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on Business, Economic and Financial History |
| By: | Bai Yu; Li Yanjun; Liu Xinyan |
| Abstract: | Little is known about the historical origins of political instability, and systematic empirical evidence remains limited. This paper addresses this gap by examining the historical determinants of political instability through the lens of the millennia-long centralized authoritarian monarchy in imperial China. Exploiting proximity to imperial capitals as a proxy for the strength of centralized statehood, we show that counties historically exposed to stronger and more persistent state penetration exhibit significantly lower levels of political instability today, as reflected in a lower incidence of anti-government protests. Our results further suggest that cultural transmission, rather than sustained development, demographic change, or institutional continuity, is the primary channel through which the legacy of long-defunct institutions endures. |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:toh:tupdaa:79 |
| By: | Erfurth, Philipp; Gómez León, María; Gabbuti, Giacomo; Milanovic, Branko |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a methodological contribution to the study of historical income inequality by examining the construction and use of social tables for the nineteenth century. In a period when modern household surveys were absent, social tables represent one of the only feasible approaches for providing distributional evidence for the entire population. At the same time, existing studies rely on a wide range of assumptions, classifications, and data treatments, which makes comparisons across countries and over time difficult. The paper reviews the main methodological challenges involved in constructing social tables, including class definitions, within group inequality, units of analysis, and the external validation of income levels and subsistence benchmarks. Using simulations and historical examples, it shows how alternative methodological choices can generate substantial differences in inequality estimates. It finally proposes a set of guiding principles and template structures aimed at improving comparability, while still preserving the country-specific nature of historical evidence. |
| JEL: | N0 J1 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:137134 |
| By: | Kevin Hjortshøj O'Rourke (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research) |
| Abstract: | It is highly appropriate to have an economic historian such as myself participating in a celebration of Patrick Honohan's life and work. To most observers Patrick is a macroeconomist, financial economist, and central banker, and of course he has been all of those things in his time and an outstanding one to boot. But Honohan's career is also deeply enmeshed with economic history. First, he has helped to make it, both when acting as advisor to Garrett FitzGerald in the 1980s, and in his role as Central Bank Governor during those very dark years that now (in part thanks to him) seem so long ago. Second, during the 2000s he wrote the first draft of the economic history of our crisis, in several frequently cited papers and reports that will be a key source for future historians (Honohan, 2009a; 2009b; 2010). And third, he has made fundamental contributions to Irish economic history (Honohan and Ó Gráda, 1998; Honohan and Walsh, 2002; FitzGerald and Honohan, 2023). This reflects a genuine interest in the past, which manifested itself inter alia during the regular cliometric workshops held at the Central Bank during his tenure there. Patrick has been an active and valued participant in many economic history meetings over the years, and economic historians are proud to have him as an honorary member of our tribe. |
| Keywords: | economic history, macroeconomics |
| Date: | 2025–03–31 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05509062 |
| By: | Yan Hu (School of Economics, University of Edinburgh); Stephan Maurer (School of Economics, University of Edinburgh) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we study this question using the historical example of China’s first modern bureaucratic organization, the Chinese Maritime Customs Service. Drawing on newly digitized personnel records from 1876-1911, we first show that the Chinese clerks employed by the service were predominantly Cantonese. Using the plausibly exogenous transfers of clerks across stations, we then estimate that a non-Cantonese (minority) clerk benefited significantly from meeting at least one colleague from his same province and dialect. Such connections led to faster promotion and a 5.6% salary increase, with even stronger effects when meeting a clerk who was either senior or of high quality. |
| Keywords: | Chinese Maritime Customs Service, social connections, wages, promotion, minorities. |
| JEL: | J15 J31 J45 N35 N75 |
| Date: | 2025–12 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:edn:esedps:325 |
| By: | Tommaso Giommoni; Gabriel Loumeau; Marco Tabellini |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we provide systematic evidence in support of the long-standing hypothesis that taxation was an important driver of the French Revolution. We first document that areas with heavier taxes experienced more riots between 1750 and 1789 and voiced more complaints against taxation in the cahiers de doléances of 1789. After showing that these effects are driven by indirect taxes, we exploit sharp spatial differences in the salt tax and the traites—the two principal indirect levies—to implement a regression discontinuity design (RDD).We find that unrest was higher on the high-tax side of the border. These effects intensified over time, peaking in the 1780s, and were stronger where fiscal disparities were larger and Enlightenment ideas more widespread. We further show that adverse weather shocks amplified unrest in high-tax municipalities. We then document that taxation fueled the spread of unrest during the Grande Peur—the wave of revolts that swept France in July 1789 and culminated in the abolition of feudal privileges. Finally, we link taxation to revolutionary politics in Paris, documenting that deputies from heavily taxed constituencies were more likely to frame the tax system as oppressive, support the Revolution, demand the abolition of the monarchy, and vote for the king’s execution. |
