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on Heterodox Microeconomics |
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Issue of 2019‒07‒29
seventeen papers chosen by Carlo D’Ippoliti Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza” |
| By: | Yoshihara, Naoki; Kwak, Se Ho |
| Abstract: | In contrast to Mandler's (1999a; Theorem 6) impossibility result about the Sraffian indeterminacy of the steady-state equilibrium, we first show that any regular Sraffian steady-state equilibrium is indeterminate in terms of Sraffa (1960) under the simple overlapping generation economy. Moreover, we also check that this indeterminacy is generic. These results are obtained by explicitly defining a simple model of overlapping generation economies with Leontief production techniques, in which we also explain the main source of the difference between our results and Mandler (1999a; section 6). |
| Keywords: | Sraffian indeterminacy, factor income distribution, general equilibrium framework |
| JEL: | B51 D33 D50 |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:hituec:698&r=all |
| By: | Schilirò, Daniele |
| Abstract: | This paper is an analysis with comments of the book by Mauro Baranzini and Amalia Mirante Luigi L. Pasinetti: An intellectual biography, London, Palgrave Macmillan, 2018 |
| Keywords: | Luigi Pasinetti; intellectual biography; Cambridge School of Keynesian Economics; growtn theory; structural change |
| JEL: | B3 B5 O41 |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:95330&r=all |
| By: | John Foster (School of Economics, The University of Queensland) |
| Abstract: | In the United States, the ratio of consumption to GDP has risen steadily over the past half century. In trying to understand why this ratio has increased so much, it is argued that standard models of the consumption function, built up from the neoclassical theory of constrained optimization, cannot offer a satisfactory answer. An alternative perspective is offered whereby aggregate consumption expenditure is seen as primarily the outcome of the population adopting widely upheld rules (‘meso-rules’) in a complex economic system. Aggregate consumption is viewed as the outcome of two contrasting historical processes: one mainly involving pre-committed, rule-bound choices and the other involving open-ended choices, made knowingly in the face of uncertainty, to adopt new meso-rules concerning the consumption of novel kinds of goods and services. The former process provides the degree of order that must be present in any complex system and the latter facilitates evolutionary change to occur. Using over half a century of data, the US consumption function is modelled successfully on the presumption that the economy is a complex system. The evidence supports the hypothesis that the ratio of consumption to GDP has risen because of the diffusion of a ‘culture of consumerism’ in the post-war era and that the limit of this process is now being approached, with important macroeconomic and social implications. |
| JEL: | E00 E01 E10 E2 E21 E60 |
| Date: | 2019–07–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qld:uq2004:606&r=all |
| By: | Liang, Qiao; Dong, Han; Bailey, Adrian; Hu, Weibin; Jia, Fu |
| Keywords: | Agribusiness |
| Date: | 2019–06–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea19:290709&r=all |
| By: | Kolpashnikova, Kamila; Chiba, Ryota; Shirakawa, Kiyomi |
| Abstract: | The assumption about socioeconomic status (SES) and participation in housework are based on the empirical results in Western countries. As such, SES is assumed to work in a similar way in other regions as it does in the countries of the global north. This assumption can often lead to misguided interpretations of the effects of SES on housework participation in other cultural contexts. One such exception is Japan. We analyze time-use diaries from the American Time Use Survey for the period from 2003 to 2016, 1986-2010 Canadian General Social Survey, and the 2006 Japan Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (社会生活基本調査). Using the negative binomial regression, we test whether SES is associated with less time spent on housework as the outsourcing hypothesis predicts. The findings show that this hypothesis stands only for Canadian and American women, whereas married Japanese women are unlikely to reduce their participation in housework with the increase of their SES. |
| Keywords: | gender and housework, Japanese housework participation, Japanese time use, marital status gap, routine housework |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hit:hituec:697&r=all |
