nep-hme New Economics Papers
on Heterodox Microeconomics
Issue of 2020‒07‒13
eleven papers chosen by
Carlo D’Ippoliti
Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza”
  1. Housing cooperatives are a growing presence in Australia’s housing system, providing a diversity of housing forms to a variety of household types across the income spectrum, typically serving low- and moderate-income households. International evidence shows that housing cooperatives can provide a range of housing from very low price points through to market rate in both non-urban and urban contexts. The research presented in this report reviewed a selection of international cooperative housing sectors in addition to the Australian context, with the aims of compiling current evidence for the social and financial benefits of housing cooperatives, to develop a framework to assess this in Australia; and to identify preliminary issues regarding the growth and diversification of housing cooperatives in Australia. Australian and international evidence for the benefits of housing cooperatives focuses on seven primary areas; greater levels of social capital, greater housing security and quality, health and wellbeing, skills acquisition, reduced costs, broader economic and development outcomes. Based on the international review, five factors can be seen to help the growth of cooperative housing in addition to supportive policy and/or public funding. Core amongst these are a stable asset base if the State itself is not the developer, access to appropriate finance, and familiarity and acceptance in the market. The growth and diversification of Australia’s cooperative housing sector requires assessment of its legislative and funding environment. Factors for consideration are: 1. Individual project viability; 2. Access to property title; 3. Appropriate development finance and resident mortgage mechanisms; 4. Policy support; 5. Appropriate regulation By Crabtree, Louise; Grimstad, Sidsel; McNeill, Joanne; Power, Emma
  2. Thomas Piketty, le capitalisme et la société juste By Nicolas Brisset; Benoît Walraevens
  3. La modélisation économique peut-elle aider à préserver la biodiversité ? By Jean-Michel Salles
  4. Intersecciones de ge?nero y discapacidad. La inclusio?n laboral de mujeres con discapacidad By Javier Armando Pineda Duque; Andrea Luna Ruiz
  5. What excludes women from landownership in Turkey? Implications for feminist strategies By Kocabicak, Ece
  6. Celso Furtado as 'Romantic Economist' from Brazil's Sertão By Jonas Rama; John Hall
  7. Does the Hunger Safety Net Programme Reduce Multidimensional Poverty? Evidence from Kenya By Sophie Song, Katsushi S. Imai
  8. The Role of Values of Economists and Economic Agents in Economics: A Necessary Distinction By Nestor Nieto
  9. Semiótica, valor económico y cultural de las mercancías: enlaces de la economía con la antropología económica By José Luis Martínez Montenegro
  10. Assessing Deprivation with Ordinal Variables: Depth Sensitivity and Poverty Aversion By Suman Seth, Gaston Yalonetzky
  11. Economic Development and the Death of the Free Market By Fix, Blair
  1. Housing cooperatives are a growing presence in Australia’s housing system, providing a diversity of housing forms to a variety of household types across the income spectrum, typically serving low- and moderate-income households. International evidence shows that housing cooperatives can provide a range of housing from very low price points through to market rate in both non-urban and urban contexts. The research presented in this report reviewed a selection of international cooperative housing sectors in addition to the Australian context, with the aims of compiling current evidence for the social and financial benefits of housing cooperatives, to develop a framework to assess this in Australia; and to identify preliminary issues regarding the growth and diversification of housing cooperatives in Australia. Australian and international evidence for the benefits of housing cooperatives focuses on seven primary areas; greater levels of social capital, greater housing security and quality, health and wellbeing, skills acquisition, reduced costs, broader economic and development outcomes. Based on the international review, five factors can be seen to help the growth of cooperative housing in addition to supportive policy and/or public funding. Core amongst these are a stable asset base if the State itself is not the developer, access to appropriate finance, and familiarity and acceptance in the market. The growth and diversification of Australia’s cooperative housing sector requires assessment of its legislative and funding environment. Factors for consideration are: 1. Individual project viability; 2. Access to property title; 3. Appropriate development finance and resident mortgage mechanisms; 4. Policy support; 5. Appropriate regulation
    By: Crabtree, Louise (Western Sydney University, Institute for Culture and Society); Grimstad, Sidsel (The University of Newcastle, Newcastle Business School); McNeill, Joanne (Western Sydney University, Institute for Culture and Society); Power, Emma (Western Sydney University, Institute for Culture and Society)
    Keywords: housing co-operatives; economic benefits; social benefits; housing policy; affordable housing; comparative housing policies. Original Report: National Housing Co-Operative Network, January 2019.