| JEL: | D74 H20 H31 N43 O23 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34816 |
| By: | Diego Battiston (School of Economics, University of Edinburgh); Stephan Maurer (School of Economics, University of Edinburgh); Andrei Potlogea (School of Economics, University of Edinburgh); Jose V. Rodriguez Mora (CUNEF Universidad, University of Edinburgh and CEPR) |
| Abstract: | The strong evidence in support of the Great Gatsby Curve (i.e. the negative crosssectional relationship between intergenerational mobility and inequality) seems to be at odds with the fact that large increases in inequality in the US have not resulted in decreases in mobility. We tackle this puzzle by measuring, for the first time, a dynamic version of the “Great Gatsby Curve†that relates changes in inequality to changes in intergenerational income mobility. We find that across US counties and during the last century the relationship is weak and unstable over relatively short intervals of two decades, but negative and significant over a longer period of almost a century. The historical record suggests that if the large increase of inequality observed in the US does not reverse, this may result in substantially lower socioeconomic mobility in the long term, even if mobility has not decreased yet. |
| Keywords: | Intergenerational Mobility, Inequality, Great Gatsby Curve. |
| JEL: | J62 N12 N52 R11 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:edn:esedps:324 |
| By: | Kevin Hjortshøj O'Rourke (CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research) |
| Abstract: | It is much too soon to speculate about the long-run impact of the second Trump administration's trade policy, since we don't know what it will be next week, let alone four years from now. But what we do know is that 2 April 2025 marked a brutal rupture with 90 years of American foreign economic policy that have shaped the world we live in. The symbolism was stark. By awarding each trading partner its own "reciprocal" tariff, the government of the US was tearing up the central foundational principle of the GATT and its successor organisation, the WTO, namely, the principle of non-discrimination enshrined in Article 1 of the GATT. Since it was the US itself that had been the great promoter of non-discrimination in trade – a position it had held since the 1930s – the events of 2 April marked the end of an era. |
| Keywords: | second Trump administration’s trade policy, American foreign economic policy, US government |
| Date: | 2025–12–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05509165 |
| By: | Lüpnitz, Jonas |
| Abstract: | This working paper investigates the tension between market forces and welfare policies by applying Karl Polanyi's "double movement" study to pre- and posttransformation Poland. The analysis aims at providing a comprehensive perspective on how poverty relief policies impacted and have been impacted by social, economic and political changes. Under socialism, the centralised welfare system promoted egalitarianism but failed to efficiently alleviate poverty. Solidarno´s´c, acting as a Polanyian countermovement, turned against the lack of adequate welfare policies. After the transition to capitalism the neoliberal shock therapy with its subsequent retrenchment increased inequality and, hence, poverty remained a substantial issue. Strikes and the electoral success of right-wing populism are analysed as a Polanyian countermovement advocating stronger social protection. The findings highlight how Polish history has been affected by a close interaction between Polanyian counter movements and expanding market forces that were not adequately met by poverty relief policies. |
| Keywords: | Marxism, Poverty Distribution, Welfare Effects, Economic History, Political Economy, Transition Economies, Former Socialist States |
| JEL: | B24 D33 I32 I38 N34 P16 P2 P36 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ipewps:336777 |
| By: | Clotilde Grassart (CLERSÉ - Centre Lillois d’Études et de Recherches Sociologiques et Économiques - UMR 8019 - Université de Lille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Adèle Sébert (REGARDS - Recherches en Economie Gestion Agroressources Durabilité et Santé - CRIEG - Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire Economie Gestion - MSH-URCA - Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne - URCA - Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne) |
| Abstract: | Using meso-economic analysis from an industrial economics perspective, the article examines the conditions under which Associations pour la Mutualisation d'une Energie de Proximité (AMEP) emerged in France as a particular form of collective self-consumption within energy communities. A historical review of sectoral developments since the 20th century reveals the market and institutional regulations that have enabled the emergence of citizen actors in the electricity sector, as well as the intertwining of political, productive and technical dynamics in the emergence of new modes of electricity production, supply and consumption. The article thus highlights the logic of productive and political differentiation of AMEP with regard to industrial actors and with regard to other energy communities involved in structuring and disseminating this new model. |