| By: | Tatiana Khavenson (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Diana Koroleva (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Anastasia Lukina (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Education systems across the world are experiencing significant transformations. Grassroots innovators play an important role in these changes. To stimulate the development of grassroots innovations it is important to understand the mechanisms that underlie their creation. This paper investigates the motivation of individuals who initialize innovative projects in education. The approach to measuring motivation was adopted from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED) initially developed for social and commercial entrepreneurs. The Russian version of the methodology was elaborated and validated to study educational innovators. The sample consists of 437 participants of the Competition for Innovation in Education (KIVO). Four types of motivation are identified: social, self-realization, status, financial. They are explained within the self-determination theory (SDT) and grassroots innovations. The social and self-realization motives are inherent in all the actors, while the other two vary among innovators. This motivational structure allows the authors to differentiate between specific types of innovators – social entrepreneurs and ‘non-entrepreneurs’. The discussion, following the conclusion in this article, focuses on which environment would be favorable for developing innovations, considering the personal motives for innovative activity. The results can be valuable for education policy. |
| Keywords: | innovation, grassroots innovation, education innovations, motivation, PSED, education system, educational change. |
| JEL: | I20 I21 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:52edu2019&r=all |
| By: | Guillaume Compain (Université Paris-Dauphine, PSL Research University); Philippe Eynaud (GREGOR - Groupe de Recherche en Gestion des Organisations - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - IAE Paris - Sorbonne Business School); Lionel Morel (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Corinne Vercher-Chaptal (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | The sharing economy harbours a diversity of stories and practices that make this notion somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand, some powerful platform-companies, designed to capture, process and control increasing volumes of data in the hope of generating high profits, claim to belong to the sharing economy. On the other hand, we find sharing platforms that aim to escape purely commercial principles and place sharing and solidarity at the heart of their development models. A qualitative study carried out in France with a sample of nine platforms belonging to this second type brought to light two findings. Firstly, the alternatives studied are characterised by a dynamic of "re-embedding" on at least one of the three fictitious commodities identified by Polanyi (labour, money and land). Secondly, they aim to go beyond the classical opposition between the open strategy of the digital commons and the more closed approach based on collective ownership found in platform cooperativism. They manage to overcome this opposition through mutualistic practices and alliances, and multi-stakeholder governance built around the general interest. In doing so, sharing platforms are inventing the outlines of a possible renewal of public action and laying the foundations for an organised response to the challenges of the social and ecological transition |
| Keywords: | Sharing Economy,Platform,Digital commons,platform cooperativism,substantive economy |
| Date: | 2019–06–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-02140104&r=all |
| By: | Osvaldo Guariglia (CONICET - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires]) |
| Abstract: | In this article explicates the human right to be free from poverty by examining the duties it entails for different actors. Its discusses the complex relations between negative and positive rights and duties. I argue with Sengupta that the primary duty to eradicate poverty falls upon the state in which it occurs and that the duty of the affluent countries is subsidiary to that of the developing states. I conclude, that is necessary recognized a responsibility for social institu- tions and their effects, but this discussion of this responsibility is primarily focused on domestic institutional factors involved in the perpetuation of poverty. |
| Abstract: | En este artículo se explica el derecho humano a estar libre de pobreza mediante el examen de los deberes que conlleva para los diferentes actores. Se discuten las complejas relaciones entre derechos y deberes negativos y positivos. Argumento con Sengupta que el deber primario de erradicar la pobreza recae en el estado en el que ocurre y que el deber de los países ricos es subsidiario al de los estados en desarrollo. Concluyo, que es necesario reconocer una responsabilidad por las instituciones sociales y sus efectos, pero la discusión de esta responsabilidad se centra principalmente en los factores institucionales internos involucrados en la perpetuación de la pobreza. |
| Keywords: | Poverty,State,Protection,Human Rights,Pobreza,Estado,Protección,Derechos humanos |
