nep-his New Economics Papers
on Business, Economic and Financial History
Issue of 2024‒01‒22
sixty papers chosen by
  1. Business Forms and Business Performance in UK Manufacturing 1871-81 By Hannah, Leslie; Foreman-Peck, James S.
  2. The Prytanean Society:Remarkable Women By Protti, Maria
  3. Does rice cultivation induce better math institutions? By Paola Llamas
  4. On Complexity as Meta-Theory: a perspective from Economics By Redigonda, Margherita
  5. Rhona Weinstein Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Weinstein, Rhona
  6. Introduction to the 150W Collection on the History of Women at UC Berkeley By Gallagher, Catherine; Humphreys, Sheila; MacLachlan, Anne
  7. Clair Brown Interview, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s" By Brown, Clair
  8. Living Standards In The Ussr During The Interwar Period By Ilya B. Voskoboynikov
  9. 150 Years of Women at Berkeley, and the School of Education By Tom, Dara
  10. Women at Berkeley, The First Hundred Years By Gallagher, Catherine
  11. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and Non-Particulate Air Pollution: Evidence from the 20th Century By Forshaw, Rachel; Kharadi, Natalya; McLaughlin, Eoin
  12. Susan Matisoff Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Matisoff, Susan
  13. Overtourism, development and Spring Break in Barcelona and Marseille, 20th - 21st century By P. Ballester
  14. Natalie Zemon Davis Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Davis, Natalie Zemon
  15. Women in Archaeology at UC-Berkeley: An Unusual Richness By Conkey, Meg
  16. Betty Scott: Professor Pioneered Using Statistics to Address Bias in University Hiring By Bashor, Jon
  17. Women Faculty in the Department of Music, 1915-1975 By Smart, Mary Ann
  18. MARJORIE SHULTZ By Swift, Eleanor
  19. Estimating Returns to Schooling and Experience: A History of Thought By Chiswick, Barry R.
  20. Leanne Hinton Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Hinton, Leanne
  21. Women in Computer Science and Electrical Engineering: A Network of Our Own By Humphreys, Sheila
  22. Susan O’Hara (1938-2018): A Champion of Disability Rights and Independent Living By Tan, Mary
  23. Carol Christ Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Christ, Carol
  24. Mary Ann Mason Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Mason, Mary Ann
  25. Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium in Kuhn Poker By Martín Iñaki Loriente; Juan Cruz Diez
  26. From the OHC Archives: Zona Roberts and Learning to Walk Backwards By Long, Annabelle
  27. Creating the “American Way” of Business: Evidence from WWII in the U.S. By Michela Giorcelli
  28. Mortality from the 1944-1945 famine in Java, Indonesia By Pierre van der Eng
  29. Jessica Blanche Peixotto and the Founding of Berkeley Social Welfare By Edleson, Jeffrey L.
  30. Beth Burnside Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Burnside, Beth
  31. Hostility, Population Sorting, and Backwardness: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from the Red Army after WWII By Christian Ochsner
  32. Karlene Roberts Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Roberts, Karlene
  33. The Evolution of Gender Equity Among the Professoriate By Page-Medrich, Sharon
  34. The financial inclusion paradigm: the evolution of concepts in a historical and universal context By Khalid Lahrour; Latifa Horr
  35. Domestic values: gendered labor and the uncanniness of critique in marketing life insurance for women By Kar, Sohini
  36. Asian American and Asian Diaspora Studies By Um, Khatharya
  37. Eleanor Swift Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Swift, Eleanor
  38. Wealth, Inheritance, and Concentration: An ‘Old’ New Perspective on Italy and its Regions from Unification to the Great War By Giacomo Gabbuti; Salvatore Morelli
  39. A BRIEF HISTORY OF WOMEN IN THE DEPARTMENT OF CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING By Son, Daisy
  40. Commentaire au numéro dédié à Jean-Paul Fitoussi - "Causes of the 1980s Slump in Europe" By Xavier Timbeau
  41. Indigenous Leaders – 150 Years of Women By Naranjo, Patrick; Tan, Mary
  42. A Social History of Female Faculty in Psychology at UC Berkeley (1888-2021) By Weinstein, Rhona S.; Ayduk, Ozlem; Johnson , Sher L.