| Abstract: | Dans une perspective méso-économique issue de l'économie industrielle, l'article revient sur les conditions d'émergence des Associations pour la Mutualisation d'une Énergie de Proximité (AMEP) en France, comme forme particulière d'autoconsommation collective au sein du paysage des communautés d'énergie. La lecture historique des évolutions sectorielles à l'œuvre depuis le XXe siècle rend compte des régulations marchandes et institutionnelles ayant permis l'irruption d'acteurs citoyens dans le secteur de l'électricité mais aussi de l'enchevêtrement de dynamiques politiques, productives et techniques dans l'émergence de nouveaux modes de production, fourniture et consommation d'électricité. L'article met ainsi en lumière les logiques de différenciation productives et politiques des AMEP vis-à-vis des acteurs industriels et des autres communautés d'énergie qui accompagnent la structuration et la diffusion de ce nouveau modèle. |
| Keywords: | collective self-consumption, mesoeconomy, solidarity, ecology, renewable energy, electricity, électricité, énergie renouvelable, autoconsommation collective, solidarité, mésoéconomie |
| Date: | 2026–02–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05501463 |
| By: | Selinger, Daniel P; Crofton, Isaak |
| Abstract: | This essay argues that Ludwig von Mises’ regression theorem, when interpreted with full attention to its original logical structure and later Austrian developments, can be elevated from a narrow solution to the monetary circularity problem into a comprehensive methodological framework for analysing the non-monetary utility of cryptographic money. The authors reconstruct the classical Mises–Rothbard formulation and apply it to early Bitcoin history and to Monero’s genesis—especially the first non-coinbase transaction at block 110—to show that these systems exhibited technological, epistemic, and ideological utilities at “zero-day, ” prior to any established exchange value. The article also critiques recent misapplications of the regression theorem that dilute its rigor by treating virtually any collectible or idiosyncratically valued object as sufficient to satisfy its requirements, thereby trivializing the theorem. In contrast, the authors propose a disciplined regression-based research programme capable of distinguishing genuine cryptographic innovations from speculative tokens, tracing how early non-monetary utilities bootstrap intersubjective demand, marketability, and eventual monetary roles. The essay concludes that a rigorously applied regression framework provides a powerful tool for evaluating digital assets, advancing cryptographic research, and understanding the emergence of new monetary and institutional forms. |
| Keywords: | Mises’ regression theorem; non-monetary utility; cryptocurrencies; Bitcoin; Monero; zero-day analysis; Austrian economics; commodity theory of money; cryptographic primitives; privacy technologies; methodological framework; monetary emergence; blockchain history; digital assets evaluation |
| JEL: | B41 E31 Z1 Z11 Z19 |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:127140 |
| By: | Richard N. Langlois (University of Connecticut) |
| Abstract: | I hope to accomplish two things in this paper. First, I will examine my early engagement with Schumpeter and my work analyzing his ideas. This will include (1) my efforts to challenge the notion that Schumpeter somehow changed his views on entrepreneurship and (2) my reconstruction of his perspective on managerialism and my interpretation of what he truly meant by the “obsolescence of the entrepreneur.” Second, I will consider Schumpeter as a Public Choice theorist, reflecting on his contributions to that field in the context of today’s contested populist political environment, contrasting his approach with that of the Virginia School of Public Choice. |
| JEL: | B25 B31 D71 D83 P1 P3 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uct:uconnp:2026-01 |
| By: | Amaël Dupaix (BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UA - Université des Antilles); Charlotte Chazeau (BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UA - Université des Antilles); Nicolas Gasco (BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UA - Université des Antilles); Marion Kauffmann (BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UA - Université des Antilles); Anthony Père (BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UA - Université des Antilles); Clara Péron (BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - SU - Sorbonne Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UA - Université des Antilles) |
| Date: | 2025–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05493146 |
| By: | Gilles Guiheux (CESSMA UMRD 245 - Centre d'études en sciences sociales sur les mondes africains, américains et asiatiques - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales - UPCité - Université Paris Cité); Bernard Thomann (IFRAE - Institut français de recherche sur l’Asie de l’Est - Inalco - Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UPCité - Université Paris Cité) |