| Date: | 2018–03–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02163075&r=all |
| By: | Burin Gumjudpai (IF Naresuan, ThEP Center, Econ NIDA); Yuthana Sethapramote (Econ NIDA) |
| Abstract: | This work critics on nature of thermodynamics coordinates and on roles of the variables in the equation of state (EoS). Coordinate variables in the EoS are analyzed so that central concepts are noticed and are used to lay a foundation in building of a new EoS or in testing EoS status of a newly constructed empirical equation. With these concepts, we classify EoS into two classes. We find that the EoS of market with unitary price demand and linear price-dependent supply function proposed by \cite{GumjMarket}, is not an EoS because it has only one degree of freedom. |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1907.07108&r=all |
| By: | Tullio Buccellato (Economic Research Department, Confindustria.); Giancarlo Corò (Department of Economics, University Of Venice Cà Foscari) |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to analyze how the heterogeneous structure of the European regions has affected their patterns of convergence or divergence. We analyse data collected by Eurostat, from a balanced panel of 191 regions and 55 economic branches over the period 2003-2015. In this way, we are able to describe and capture technological proximity across the regions and analyse how it has evolved over space and time. Limiting the analysis to the manufacturing activities, we are also able to measure the degree of economic complexity of the regional production systems and assess how this affects their patterns of growth. Our findings suggest that there are pushing (enhancing convergence) and pulling (exacerbating economic gaps) forces to economic convergence. Spatial effects tend to push towards convergence, with the Eastern regions that started from relatively low levels of GDP per capita and experienced higher growth rates. Nevertheless, the different level of economic complexity tends to widen the gaps between territories: for example, the German regions, whose economic structures are more complex, have kept on widening the gap between themselves and the other European regions. The two different forces are also interconnected as the Eastern regions combine a relatively low level of GDP per capita with a significant level of economic complexity. During the period considered, the improvement in living standards has corresponded to the upgrade of their manufacturing production structures. |
| Keywords: | Regional disparities, growth, convergence, structural change, relatedness, economic complexity, spatial effects |
| JEL: | O10 O25 P25 R10 L16 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ven:wpaper:2019:15&r=all |
| By: | Gunduz Caginalp; Mark DeSantis |
| Abstract: | The methodology presented provides a quantitative way to characterize investor behavior and price dynamics within a particular asset class and time period. The methodology is applied to a data set consisting of over 250,000 data points of the S&P 100 stocks during 2004-2018. Using a two-way fixed-effects model, we uncover trader motivations including evidence of both under- and overreaction within a unified setting. A nonlinear relationship is found between return and trend suggesting a small, positive trend increases the return, while a larger one tends to decrease it. The shape parameters of the nonlinearity quantify trader motivation to buy into trends or wait for bargains. The methodology allows the testing of any behavioral finance bias or technical analysis concept. |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1907.04422&r=all |
| By: | Florent Pasquier (COSTECH - Connaissance Organisation et Systèmes TECHniques - UTC - Université de Technologie de Compiègne) |
| Abstract: | Cet article vise à rendre compte de la présence et des formes actuelles de la transdisciplinarité dans les domaines de la recherche et de l'enseignement. Il en présente les origines épistémologiques et en explicite des concepts fondamentaux théoriques. Puis il expose plusieurs exemples d'applications contemporaines en Sciences de l'éducation ou en rapport avec les nouvelles technologies éducatives. Mots-clés Transdisciplinarité, transpersonnel, information, réalité, conscience, pédagogie. Abstract This article aims at presenting transdisciplinarity as a current paradigm in the fields of research and education. It presents the epistemological origins and some fundamental theorical concepts. Then, I produce several examples of contemporary applications in educational sciences, among them, some using information and communication technologies. Introduction Le titre de cet article est un détournement de la célèbre phrase de Staline à propos du pouvoir papal en 1935 : « Le pape, combien de divisions ? ». Cette question évaluative peut se poser également en ce qui concerne la dimension que la transdisciplinarité atteint de nos jours. Revenons donc à la définition de la division, terme