  43. Did Cities Increase Skills During Industrialization? Evidence from Rural-Urban Migration By Andersson, Jonatan; Molinder, Jakob
  44. Celebrating 150 Years of Women at Berkeley- Political Science By Goel, Ritika
  45. Profitability of small- and medium-sized enterprises in Marshall’s time: sector and spatial heterogeneity in the nineteenth century By Bennett, Robert J; Smith, Harry; Montebruno, Piero; Van Lieshout, Carry
  46. As I Walk these Paths: Honoring the Unheralded Courage of the African American Women Pioneers of the University of California, Berkeley By White, Gia
  47. La philosophie économique en Chine dans une perspective historique longue By Gilles Campagnolo
  48. Population and Welfare: The Greatest Good for the Greatest Number By Mohamad Adhami; Mark Bils; Charles I. Jones; Peter J. Klenow
  49. Ruth Tringham Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Tringham, Ruth
  50. JAPANESE AND CHINESE STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS AT BERKELEY FROM 1900 TO 1946: FINDING COMMUNITY IN THE FACE OF EXCLUSION By Jiang, Miranda
  51. Jewelle Taylor Gibbs Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Gibbs, Jewelle Taylor
  52. The digitalisation, dematerialisation and decarbonisation of the global economy in historical perspective: the relationship between energy and information since 1850 By Fouquet, Roger
  53. 150W: Matriarchs of TWLF* Ethnic Studies: A look into the history of the matriarchs of the Department of Ethnic Studies at UC Berkeley By Serrano, Jacquelyn
  54. Urbanization and the Change in Political Elites By Franck, Raphaël; Gay, Victor
  55. Carol Clover Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Clover, Carol
  56. Marjorie Shultz Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Shultz, Marjorie
  57. Internal Control In Organization Theories: A Review Of Theoretical Literature By Soufiane Ghyati; Tarik Kasbaoui
  58. Judith Klinman Interview, Paula Fass and Christina Maslach, "Academic Pioneers: Women at Berkeley in the 1970s and 1980s." By Klinman, Judith
  59. 150 Years of Women at Berkeley Astronomy: Early Stars By Humphreys, Sheila
  60. Adrienne Koch, the First Woman in the Berkeley Department of History By Hollinger, David
  1. By: Hannah, Leslie; Foreman-Peck, James S.
    Abstract: We analyse a new dataset of 483 manufacturing firms in 1881 either that employed at least 1000 or had done so a decade earlier. Among these firms the majority were partnerships, but public corporations attained higher capital/ labour ratios and stronger employment growth than other business forms. The divorce of ownership from control was most effective where it was most thoroughly practised, as by public, in contrast to private, corporations. Engineers were frequently encountered in all business forms and associated with expanding employment. But the large public manufacturing corporations employed almost twice the proportion of engineers and professionals in top management as other enterprises. We find that family firms, proxied by heirs, were present in management of three quarters of partnerships but in only one third of public corporations, and did indeed reduce the employment growth of the firm, whereas engineers boosted it by more. Lords, mayors and landed wealth in management were also associated with faster employment growth of enterprises. These results suggest some stereotypes in the literature need to be more precisely defined or seriously questioned.
    Keywords: Business performance, corporations, partnerships, manufacturing, engineers, Victorian economy
    JEL: N0 N8 O1
    Date: 2023
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:119447&r=his
  2. By: Protti, Maria
    Abstract: Short history of the first women's honor society at CAL featuring some of its most remarkable women.
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt9h883750&r=his
  3. By: Paola Llamas (Department of Economics, Universidad de San Andrés)
    Abstract: This paper studies the link between historical rice cultivation and the ‘math quality’ of institutions in Chinese provinces. To address potential endogeneity concerns, we use Rice Suitability as an instrumental variable for rice cultivation. We find strong evidence of causal relationship between historical rice cultivation and institutions ‘math quality’, even after addressing potential endogeneity concerns and micronumerosity issues. Our findings suggest a novel perspective over conventional determinants of educational quality and evidence of a new potential long-term effect of rice cultivation.
    Keywords: Rice, Math performance, Instrumental variables, Education
    Date: 2023–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sad:ypaper:11&r=his
  4. By: Redigonda, Margherita
    Abstract: The absence of a recognized definition of complexity makes very difficult to study it. This paper attempts to provide a definition of complexity following the insight expressed by Anderson in the 1972 article "More is Different" in an anti-reductionist perspective and recognizing the difference between the idea of complexity and the mathematical methods historically used for the study of complex systems. The definition provided allows for the recognition of complexity as a meta-theory rather than as a scientific theory, describing its characteristics. Next, the relationship between complexity and economics is explored from a historical and methodological perspective, recognizing three different archetypes of the relationship (neo-empirical, post-neoclassical, meta-theoretical). Finally, what social norms hinder or would facilitate the adoption of complexity meta-theory in scientific practice are described.