| Abstract: | This book is the culmination of advanced historical and sociological fieldwork in China, Japan, and France. It explores the evolution of working and living conditions in industrialized societies that have reached a certain level of wealth in a few decades, seeking to offer a more nuanced view on the profound changes experienced by the population in their daily lives. While high growth is generally associated with an increase in workers' standard of living, the high growth seen in China over the last 30 years has also produced situations of precariousness among the working class. This book questions the link between rapid growth and the generalized securitization of the salaried population, which has been assumed in contemporary sociological works, focusing not only on the evolution of labor and life conditions but also on how labor-relation actors and experts perceive the precariousness experienced in the context of high growth. |
| Date: | 2026–01–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05491259 |
| By: | Nicolau Martin-Bassols; Pietro Biroli; Elisabetta De Cao; Massimo Anelli; Stephanie von Hinke; Silvia Mendolia |
| Abstract: | The establishment of the UK National Health Service (NHS) in July 1948 was one of the most consequential health policy interventions of the twentieth century, providing universal and free access to medical care and substantially expanding maternal and infant health services. In this paper, we estimate the causal effect of the NHS introduction on early-life mortality and we test whether survival is selective. We adopt a regression discontinuity design under local randomization, comparing individuals born just before and just after July 1948. Leveraging newly digitized weekly death records, we document a significant decline in stillbirths and infant mortality following the introduction of the NHS, the latter driven primarily by reductions in deaths from congenital conditions and diarrhea. We then use polygenic indexes (PGIs), fixed at conception, to track changes in population composition, showing that cohorts born at or after the NHS introduction exhibit higher PGIs associated with contextually-adverse traits (e.g., depression, COPD, and preterm birth) and lower PGIs associated with contextually-valued traits (e.g., educational attainment, self-rated health, and pregnancy length), with effect sizes as large as 7.5% of a standard deviation. These results based on the UK Biobank data are robust to family-based designs and replicate in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing and the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Effects are strongest in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas and among males. This novel evidence on the existence and magnitude of selective survival highlights how large-scale public policies can leave a persistent imprint on population composition and generate long-term survival biases. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.03751 |
| By: | Geoffrey Wodtke; Weiqi Wang; Kristina Butaeva; Steven N. Durlauf |
| Abstract: | This paper studies contemporary trends in class mobility using a new approach based on the “synthetic dynasties” represented in Markov chains. This approach yields several novel measures of movement and memory, which respectively capture how class positions differ from one generation to the next and how the influence of class origins dissipates across generations. Applying these methods to data from the U.S., we find that overall levels of movement and memory have remained largely stable across cohorts born between 1945 and 1990. This stability, however, masks offsetting class-specific trends. Among those from the upper and lower classes, movement has declined and memory has increased. In contrast, among the middle classes, movement has risen and memory has weakened. |
| JEL: | D30 H0 J01 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:34800 |
| By: | Masami Imai (Department of Economics, Wesleyan University); Koji Sakai (Kyoto Sangyo University); Michiru Sawada (Nihon University) |
| Abstract: | Distortions in credit allocation can slow technological progress by sustaining unproductive firms and generating congestion that crowds out innovation from otherwise healthy firms. We study this mechanism using Japan’s banking crisis of the 1990s, linking firm-level borrowing data to the universe of patent applications with more than fifteen years of historical citation outcomes. Innovation declines more in technology fields facing greater credit distortion, with effects substantially larger for forward citations than for patent counts. Firm-level evidence reveals persistently low innovation by zombie firms and reduced innovation by healthy firms operating in zombie-intensive industries, consistent with congestion effects. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wes:weswpa:2026-001 |
| By: | Marco Francesconi; Stephanie von Hinke; Emil N. S{\o}rensen |
| Abstract: | This paper shows that the mid-20th century was characterised by a considerable reduction in breastfeeding rates, reducing from over 80% in the late 1930s to just over 40% only three decades later. We investigate how maternal breastfeeding during this period has shaped offspring health and human capital outcomes in the UK. We use a within-family design, comparing children who were breastfed to their sibling(s) who were not. Our results show that breastfeeding increases adult height, as well as fluid intelligence, but does not affect educational attainment, nor adult BMI. In further analyses, we examine whether and how this impact varies with individuals' genetic "predisposition" for these outcomes, proxied by the outcome-specific polygenic index. We find that the "height-returns" to breastfeeding are larger among those genetically predisposed to be taller, with no genetic heterogeneity for the other outcomes, though we note that power in the within-family GxE analysis is more limited. Overall, our estimates suggest that breastfeeding plays a non-negligible role in child development. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.03221 |