polysémique. Selon le Larousse en ligne 2 , elle peut être communément : « une dissension, désunion, due à la séparation des intérêts ou des idées ». Et aussi « une réunion sous un même chef de plusieurs bureaux ayant des attributions voisines », ce qui va donc dans le sens d'une union des forces en présence. Concernant la transdisciplinarité, les auteurs qui travaillent avec ce sujet sont désormais nombreux. Ils explorent chacun cette pensée selon des approches et des orientations portant la marque de leur parcours de vie et de leurs personnalités singulières. Ils peuvent alors apparaître éloignés ou « divisés ». Certains théoriciens et certaines écoles peuvent même se sentir en rivalité, une attitude qui se trouve à l'opposé d'une vision qui tend à l'inverse la plupart du temps à unifier et à mettre en synergie les différents domaines du savoir dans une vision méta. Ce titre souligne aussi que l'approche transdisciplinaire n'a pas encore trouvé une place affirmée dans l'échiquier académique des formations, pas plus que dans l'éventail de la répartition des sciences en différents domaines de connaissances. Rares sont les formations à la transdisciplinarité en tant que telle. Et de fait, une grande partie de la communauté des enseignants et des chercheurs travaille encore selon le paradigme du monde initié par Pascal et Descartes, caractérisé par une approche fragmentée du monde. Et pourtant, dès 1986, un colloque sous l'égide de l'Unesco, « la science face aux confins de la connaissance : le prologue de notre passé culturel », aboutit à la Déclaration de Venise, qui dans 3 de ses 6 articles 3 insiste sur la nécessaire prise en compte de la transdisciplinarité dans l'évolution de la |
| Keywords: | Transdisciplinarity,transpersonal,information,reality,consciousness,pedagogy |
| Date: | 2017–11–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02146462&r=all |
| By: | Ariane Ghirardello (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Amélie Seignour (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - UM3 - Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - Groupe Sup de Co Montpellier (GSCM) - Montpellier Business School - UM - Université de Montpellier); Corinne Vercher-Chaptal (CEPN - Centre d'Economie de l'Université Paris Nord - UP13 - Université Paris 13 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | L'objet du présent article est de situer la perspective de la codétermination dans le débat académique sur la nature et les finalités de l'entreprise. Nous inscrivons la codétermination dans le dépassement des limites de l'approche dominante de la responsabilité sociale (RSE) adossée à la théorie des parties prenantes. En redonnant une place au travail, à côté de celle laissée au capital, dans la gouvernance de l'entreprise, nous formulons l'hypothèse selon laquelle la codétermination est de nature à réussir là où la RSE a échoué : c'est à dire dans l'incarnation d'une représentation alternative de l'entreprise fondée sur une gestion politique (versus instrumentale) des parties prenantes, de nature à mieux gérer les tensions entre les différentes finalités-économique, sociale et environnementale-de l'activité productive. La codétermination faciliterait ainsi l'articulation entre deux représentations-distinctes mais liées-de l'entreprise : « l'entreprise entité politique » et « l'entreprise institution politique ». |
| Date: | 2018–03–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-02141402&r=all |
| By: | Chan, Sander; Bencini, Jacopo |
| Abstract: | The 2015 Paris Agreement and the accompanying Paris Decision recognise the importance of climate actions by non-state actors, such as businesses, civil society organisa¬tions, cities, regions and cooperative initiatives, to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) and to adapt to climate change as necessary complements to governmental commitments. Prominent international platforms, such as the Non-State Actor Zone for Climate Action (NAZCA) by the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Climate Initiatives Platform ad¬min-istered by the United Nations Environmental Pro¬gramme/Technical University of Denmark (UNEP/DTU) Part¬ner¬ship, have greatly improved the visibility of such actions. Within this dynamic field of non-state climate action, non-state actors based in the European Union (EU) can be considered global leaders. Actions led by EU-based actors represent most initiatives registered with UNFCCC’s NAZCA platform. Moreover, individual member states have played leading roles in the Global Climate Action Agenda (also known as the Marrakech Partnership for Global Climate Action). A recent study by the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC) and the German Develop¬ment Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwick¬lungs¬politk (DIE) moreover finds that actions led by EU-based non-state actors are performing well compared with the global average (EESC, 2018). However, the implementation of