    Date: 2023–12–10
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:hnvzx&r=his
  5. By: Weinstein, Rhona
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt75r0d790&r=his
  6. By: Gallagher, Catherine; Humphreys, Sheila; MacLachlan, Anne
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt38s6j3t5&r=his
  7. By: Brown, Clair
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, UC Berkeley, women faculty, Claire Brown, English Department
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt86p3758q&r=his
  8. By: Ilya B. Voskoboynikov (National Research University Higher School of Economics)
    Abstract: How was life in the Soviet Union in the interwar period? The two interwar decades fall into the years of relative prosperity of the mid-1920s; the years of tumult and disaster (1929 – 1938) with the famines of 1932-22, mass exiles, and repressions; and the initial years of the Second World War. These decades fall into the middle of a demographic transition and the formation of internal administrative borders between the Union republics. Despite some ongoing debates on data quality, there is a general understanding, that per capita GNP growth was outstanding in the mid-1920s and in the second half of the 1930s. The literature is divided, however, on the conversion of this growth into improved living standards. A number of studies have postulated that after 1928 real consumption never achieved this level. Recent revisions show that the second half of the 1930s was relatively prosperous, so that the living standards of the urban population improved. An alternative approach is looking at biological indicators, such as life expectancy at birth, child mortality, and child and adult stature as they do not have the biases peculiar to economic indices. In the case of the Soviet Union, they are of special interest because of the non-uniform quality of official statistics and, specifically, the fact, that non-market prices did not reflect product scarcity. In terms of life expectancy, child mortality, and stature, the second half of the 1930s was accompanied by growing living standards and remarkable progress was achieved in public education and healthcare. However, the mass terror of 1937 38 with one million excess deaths was also part of the “high living standards” of the late 1930s. The conventional view on living standards mostly considers the Soviet Union as a whole, neglecting differences across the Union republics. This chapter attempts to also highlight what the literature says about differences across the Union republics
    Keywords: living standards, USSR, interwar period, life expectancy, population
    JEL: N34 N35 O14 O18 P24 P36
    Date: 2023
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:264/ec/2023&r=his
  9. By: Tom, Dara
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Education
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt4tj4t7c8&r=his
  10. By: Gallagher, Catherine
    Abstract: This is the framing narrative of the 150w History Project; it defines and explores watershed moments in four sections. Section One :1870s through the Turn of the 19 th Century. Chapter 1 covers the admission of women when the newly opened university was still defining its identity. Chapter 2 describes the 1890s, when students, alumnae, and donors banded together to create a separate system of women’s campus organizations. Chapter 3 narrates UC women’s participation in the 1911 California women’ suffrage campaign and explains its national importance. Section Two: WWI through the 1920s. Chapter 4 is on the impact of WWI in changing gender relations and expectations among the undergraduates; Chapters 5 and 6 describe the arrival of the first cohort of women faculty and their struggle for professional recognition on campus. Section Three: WWII through the 1950s. These chapters describe WWII as the central cause of a rapid increase in women’s academic and leadership opportunities, followed by a sharp drop and lingering postwar decline. Chapter 7 explores the new careers and occupations that war mobilization opened to UC women. Chapter 8 examines the crucial war-time work of the leaders of the all-female student government as well as the exile of Japanese American students and recent graduates to internment camps. Chapters 9 and 10 explain the shrinkage of women’s presence on campus, and their difficulty finding suitable employment once they graduated. The university was also reluctant to hire its own women PhDs, so many were underemployed. Chapter 11 turns to Berkeley’s student movements of the 1960s, which were intertwined with both sexual liberation and civil rights struggles. They prepared the way for the movement led by academic women in the early seventies for nondiscriminatory employment opportunities, which is explored in Chapter 12.
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt3cm210vt&r=his
  11. By: Forshaw, Rachel; Kharadi, Natalya; McLaughlin, Eoin
    Abstract: Air pollution is a global public health threat, responsible for more deaths annually than conventional lifestyle risk factors. While the link between particulate pollution and cardiovascular disease is well-established, evidence for gaseous pollutants remains limited. This study estimates the long-term population effects of a gaseous pollutant - SO2 - from 1901 to 1975 in a panel comprising 29 countries distributed globally, contributing to the under-explored literature on its cardiovascular disease mortality impact. Across a comprehensive range of empirical specifications, we observe a robust economically and statistically significant rise in cardiovascular disease mortality for an increase in SO2 emissions. We also contribute to the literature on economic growth and long-term health outcomes. Our historical perspective aligns with the call for more research on the effects of air pollution in developing nations. We highlight a complex trade-off: greater SO2 emissions increases cardiovascular disease mortality but leads to short-term regional cooling and reduced global warming and as such its abatement may contribute to future climate-related deaths.