| By: | Rok Spruk |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the long-run economic and institutional consequences of Iran's confrontation with the West, treating the 2006-2007 strategic shift as the onset of a sustained confrontation regime rather than a discrete sanctions episode. Using synthetic control and generalized synthetic control methods, I construct transparent counterfactuals for Iran's post-confrontation trajectory from a donor pool of countries with continuously normalized relations with the West. I find large, persistent losses in real GDP and GDP per capita, accompanied by sharp declines in foreign direct investment, trade integration, and non-oil exports. These economic effects coincide with substantial and durable deterioration in political stability, rule of law, and control of corruption. Magnitude calculations imply cumulative output losses comparable to civil-war settings, despite the absence of internal armed conflict. The results highlight confrontation as a deep and persistent economic and institutional shock, extending the literature beyond short-run sanctions effects to sustained geopolitical isolation. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.03231 |
| By: | Luca Benati |
| Abstract: | Evidence since the XIX century shows that whereas the demand for M1 is uniformly stable (Benati, Lucas, Nicolini, and Weber, 2021), the demand for broader aggregates is stable under monetary regimes making inflation strongly mean-reverting–such as the Gold Standard and inflation-targeting–but it became temporarily unstable during the Great Inflation. A simple extension of the Sidrauski model rationalizes these findings. The crucial mechanism hinges on the different impact of inflation on the demand for broad money, compared to that for M1. This implies that when inflation is highly persistent broad money demand becomes disconnected from both the demand for M1, and nominal interest rates. This evidence suggests that the post-Goldfeld (1973, 1976) consensus that money demand is unstable due to velocity shocks and financial innovation is incorrect. In fact, the only thing that matters for the stability of the demand for broad money is inflation persistence. I illustrate several implications of these findings, from identifying shocks to the natural rate of interest to estimating the natural rate and long-horizon inflation expectations, and identifying disequilibria in house and stock prices. |
| Keywords: | Lucas critique; monetary regimes; inflation persistence; money demand;natural rate of interest. |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ube:dpvwib:dp2601 |
| By: | Mehic, Adrian (Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN)) |
| Abstract: | How are preferences for innovation formed, and what determines the long-run direction of technological change? This paper shows that early-life exposure to environmental accidents can durably reorient inventive effort decades later, even in the absence of targeted policy. I study radioactive fallout from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident across Sweden, exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in local exposure driven by rainfall. Combining municipality-level fallout data with Swedish patent records from 1967 to 2021, I find that more exposed areas experienced a persistent increase in green patenting, with no change in total patenting. The effect emerges only in the early 2000s, and is driven by individuals exposed during childhood: matching inventor-level data with detailed administrative records, I show that individuals exposed to fallout during their formative years are more likely to enter the patent system as green inventors and to begin their inventive careers with green technologies, consistent with a cohort-based entry mechanism. A simple model of directed technical change with formative exposure rationalizes these findings. In addition, the paper shows that green patents originating from more exposed areas do not have a lower number of citations than other patents, suggesting that the results are not driven by low-quality innovations. |
| Keywords: | Patent; Environmental accidents |
| JEL: | D91 O31 Q53 Q55 |
| Date: | 2026–02–16 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:iuiwop:1552 |
| By: | Fitzgibbon, Joel |
| Abstract: | First elected to the House of Representatives in 1996, Joel served as Defence Minister and Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry in the Rudd Government. He also served as Chief Government Whip in the Gillard Government. Over the course of his 26 years in the Parliament, Joel held a number of Shadow Ministerial positions including Assistant Treasury, Financial Services, Defence, Mining, Energy, Agriculture, Small Business, Tourism and Regional Australia. He was also the Chair of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence & Trade. Joel retired from the House of Representatives in 2022. |
| Keywords: | Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391419 |
| By: | Breznau, Nate (University of Bremen) |
| Abstract: | This chapter introduces the Global Work-Injury Policy Database Longitudinal (gwip_long v1) tracking the development, coverage, and generosity of work-injury compensation laws in 188 countries since the Industrial Revolution. The Global South is home to nearly 80% of humanity and now surpasses the North in total GDP. The field of welfare state research is dominated by studies centered on and in the Global North. This disjuncture is both a scientific gap in welfare state knowledge, and a paradigm misalignment. Scientifically the gwip_long data provides an opportunity to investigate labor, institutions, social welfare and track trajectories in Global South countries and regions where this was not previously possible. As such it can address North/South knowledge and paradigm gaps. I encourage scholars to consider these gaps when using the data. In this chapter, I also demonstrate two use cases for the data grounded in postcolonial theory: 1), testing the impact of colonial institutions by colonizer, and 2) testing the logic of colonial extraction based on the number of persons forcibly enslaved and removed from African countries. I briefly discuss how postcolonial research is an important knowledge bridge but may not go as far as anti-colonial theory in uprooting existing knowledge structures, and this is an important distinction worth considering whenever engaging in global research. |