non-state actions is not evenly distributed. In absolute terms, existing initiatives in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are underrepresented. Moreover, few actions led by EU-based non-state actors are recorded in international platforms in areas such as forestry, transport and construction (EESC, 2018). The need for more, and more effective, non-state actions is evident given the fact that current EU climate policies are inconsistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement. According to the Climate Action Tracker, the EU’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) is insufficient; if all govern¬ments had targets similar to the EU, global warming could exceed 2°C and possibly even 3°C. Non-state actors could make important additional mitiga¬tion and adaptation contributions, both directly, for example, through new installations, as well as indirectly, for example, by encouraging behavioural change. Moreover, they could inspire governments and the EU to be more ambi¬tious. However, currently non-state actions are not easy to track. Despite a strong focus on climate mitigation, most actions led by EU-based actors do not set clear GHG reduction targets. In addition, many relevant actions remain unrecorded. This paper explores what is necessary to accelerate non-state actions and enhance their effectiveness in the EU and as a solution suggests that a light-touch framework be implemented to stimulate bottom-up climate actions. This framework should respond to the needs and challenges experienced by a range of stakeholders while building on existing efforts. Moreover, a well-designed framework could help address the imbalances identified in this study. |
| Keywords: | Klimawandel |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:diebps:212018&r=all |
| By: | Patricia Andrade de Oliveira e Silva (IPC-IG); Marcelo Marques de Magalhães (IPC-IG) |
| Abstract: | "Los índices de pobreza de Brasil son generalmente más altos entre familias granjeras en la región Noreste del país. Especialmente entre políticas de desarrollo rural esta en el Programa Nacional de Crédito Fundiario?PNCF, el cual provee crédito a granjeros con poca o ninguna tierra para comprar propiedad y completar mejoras necesarias a esta. Sin embargo, en un esfuerzo de reducir las tazas estándar para recibir crédito, los granjeros deben estar organizados; por lo tanto, la política indirectamente promueve la asociación y la generación de capital social (los bienes que son resultados de relaciones sociales). Así, aunque no sea el objetivo principal de la política explícitamente, la generación de capital social puede contribuir hacia el desarrollo rural del país". (...) |
| Keywords: | Política, crédito, tierra, Brasil, evidencia, redes sociales |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipc:opespa:334&r=all |
| By: | Claude DIEBOLT; Michael J. HAUPERT |
| Abstract: | In a recent article Stefano Fenoaltea (2018) bemoaned the loss of respect and focus on the importance of creating databases, or “measurement” as he referred to it. Cliometrics has made and continues to make valuable contributions not just to the field of economic history, but economics in general. In particular, we focus on the contribution of cliometrics to the creation of datasets. We highlight several important cases in both the past and present, of recognized important contributions of new datasets to the economics discipline. We argue that Clio has continually focused on, and valued, the creation of new data sets and the clever and novel ways they have been exploited to further the frontiers of knowledge, and that these efforts are both appreciated and recognized. |
| Keywords: | Cliometrics, Databases, Economic history, Measurement. |
| JEL: | A10 A12 B41 C81 C82 N00 N01 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2019-30&r=all |
| By: | Victor Manuel Isidro Luna |
| Abstract: | This article outlines the role of three types of development banks (communal, national, and multilateral) in promoting sustainable growth and development in the future. The 2007-2008 crisis made clear the need for: (1) heavy investment in developed as well as peripheral countries, and (2) coordinated financial institutions at the local, national, and international levels. Given a historical and spatial context, development banks can adopt different types of ownership (public or private), can target a myriad of specific sectors, and can promote local and international cooperation. We argue that for sustainable growth to be achieved, “confidence” has to be provided by public financial institutions. In our analysis we follow post-Keynesian ideas, which, considering the use of money with “social responsibility,” are thought to match the ideas of other heterodox approaches. |
| Keywords: | Development Banks, 2007-2008 Crisis, State of Confidence, Post-Keynesian, Sustainable Growth |
| JEL: | G10 G20 |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp1917&r=all |