    JEL: B52 D02 D23 D60 H H53 K11 L30 O18 O57 R20 R21 R31 R53
    Date: 2019
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbz:nbsuon:2019_14&r=all
  2. By: Nicolas Brisset (Université Côte d'Azur, France; GREDEG CNRS); Benoît Walraevens (Université de Caen-Normandie, France; CREM CNRS)
    Abstract: Le présent article revient sur le dernier ouvrage de Thomas Piketty, Capital et idéologie (2019). Nous commençons par inscrire l’ouvrage dans l’argument développé par l’auteur dans ses précédents ouvrages, avant d’en souligner un certain nombre de limites. Nous questionnons d’abord la manière dont Piketty pense le capitalisme, avant d’en venir à sa théorie de l’idéologie. Enfin, nous tenterons de définir les contours et limites du projet de dépassement du capitalisme de Piketty.
    Keywords: Thomas Piketty, Capitalisme, Propriété, Idéologie, Justice sociale
    JEL: B4 B51 D63 N01
    Date: 2020–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2020-32&r=all
  3. By: Jean-Michel Salles
    Date: 2020–06–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02804092&r=all
  4. By: Javier Armando Pineda Duque; Andrea Luna Ruiz
    Abstract: RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene como objetivo explorar intersecciones entre género y discapacidad en la inclusión laboral, y las condiciones de trabajo de mujeres con discapacidad. A partir del concepto de interseccionalidad, y teniendo en cuenta algunos enfoques sobre discapacidad, se analizan experiencias situadas de discriminación en la inclusión laboral. El estudio se realizó en Bogotá, Colombia, con base en entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres profesionales en condición de discapacidad física. Analizar la inclusión laboral de mujeres con dis-capacidad desde la óptica de la interseccionalidad permite reconocer no solo la operación de un dividendo patriarcal entre la comunidad discapacitada, sino también normas de género e imaginarios en los empleadores que afectan de manera particular la inclusión laboral de las mujeres discapacitadas. Se concluye que, desde un enfoque social de la discapacidad, es necesario transversalizar la perspectiva de género en estrategias y políticas amplias de inclusión laboral.
    Keywords: interseccionalidad; género; discapacidad; inclusión laboral
    Date: 2018–07–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000149:017946&r=all
  5. By: Kocabicak, Ece
    Abstract: This article investigates the reasons for women's exclusion from landownership in Turkey. Landownership is a crucial element in enabling greater gender equality in developing countries. I argue that the Turkish civil code (1926–2001) discriminated against women in inheriting small-scale agrarian land, and the lack of alignment between separate feminist agendas weakened their capacity to challenge the gender-discriminatory legal framework. Historical analysis of the Ottoman and the Republican periods identifies the diverse implications for women's property rights of transition from the Islamic-premodern to the modern legal framework. The selected period reveals that rural and urban women were divided by changing forms of patriarchal domination, gendered landownership and paid employment. This division of women, alongside attacks and manipulation by the state, prevented the first-wave feminist movement from acting collectively. Consequently, the civil code granted education, employment, and inheritance rights to urban women but discriminated against rural women inheriting small-scale land under cultivation.
    Keywords: The Turkish civil code 1926; Landownership; Property; Ottoman empire; Feminism; Islam
    JEL: Q15
    Date: 2018–07–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:88707&r=all
  6. By: Jonas Rama (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UP1 UFR02 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne); John Hall (PSU - Portland State University [Portland])
    Abstract: In The Romantic Economist (2009), Richard Bronk laments that Enlightenment thinking dominated Economics during its formation as a science. As counterpoint, the 'Romantic Movement' had much to offer but remained peripheral. Consequently Economics embraced the centrality of rationality and other Enlightenment precepts, leading to a 'socialphysics'. Meanwhile human characteristics such; as sentiments, imagination and creativity were eschewed. While Bronk fails to identify an in-the-flesh 'Romantic Economist', our inquiry seeks to establish that indeed Celso Furtado qualifies. Profoundly influenced by his sensitivities and attachment to place, Furtado relies upon an organic metaphor - o sertão nordestino - for insights into complex developmental processes.
    Abstract: Em The Romantic Economist (2009), Richard Bronk lamenta que o pensamento iluminista tenha dominado a economia durante sua formação como ciência. O "Movimen-to Romântico" seria um contraponto, mas foi mantido distante. A economia abraçou a cen-tralidade da racionalidade e preceitos iluministas, tornando-se uma "física-social". Desde então, as características humanas como sentimento, imaginação e criatividade são evitadas. Embora Bronk não identifique um economista "romântico" de carne e osso, nossa pesquisa busca estabelecer Celso Furtado como um. Profundamente influenciado por sua sensibili-dade e raízes, Furtado fez uso de uma metáfora orgânica-o sertão nordestino-em seu entendimento de complexos processos de desenvolvimento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Brasil; Celso Furtado; Richard Bronk; movimento romântico; sertão.
