of transformative change: changes in the way of thinking, acting, and organizing, where a set of components are linked to each dimension and are used to describe, monitor, and evaluate the performance of transformation processes. Components as technological and social innovations, social values, knowledge, social inclusion, and natural resources management are proposed to monitoring outputs and outcomes of process of change, meanwhile, components as dynamic, flexibility, timing, transparency, and communication allows to monitor the behaviour of the process on-going. This concept seeks to provide a methodology to facilitate the understanding and evaluation of complexity of transformation processes accessible to researchers, practitioners, and advisory agents, working within a Landscape Laboratories in agricultural sector.
    Keywords: Community / Rural / Urban Development, Environmental Economics and Policy
    Date: 2021–11–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:gewi21:317088&r=
  12. By: Louis Chauvel; Eyal Bar-Haim; Anne Hartung; Emily Murphy
    Abstract: Over the last three decades, the wealth-to-income ratio (WIR) in many Western countries, particularly in Europe and North America, increased by a factor of two. This represents a defining empirical trend: a rewealthization (from the French repatrimonialisation) – or the comeback of (inherited) wealth primacy since the mid ‘90s. For the sociology of social stratification, “occupational classes” based on jobs worked must now be understood within a context of wealth-based domination. In this paper, we first illustrate important empirical features of an era of rising WIR. We then outline the theory of rewealthization as a major factor of class transformations in relation to regimes stabilized in the post-WWII industrial area. Compared to the period where wealth became a secondary resource for a middle-class lifestyle afforded by education and labor income for both men and women, rewealthization has steepened the vertical climb to resource “abundance” (feng) in society while masking social reproduction.
    Date: 2021–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lis:liswps:821&r=
  13. By: Linsi, Lukas; Hopkin, Jonathan; Jaupart, Pascal
    Abstract: Existing studies of the political determinants of top incomes and inequality tend to focus on developments within individual countries, neglecting the role of interdependencies that transcend national borders. This article argues that the sharp rises in top incomes observed in recent years are in part a product of specific features originating in the US political economy, which were subsequently exported to other economies through the global expansion of US-based financial investors. To test the argument, we collect fine-grained micro-level data on executive pay and firm ownership structures for a comprehensive sample of publicly listed firms in the United Kingdom (UK). Our analyses uncover robust evidence that the Americanization of UK firm ownership leads to the financialization of remuneration practices and sizeable pay increases for high-level managers at those firms. Scrutinizing the causal mechanisms underlying this effect, we find them to be more consistent with changes in bargaining power inside firms rather than coercion from outside or exogenous shifts in labor markets for executives. The findings show the disruptive potential of Wall Street investments abroad to empower local managerial elites to capture greater rents and, more generally, demonstrate the need to take the transnational seriously in order to understand patterns of inequality in the global political economy.
    Keywords: inequality; multinational firms; global economy; transnational diffusion; financialization; Americanization; shareholder value ideology; corporate governance; P2SKP1_168289; International Inequalities Institute (Research Innovation Fund 2016)
    JEL: R14 J01 N0
    Date: 2021–11–29
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:113543&r=
  14. By: Parker, Gail Denise; Costa, King (Global Centre for Academic Research)
    Abstract: The concept of value-significance in landownership has been viewed from only one dimension – the economic dimension. This study focused on the intrinsic dimension, sometimes theoretically called “place attachment” to determine how this component could be infused in land reform support and maintenance programmes directed towards beneficiaries of the land redistribution programme in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. The current state of post-land redistribution programme is characterized with a plethora of problems that lead to discouraged beneficiaries, unproductive land use and ultimate land degradation. This study sought to answer the question, “How to instill value-significance in land ownership to beneficiaries of the land redistribution programme in the Northern Cape Province”. An interpretivist phenomenological approach was selected as method of inquiry, purposively selecting ten study participants from different cohorts of the land redistribution programme between the period 1994 to 2018. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain in-depth insights, to describe the lived experiences of participants. Aligned with ethical standards, interviews were conducted and recorded on an audio recording device, with the permission of participants. Recorded data was transcribed and analyzed using both thematic analysis benchmarked to the COSTA QDA Technique and the webQDA software. Findings of the study culminated into thematic expressions, namely: land redistribution programme needs to be underpinned by a structured maintenance programme; lives of beneficiaries are transformed; beneficiaries aspire full ownership of the land for productive use. The study concluded in a rigorous synthesis of these thematic expressions and culminated in development of the INSTIL Framework for instilling value-significance in land ownership. It is recommended that the framework for instilling value-significance in land ownership be implemented to enhance the success of the land redistribution programme in the Northern Cape province. Key words: Identity, Instil, Land ownership, Place attachment, Value-significance