    Keywords: Air pollution, Cardiovascular disease mortality, Economic growth, Environmental Kuznets Curve, Global public health, SO2 emissions
    JEL: I15 N30 N50 Q53 Q54 Q56
    Date: 2023
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:hwuaef:280754&r=his
  12. By: Matisoff, Susan
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt68d3041b&r=his
  13. By: P. Ballester (GSF - TTS - Grand Sud - Toulouse Tourism School, VFT-RLC - Visa For Tourism - Research Lab. Creative, IEFT - Institut Européenne de Formation au Tourisme - School of Tourism & Hospitality, Euridis - Euridis Business School)
    Abstract: The study of tourist behavior allows us to take another look at the changes in port cities in the Mediterranean, such as Barcelona and Marseille. For two centuries, tourists have increasingly contributed to building the identity of port cities. But if tourist activities and tourists can make these seaside areas attractive, they also contribute to making fishing districts repulsive, such as the old Barceloneta – a historic district of the Catalan capital – which has become a gigantic open-air nightclub. It is legitimate to ask whether tourism is a factor of rediscovered or altered port identity. Our study is based on research in the archives of the city of Barcelona and its tourist service, as well as on a survey of tourism professionals working for the Catalan capital and the Marseille metropolis. If tourist capitals like Barcelona and Marseille are counting on the benefits of tourism in a period of economic crisis, the damage caused by mass tourism is pointed out by artists and neighborhood associations, revealing the difficult reconciliation between the desires of holidaymakers and daily life. of the inhabitants and challenging the actors of these cities who are often confronted with contradictory representations of these spaces.
    Abstract: L'étude des comportements touristiques permet de porter un autre regard sur les mutations des villes-ports en Méditerranée, comme à Barcelone et Marseille. Depuis deux siècles, les touristes contribuent d'une manière de plus en plus évidente à bâtir l'identité des villes portuaires. Mais si les activités touristiques et les touristes peuvent rendre attractifs ces bords de mer, ils contribuent aussi à rendre répulsifs des quartiers de pêcheurs comme l'ancienne Barceloneta – quartier historique de la capitale catalane – devenue une gigantesque boîte de nuit à ciel ouvert. Il est légitime de se demander si le tourisme est un facteur d'identité portuaire retrouvée ou altérée. Notre étude repose sur une recherche dans les archives de la ville de Barcelone et son service touristique, ainsi que sur une enquête auprès des professionnels du tourisme travaillant pour la capitale catalane et la métropole marseillaise. Si des capitales touristiques comme Barcelone et Marseille comptent sur les retombées du tourisme dans une période de crise économique, les dégâts du tourisme de masse sont pointés par des artistes et des associations de voisinage, révélant la difficile conciliation entre les désirs des vacanciers et le quotidien des habitants et mettant au défi les acteurs de ces villes bien souvent confrontés à des représentations contradictoires de ces espaces.
    Keywords: Barcelona, ​​Marseille, port, fishermen, tourism, economy, waterfront, town planning, inhabitant, crisis, overtourism, landscape, sea, museum, identity, heritage, Olympic Games, tourisme, économie, urbanisme, habitant, crise, surtourisme, paysage, mer, musée, identité, patrimoine, Jeux olympiques, Barcelone, Marseille, pêcheurs
    Date: 2022–10–06
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03834443&r=his
  14. By: Davis, Natalie Zemon
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt3kf7j8xz&r=his
  15. By: Conkey, Meg
    Abstract: Abstract: A short summary of the women faculty: Ruth Tringham, Margaret (Meg) Conkey, Rosemary Joyce, Christine Hastorf, Laurie Wilkie, Junko Habu, Sabrina Agarwal, Kim Shelton,
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Women in Archaeology
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt3wr5d5hs&r=his
  16. By: Bashor, Jon
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, UC Berkeley, Professor of Statistics, Woman in STEM
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt8r42x0w1&r=his
  17. By: Smart, Mary Ann
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Music, Department of Music
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt7267q684&r=his
  18. By: Swift, Eleanor
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Law
    Date: 2024–01–04
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt9sp7q8ph&r=his
  19. By: Chiswick, Barry R.
    Abstract: This paper is a review of the literature in economics up to the early 1980s on the issue of estimating the earnings return to schooling and labor market experience. It begins with a presentation of Adam Smith's (1776) analysis of wage determination, with the second of his five points on compensating wage differentials being "the easiness or cheapness, or the difficulty and expense" of acquiring skills. It then proceeds to the analysis by Walsh (1935) estimating the net present value of investments at various levels of educational attainment. Friedman and Kuznets (1945) also used the net present value method to study the earnings in five independent professional practices. Based on the net present value technique, Becker (1964) estimates internal rates of return from high school and college/university schooling, primarily for native-born white men, but also for other demographic groups. The first regression-based approach is the development of the schooling-earnings function by Becker and Chiswick (1966), which relates the logarithm of earnings, as a linear function of years invested in human capital, with the application to years of schooling. This was expanded by Mincer (1974) to the "human capital earnings function" (HCEF), which added years of post-school labor market experience. Attractive features of the HCEF are discussed. Extensions of the HCEF in the 1970s and early 1980s account for interrupted labor marker experience, geographic mobility, and self-employment and unpaid family workers.