    Keywords: Brazil,Celso Furtado,Richard Bronk,romantic movement
    Date: 2019
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:hal-02866791&r=all
  7. By: Sophie Song, Katsushi S. Imai
    Abstract: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the short-term impact and long-term sustainability of Kenya's Hunger Safety Net Programme (HSNP). Difference-in-difference and propensity score matching estimations are used to determine the impact of programme participation on the household multidimensional poverty index (MPI). We found that programme participation reduced the MPI significantly, which is mainly driven by the food insecurity dimension, and that the reduction in poverty is due to the reduction in the incidence and intensity, the latter in particular, of poverty among the ultra-poor households. Our analysis of the political economy of Kenya suggests that, while the government is making progress in the institutionalisation of social protection, weaknesses in the implementation and financing of the programme, as well as the short-term focus of impact evaluation, may undermine the programme’s potential to help build a strong state that is accountable for the eradication of poverty.
    Date: 2018–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qeh:ophiwp:ophiwp124&r=all
  8. By: Nestor Nieto (REGARDS - Recherches en Économie Gestion AgroRessources Durabilité Santé- EA 6292 - URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne)
    Abstract: The distinction between the value judgments of economists and those of economic agents is not clear in the literature of welfare economics. In this article, I show that the importance of making this distinction lies in determining not only whether economists can make value judgments in their professional work, but also determine how value judgments may be crucial to justify the economic agents' preferences. I consider the Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility to discuss this distinction, specifically the analysis of Harsanyi's impartial observer theorem, which provides a framework to justify that value judgments of economists and economic agents have to be properly identified. I suggest that it is essential to have a theoretical framework to make this distinction. For this purpose, I focus on two approaches that can be useful: Sen's classification of value judgments and Mongin's theses about value neutrality in economics.
    Date: 2020–06–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-02735869&r=all
  9. By: José Luis Martínez Montenegro
    Abstract: El presente ensayo busca responder cómo desde la perspectiva de la antropología económica se puede comprender que el valor económico de las mercancías está determinado en cierta medida por la cultura y por el efecto de la cultura creada por el sistema de producción capitalista en la actualidad: la cultura del consumo. Además, expone que dentro de la vida cotidiana de este siglo es posible observar que el valor de las mercancías se encuentra explicado por la semiótica detrás de los bienes y servicios. En consecuencia, la categoría de valor termina por cobrar un sentido diferente al usualmente expuesto tradicionalmente por los economistas clásicos. *** This essay seeks to answer how from the perspective of economic anthropology it could be understood that the economic value of goods is determined to some extent by culture and by the effect of culture created by the capitalist production system in the present: the culture of consumption. In addition, it is stated that within the daily life of this century, it is possible to observe that the value of merchandise is explained by the semiotics behind goods and services. Consequently, the value category ends up charging a different meaning to the one traditionally exposed by classical economists.
    Keywords: valor económico, antropología económica, mercancías, cultura
    Date: 2020–06–17
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000176:018204&r=all
  10. By: Suman Seth, Gaston Yalonetzky
    Abstract: The challenges associated with poverty measurement within an axiomatic framework, especially with cardinal variables, have received due attention during the last four decades. However, there is a dearth of literature studying how to meaningfully assess poverty with ordinal variables, capturing the depth of deprivations. In this paper, we first propose a class of additively decomposable ordinal poverty measures and provide an axiomatic characterisation using a set of basic foundational properties. Then, in a novel effort, we introduce a set of properties operationalising prioritarianism in the form of different degrees of poverty aversion in the ordinal context, and characterise relevant subclasses. We demonstrate the efficacy of our methods using an empirical illustration studying sanitation deprivation in Bangladesh. We further develop related stochastic dominance conditions for all our characterised classes and subclasses of measures. Finally, we elucidate how our ordinal measurement framework is related to the burgeoning literature on multidimensional poverty measurement.
    Date: 2018–09
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qeh:ophiwp:ophiwp123&r=all
  11. By: Fix, Blair (York University)
    Abstract: Free markets are, according to neoclassical economic theory, the most efficient way of organizing human activity. The claim is that individuals can benefit society by acting only in their self interest. In contrast, the evolutionary theory of multilevel selection proposes that groups must suppress the self interest of individuals. They often do so, the evidence suggests, by using hierarchical organization. To test these conflicting theories, I investigate how the 'degree of hierarchy' in societies changes with industrial development. I find that as energy use increases, governments tend to get larger and the relative number of managers tends to grow. Using a numerical model, I infer from this evidence that societies tend to become more hierarchical as energy use grows. This result is inconsistent with the neoclassical theory that individual self-interest is what benefits society. But it is consistent with the theory of multilevel selection, in which groups suppress the self-interest of their members.
    Date: 2020–05–19
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:g86am&r=all
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