    Date: 2021–11–03
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:africa:ca65z&r=
  15. By: BAGDE, RAKSHIT
    Abstract: The economic system is the cornerstone of social development. Its economic system has remained at the root of the progressive development of human civilization. A country, society, or caste; Social, political and cultural upliftment is mainly based on the progress of its economic resources and facilities. In a country without these facilities, human society cannot develop its civilization and culture. Meaning has a special place in human life. That is why even now and in the past, meaning is sometimes considered indirectly more important than religion. Gautama Buddha was the first to know this weakness of human nature. Saying that the root of all sorrows is craving, Gautama Buddha also included Dravyalalase in craving. The first is the life of luxury and the second is the life of physical suffering. I am a preacher of this middle way. The destruction of sorrow is the sole purpose of this Dhamma. 'This is the first Dhamma of Tathagata. Social misery is created out of a sense of superiority and inferiority. There are two extremes in society: exploiter and exploited, rich and poor. Sadness is created as soon as his ego of superiority is shaken. Gautama Buddha conveys the message of 'equality' from the point of view of the middle way of life, "Nekechi manussa settha na kechi manussa hina" that is, no man is superior or inferior. The beauty of human life is hidden in the Buddha's vision of equality.
    Keywords: Buddha, Decent livelihood, Wealth, Trade, Charity, Hunger and Poverty, Socialism
    JEL: A2 N0 N00 N55 N95
    Date: 2020–10–20
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:111573&r=
  16. By: Géraldine Schmidt (IAE Paris - Sorbonne Business School); Damien Mourey (UPF - Université de la Polynésie Française); Natalia Bobadilla (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - LABEX ICCA - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UP - Université de Paris - Université Sorbonne Paris Nord - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université Sorbonne Paris Nord)
    Abstract: Art and other creative approaches can be a resource or a mobilizing strategy for activists and artists. Little work has been done, however, on what happens in the interactions between artists and activists in the daily life of a conflict. We suggest that social mobilizations may be seen as organizing processes as well as mobilizing actions, and we analyze how creative and artistic approaches may contribute to this organizing/mobilizing reciprocal relationship. Based on an analysis of the conflict that accompanied the announcement of the Lejaby plant closure in Yssingeaux in 2012, and which inspired several artists, we show that these approaches, by their capacity to grasp sensitive dimensions, favour spatio-temporal episodes that structure the struggle: some constitute protected spaces, which can correspond to an intimate reflexive time or to a collective moment of synchronization of subjective temporalities ; others correspond to hybridized spaces, which can be sometimes empowering, sometimes theatrical. We thus contribute both to the field of social movement analysis, and to the role of art and creativity in the organization and mobilization within these movements; we also contribute to a relational reading of the spatial and temporal dimensions of organization and collective action, in the tradition of Lefebvre and Massey.
    Abstract: Les démarches créatives ou artistiques peuvent constituer des ressources ou des stratégies de mobilisation pour les activistes et les artistes. La littérature s'est peu intéressée néanmoins aux interactions entre les artistes et les activistes dans le quotidien d'un conflit. Nous suggérons de voir les luttes sociales comme des processus organisants (organizing) autant que comme des actions de mobilisation (mobilizing) et d'analyser en quoi les démarches créatives et artistiques contribuent à cette relation réciproque organizing/mobilizing. A partir d'une analyse du conflit qui a accompagné l'annonce de la fermeture de l'usine Lejaby à Yssingeaux en 2012, et qui a inspiré plusieurs démarches artistiques et créatives, nous montrons que ces démarches, par leur capacité à s'emparer de dimensions sensibles, favorisent des épisodes spatio-temporels structurants pour la lutte : certains constituent des espaces protégés, qui peuvent correspondre à un temps réflexif intime ou à un moment collectif de synchronisation des temporalités subjectives, d'autres correspondent à des espaces hybridés, qui peuvent être tantôt capacitants, tantôt théâtralisés. Nous contribuons à la fois au champ de l'analyse des mouvements sociaux, et du rôle de l'art et de la créativité dans l'organisation et la mobilisation de ces mouvements, mais également à une lecture relationnelle des dimensions spatiales et temporelles de l'organisation et de l'action collective, dans la lignée de Lefebvre et Massey.
    Keywords: Social conflict,Social movement,Art – Creativity,Arts-based methods,Time,Space
    Date: 2022
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03507126&r=

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