    Keywords: Human Capital, Schooling Earnings Function, Human Capital Earnings Function, Schooling, Labor Market Experience, Women, Immigrants, Less Developed Countries, Self-Employed, Unpaid Workers
    JEL: I24 I26 J3 J46 J61 O15 B29
    Date: 2023
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1365&r=his
  20. By: Hinton, Leanne
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt8087h8xt&r=his
  21. By: Humphreys, Sheila
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, 150w, computer science, electrical engineering, women in computer science, berkeley, uc berkeley, cal, EECS, WiCSE
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt5dx369x7&r=his
  22. By: Tan, Mary
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Disabilities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt4bq2c6rz&r=his
  23. By: Christ, Carol
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt84v9k2sg&r=his
  24. By: Mason, Mary Ann
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt6gs568h6&r=his
  25. By: Martín Iñaki Loriente (Department of Economics, Universidad de San Andrés); Juan Cruz Diez (Department of Economics, Universidad de San Andrés)
    Abstract: In 1950, Harold W. Kuhn introduced a simplified version of poker referred to as Kuhn Poker and solved it using the notion of Nash Equilibrium. His pioneering work inspired subsequent scholars who applied similar methodologies to other poker versions. In contrast we adopt a different procedure by employing Harsanyi’s approach to reach a Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE), a concept that emerged two decades after Kuhn’s original solutions. While computational techniques have greatly advanced the analysis of various poker variations, achieving a PBE remains elusive. Some studies suffer from methodological flaws, as they overlook the importance of incorporating beliefs into their analysis. In our research, we also conducted a rationality study and found that relaxing the sophistication of a player leads to a shift in optimal strategies towards more exploitative ones.
    Keywords: Bayesian, Exploitative, GTO, KuhnPoker, PBE, Poker, Rationality
    Date: 2023–10
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sad:ypaper:10&r=his
  26. By: Long, Annabelle
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Disabilities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt54n1g7c3&r=his
  27. By: Michela Giorcelli
    Abstract: The Second World War II (WWII) was arguably one of the largest shocks to the U.S. economic and production system in history. Historians, business historians, and economists have largely discussed the stimulus that WWII had on U.S. technological advancements. However, its effect on U.S. ‘‘managerial technology’’ innovations has been largely ignored, except for very few qualitative works. In this paper, I argue that ‘‘managerial technology’’ played a key role in shaping U.S. WWII production and its capacity to defeat some of the most advanced economies in the world. The large-scale diffusion of innovative management practices to US firms involved in war production acted as a technology that put them on a higher growth path for decades. Moreover, it made U.S. managerial practices internationally distinctive and helped create the so-called “American Way” of business, which was exported to war-torn European and Japanese economies in the war aftermath.
    JEL: N0
    Date: 2023–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31980&r=his
  28. By: Pierre van der Eng
    Abstract: This paper examines the human toll of the 1944-1945 famine in Java, Indonesia’s main island. It estimates birth and death rates for the Indonesian population in Java during 1941-1951. Using the net population loss method, the paper approximates a net loss of 3.4 million people during the 1942-1945 Japanese occupation period, including 1.9 million excess deaths; 0.7 million during 1944 and 1.2 million during 1945. The residual 1.5 million were missing births in 1944 and 1945, associated with the malnutrition of women of childbearing ages and the physical separation of wives from husbands recruited by Japanese authorities for forced labour.
    Keywords: famine, malnutrition, Java, Indonesia, Japanese occupation
    Date: 2024–01
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:auu:hpaper:117&r=his
  29. By: Edleson, Jeffrey L.
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, 150w, Jessica Blache Peixotto, Social Welfare, UC Berkeley, Cal
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt7515v9ww&r=his
  30. By: Burnside, Beth
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt3tv5253n&r=his
  31. By: Christian Ochsner
    Abstract: Does a short episode of conflict or exposure to hostile troops cause regional economic backwardness, and if so, why and how does it persist? I answer these questions by exploiting economic differences across the idiosyncratic and short-lived line of contact between the Red Army and the Western Allies in South Austria at the end of WWII. Spatial regression discontinuity estimates show that hostile presence of the Red Army for 74 days caused an immediate relative population decline of around 12%, amplified to 25% by today. Age-specific migration patterns and subsequent fertility differences explain the multiplying effects. Sector development and measures of local labor productivity in 2011 also lag behind in regions briefly seized by the Red Army, likely driven by skill-specific migration and hampered investment patterns after WWII. The findings provide novel insights into the long-run effects of wars and conflicts, and point to the isolated role of the Red Army’s hostile actions after WWII to understand the European economic East-West divide.