| Date: | 2026–02–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:qmcja_v2 |
| By: | Juan Camilo Laborde Vera |
| Abstract: | How does the current account respond to a monetary policy shock? The answer to this perennial question is theoretically ambiguous and empirical evidence is particularly scarce in emerging markets due to challenges in identifying exogenous policy variation. I construct a novel dataset of monetary policy shocks using analysts’ forecasts of policy rate decisions for an unbalanced panel of five emerging market economies in Latin America during 1999-2024. I estimate impulse response functions using local projections and find that a monetary tightening shock leads to a “J curve” pattern in the current account: a short-run contraction followed by a medium-run expansion. The response is heterogeneous in the cross-section and depends on the strength of the exchange rate appreciation resulting from the monetary contraction and the country’s export-import structure. The panel estimation results show that exports and imports exhibit a hump-shaped pattern and decline by 4.5 and 5.9 per cent, respectively, as a result of a one-percentage-point policy tightening shock. The results are robust to alternative measures of monetary shocks. *****RESUMEN: ¿Cómo responde la cuenta corriente a un choque de política monetaria? La respuesta a esta pregunta perenne es teóricamente ambigua y la evidencia empírica es particularmente escasa en países emergentes debido a desafíos en la identificación de fuentes de variación exógena de la política monetaria. En este artículo, construyo una base de datos novedosa de choques de política monetaria utilizando pronósticos de analistas sobre decisiones de tasa de política monetaria para un panel desbalanceado de cinco economías emergentes de América Latina durante 1999-2024. Estimo funciones de impulso-respuesta mediante proyecciones locales y encuentro que una contracción monetaria genera un patrón de "curva J" en la cuenta corriente: una caída en el corto plazo seguida de una expansión en el mediano plazo. La respuesta es heterogénea entre países y depende de la fortaleza de la apreciación cambiaria que resulta de la contracción monetaria y de la estructura exportadora e importadora del país. Los resultados de las estimaciones tipo panel muestran que las exportaciones y las importaciones exhiben un patrón jorobado y caen 4, 5% y 5, 9%, respectivamente, como resultado de un choque monetario contractivo de un punto porcentual. Los resultados son robustos a la utilización de medidas alternativas de choques monetarios. |
| Keywords: | Monetary Policy, Local Projections, Monetary Policy Shocks, Current Account Adjustment, Open Economy Macroeconomics, International Macroeconomics, Política Monetaria, Proyecciones Locales, Choques de Política Monetaria, Ajuste de la Cuenta Corriente, Macroeconomía de Economía Abierta, Macroeconomía Internacional. |
| JEL: | E52 F32 F41 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdr:borrec:1343 |
| By: | Anderson, John |
| Abstract: | John Anderson has been a long-serving member of the Board of the Crawford Fund and has been Chair of the Board since 2017. He was appointed companion of the order of Australia (AC) in the Queen’s Birthday 2022 Honours List for eminent service to rural and regional development, to leadership in international agricultural research and food security, to social commentary, and through contributions to not-for-profit organisations. John Anderson is the former Deputy Prime Minister and Leader of the National Party of Australia (1999-2005); Minister for Primary Industries and Energy (1996-1998); Minister for Transport and Regional Development (1998-2005); served on Expenditure Review (Budget) Committee, National Security Committee and Standing Environment Committee while in Cabinet. He was the member for Gwydir, New South Wales 1989 to his retirement in 2005. John has returned to farming and is also active in the not-for-profit sector. |
| Keywords: | Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391420 |
| By: | Preston, Esme; Preston, John |
| Keywords: | Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:monebs:266860 |
| By: | Thwaites, Kate |
| Abstract: | Kate has served as the Federal Member for Jagajaga in Melbourne’s north-eastern suburbs since 2019. Kate is currently the Special Envoy for Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience. Previous roles she’s held in Government include Assistant Minister for Social Security, Ageing and Women, and Chair, Joint Standing Committee for Electoral Matters. She is the author of ‘Enough Is Enough’, about making the Australian Parliament and community a safer place for women, written with former MP Jenny Macklin.She holds a BA (Journalism) and a Master of International Development. Prior to entering Parliament Kate worked as a journalist, as well as in international development, and the public service. Kate lives in Jagajaga with her husband and two children. |
| Keywords: | Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:cfcp25:391421 |