    Keywords: Conflict, Hostility, Population shock, Regional development, Red Army
    JEL: D74 J13 N44 O14
    Date: 2023–11
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp768&r=his
  32. By: Roberts, Karlene
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt8br2r7wz&r=his
  33. By: Page-Medrich, Sharon
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, Gender, Berkeley, Equity, University of California, 150 Years of Women
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt5037v1n5&r=his
  34. By: Khalid Lahrour (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca (UH2C)); Latifa Horr (UH2C - Université Hassan II de Casablanca (UH2C))
    Abstract: The concept of inclusion is related to the means of integrating individuals and social groups into social, economic and cultural life by enabling them to participate fully. Economic thought for centuries has considered human well-being as what gives meaning to economic activity. The utilitarian moral theory of Bentham and John Stuart Mills asserts that the purpose of economic activity is to improve the quality of life for the maximum number of people. The inclusive approach includes different aspects, such as social, cultural, economic and financial inclusion. The objective of this paper is to explore the concept of financial inclusion as a form of improving individual well-being and integration into the economic and social activity of a country. To achieve this objective, the paper uses a theoretical approach that draws on the review of available literature on financial inclusion and the different theoretical approaches and perspectives associated with it from prior research and studies to support the arguments presented and to show the importance of financial inclusion in ensuring a more inclusive society.
    Abstract: Le concept d'inclusion est lié aux moyens d'intégrer les personnes et les groupes sociaux dans la vie sociale, économique et culturelle en leur permettant d'y participer pleinement. La pensée économique depuis des siècles considère que le bien-être humain est ce qui donne de la signification à l'activité économique. La théorie morale utilitariste de Bentham et John Stuart Mills affirme que l'objectif de l'activité économique est d'améliorer la qualité de vie pour un maximum de personnes. L'approche inclusive couvre divers aspects, tels que l'inclusion sociale, culturelle, économique et financière. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, il est crucial de tenir compte des besoins des individus et des groupes vulnérables et de développer des politiques publiques pour les satisfaire. L'objectif de cet article est d'explorer le concept d'inclusion financière en tant que forme d'amélioration du bien-être individuel et d'intégration dans l'activité économique et sociale d'un pays. Pour atteindre cet objectif, l'article utilise une approche théorique qui se base sur la revue de la littérature disponible sur l'inclusion financière et les différentes approches et perspectives théoriques qui y sont associées des recherches et des études préalables pour étayer les arguments présentés et pour montrer l'importance de l'inclusion financière pour garantir une société plus inclusive.
    Keywords: Inclusion, Financial inclusion, Financial exclusion, growth, well-being, Inclusion financière, Exclusion financière, croissance, bien-être
    Date: 2023–12–02
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04346087&r=his
  35. By: Kar, Sohini
    Abstract: While term life insurance has historically been sold to income-earning men to secure the financial futures of their families, in India there is a growing number of life insurance products targeting women, particularly unwaged housewives. In marketing these financial products to Indian women, I show how life insurance companies incorporate the feminist critique of devalued domestic labor. Drawing on analysis of insurance policies, marketing and promotional materials, as well as personal advice articles, it goes on to show how there is, something uncanny or unsettling about the way life insurance not only commodifies and financializes domestic labor, but also focuses on the reproductive bodies of women through health riders. The article situates contemporary discourses of life insurance for women within a longer history of women’s property and of mobilizing capital through rather than for women in India.
    Keywords: financialisation; insurance; gender; labour; capitalism; T&F deal
    JEL: J1 R14 J01
    Date: 2023–12–13
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:120591&r=his
  36. By: Um, Khatharya
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Diaspora, Asian Americans
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt9wx1h27h&r=his
  37. By: Swift, Eleanor
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt79h6k5x3&r=his
  38. By: Giacomo Gabbuti (Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa); Salvatore Morelli (CSEF, University of Naples and INET Oxford, University of Oxford)
    Abstract: Despite its relevance in 19th-century economics, wealth – its accumulation, composition, and distribution – has largely been neglected in Italian economic history. Filling this gap, we show that between the late 19th and mid-20th centuries, Italy presented a historically high value of total private wealth but had relatively small relevance in total bequests flows in proportion to national income. Then, we present novel estimates of wealth concentration between 1863 and 1914, combining national tabulations of inheritance tax records and microdata archives for Milan and Naples. During this period, wealth concentration in Italy was in line with the highest levels ever recorded since the late Middle Ages. Contrary to the evidence of declining income inequality in the period – traditionally considered the industrial ‘take-off’ phase of Italy – we find no clear signs of trends in wealth concentration or structural changes in wealth composition. This picture is confirmed and enriched by novel findings about wealth concentration at provincial and regional levels in the early 20th century. We show a great deal of heterogeneity beyond national aggregates but find no evidence of the classic North-South divide when looking at concentration. Likewise, we find no clear link between concentration levels and asset composition or economic development. Although contemporary inequality is much lower than early 20th-century figures, the ‘real’ wealth of present ‘millionaires’ seems much higher than that of historically rich individuals. Overall, the paper lays the basis for a very long-run view of wealth in Italy and reconsiders the impact of its industrialization at the end of the Liberal period.
    Keywords: inequality; inheritance; wealth; Liberal Italy; Southern Question.
    JEL: D31 D63 E21 H24 N33
    Date: 2023–11–27
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sef:csefwp:695&r=his
  39. By: Son, Daisy
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, Women, Berkeley, City planning, History, University of California, 150 Years of Women
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt58g4n8vt&r=his
  40. By: Xavier Timbeau (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)
    Date: 2023–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04338591&r=his
  41. By: Naranjo, Patrick; Tan, Mary
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Indigenous
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt6444p7n6&r=his
  42. By: Weinstein, Rhona S.; Ayduk, Ozlem; Johnson , Sher L.
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Psychology
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt6fm2w2tc&r=his
  43. By: Andersson, Jonatan (Department of Economic History, Uppsala University); Molinder, Jakob (Department of Economic History, Uppsala University)
    Abstract: The process of industrialization is typically associated with urbanization and a widening urban-rural skills gap. To what extent were these disparities driven by the direct impact on occupational attainment of living in an urban area or the result of the positive self-selection of more-skilled individuals into cities? In this paper, we leverage exceptional Swedish longitudinal data that allow us to estimate the impact of rural-urban migration on skill attainment during Sweden’s industrialization from the 1880s to the 1930s using a staggered treatment difference-in-difference estimator. We attribute roughly half of the gap in urban-rural skills to a direct impact of living in an urban area, whereas the other half is driven by self-selection into cities. A third of the direct impact of residing in cities is explained by a static effect, reflecting better initial matching, while the rest is the result of a dynamic effect as individuals upgrade their skills over time in urban areas. We conclude that cities had a substantial effect on skill development in Sweden around the turn of the nineteenth century that is likely to extend to other European and North American economies that were industrializing around the same time.
    Keywords: Rural-urban migration; skills; industrialization
    JEL: J62 N33 N34 R23
    Date: 2024–01–05
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:uuehwp:2024_012&r=his
  44. By: Goel, Ritika
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Political Science
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt4kb987w0&r=his
  45. By: Bennett, Robert J; Smith, Harry; Montebruno, Piero; Van Lieshout, Carry
    Abstract: New data on profit heterogeneity of small- and medium-sized firms for 1861–81 in England and Wales are used to reinterpret Marshall's contemporary insights. Profit level differences are chiefly explained by location, mainly urbanisation effects. But profitability (profit per worker) is mainly explained by sectors, at both 1-digit and 5-digit level. Sector market opportunities reflected barriers to market entry which limited substitutability for the services of the professions, some manufacturing and maker-dealing industries. Localisation mainly reflected urban/rural differences, accessibility to railways and to a lesser extent waterways. Differences in firm-level organisation (measured by portfolio diversification and partnerships) were less significant for explaining profit heterogeneity than sector or localisation. Demographic effects such as an entrepreneur's age had little significance. Marshall's insight of convergence to mean industry-sector profitability, with localisation as a secondary influence, is confirmed, but there remain unexplained elements of heterogeneity indicating important roles of entrepreneurial agency.
    JEL: L11 L22 L25 L29
    Date: 2022–01–19
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:113883&r=his
  46. By: White, Gia
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, Berkeley, women, African-American, pioneers, University of California, 150 Years of Women
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt7139n9hg&r=his
  47. By: Gilles Campagnolo (ISJPS - Institut des sciences juridique et philosophique de la Sorbonne - UMR 8103 - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)
    Abstract: La Chine peut-elle atteindre l'objectif indiqué par Xi Jinping dans le discours adressé au Congrès plénier du PCC d'octobre 2017, à savoir une puissance chinoise atteignant pour le centenaire de l'accession du PCC au pouvoir, en 2049, un socialisme modernisé et « la place active du peuple chinois à la tête des peuples du monde » (18/10/2017). Il s'agit d'avoir réussi, selon les termes utilisés, une accélération dans l'édification d'un pays fort dans les sciences et les technologies, dans les productions de haute qualité (à forte intensité capitalistique), dans l'espace (base permanente sur la Lune), sur Internet, dans les transports (programme des « Routes modernes de la soie », ou One Road, One Belt et New Silk Roads) et dans les industries productives globalement. Ce discours s'adressait à l'auditoire du pays, comme les discours du même dirigeant suprême à Davos en 2017 et 2021 étaient destinés à l'extérieur de la Chine. L'actualité met la Chine ces questions au premier plan. Elles demandent toutefois un examen qui aille très au-delà des questions d'actualité, ou plutôt en deçà, dans la considération de fondements profonds des politiques publiques et une perspective d'histoire (très) longue
    Keywords: Chine, histoire économique, philosophie économique
    Date: 2023
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04325494&r=his
  48. By: Mohamad Adhami; Mark Bils; Charles I. Jones; Peter J. Klenow
    Abstract: Economic growth is typically measured in per capita terms. But social welfare should arguably include the number of people as well as their standard of living. We decompose social welfare growth — measured in consumption-equivalent (CE) units — into contributions from rising population and rising per capita consumption. Because of diminishing marginal utility from consumption, population growth is scaled up by a value-of-life factor that exceeds one and empirically averages nearly 3 across countries since 1960. Population increases are therefore a major contributor, and CE welfare growth around the world averages more than 6% per year since 1960 as opposed to 2% per year for consumption growth. Countries such as Mexico and South Africa rise sharply in the growth rankings, whereas China, Germany, and Japan plummet. These results are robust to incorporating time use and fertility decisions using data from the U.S., Mexico, the Netherlands, Japan, South Africa, and South Korea. Falling parental utility from having fewer kids is roughly offset by increases in the “quality” of kids associated with rising time investment per child.
    JEL: E01 O47
    Date: 2023–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31999&r=his
  49. By: Tringham, Ruth
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2024–01–04
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt9zv4h451&r=his
  50. By: Jiang, Miranda
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, Japanese, Chinese, Student, Berkeley
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt5tx9z0k3&r=his
  51. By: Gibbs, Jewelle Taylor
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt6d87130q&r=his
  52. By: Fouquet, Roger
    Abstract: To better understand the processes of digitalisation, dematerialisation and decarbonisation, this paper examines the relationship between energy and information for the global economy since 1850. It presents the long run trends in energy intensity and communication intensity, as a proxy for total information intensity. The evidence suggests that, relative to GDP, global economic production has been reducing energy and increasing information use since 1913. The analysis indicates that it initially required little information to replace energy in production and that the ability to substitute away from energy and towards information has been declining. The result implies that the global economy is now reducing energy and increasing information at a substitution rate of 0.2 kB per kWh of conserved energy or 0.8 GB per tonne of carbon dioxide mitigated. As the price ratio of energy to information is currently higher than this marginal rate of substitution, there are incentives to further substitute information for energy. However, one conclusion is that (without the long run escalation of carbon prices) substitution away from energy and towards information is likely to cease within the next few decades and, beyond that, digitalisation will play a declining role in the decarbonisation process.
    Keywords: ES/R009708/1; EP/R035288/1
    JEL: J1
    Date: 2023–12–13
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:121063&r=his
  53. By: Serrano, Jacquelyn
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Ethnic Studies
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt7rb876jf&r=his
  54. By: Franck, Raphaël; Gay, Victor
    Abstract: This study argues that urbanization changed the relationship between the occupation of candidates running in parliamentary elections and their electoral success. To identify local-level variation in urbanization, we leverage exogenous changes to the boundaries of electoral constituencies in the 1928, 1932, and 1936 French parliamentary elections. The results suggest that urbanization was detrimental to the electoral success of lawyers but beneficial to that of employees and workers. This electoral effect of urbanization was especially felt on the left of the political spectrum, whereby left-wing employees and workers crowded out left-wing lawyers.
    Keywords: Elections, Political Representation, Urbanization
    JEL: D72 K16 N44 N94
    Date: 2024
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1366&r=his
  55. By: Clover, Carol
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt7zx0g4tt&r=his
  56. By: Shultz, Marjorie
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt9ft2b41m&r=his
  57. By: Soufiane Ghyati (ENCG Casablanca Beau site, B.P 2725 Ain Sebaâ, Casablanca -Maroc); Tarik Kasbaoui (ENCG –CasablancaBeau site, B.P 2725 Ain Sebaâ, Casablanca -Maroc)
    Abstract: This article explores various aspects of the systemic approach to control, examining its crucial role in organizational governance and its adaptation to complexity. The aim is to contribute to a deep and contextual understanding of this essential subsystem. The concept of internal control holds a prominent place in organizational governance, evolving to meet growing demands. This research investigates the conception of internal control according to the COSO 1994 framework, emphasizing the importance of its five fundamental components. Recognizing the significance of standards, our research underscores the need for a contextual approach to internal control, exploring the distinction between internal control and organizational control. By scrutinizing the evolution of control typologies, the study seeks to structure a historical perspective while emphasizing the importance of understanding control in a global context. This article serves as a theoretical framework for in-depth research on internal control, emphasizing the importance of clearly defining concepts. This article on internal control theory concludes that the term "control" has a complex semantic richness, with 57 connotations, underlining the complexity of the concept. It highlights the sensitivity of external partners to internal control systems, and underlines its strategic importance in managing external interactions.
    Abstract: Cet article explore divers aspects de l'approche systémique du contrôle, examinant son rôle crucial dans la gouvernance des organisations et son adaptation à leur complexité. L'objectif est de contribuer à une compréhension approfondie et contextuelle de ce sous-système essentiel. La notion de contrôle interne occupe une place prépondérante dans la gouvernance des organisations, évoluant pour répondre aux exigences croissantes. La présente recherche examine la conception du contrôle interne selon le référentiel COSO de 1994, soulignant l'importance des cinq composantes fondamentales. Reconnaissant l'importance de la norme, notre recherche souligne la nécessité d'une approche contextuelle du contrôle interne, explorant la distinction entre le contrôle interne et le contrôle de l'organisation. En scrutant l'évolution des typologies de contrôle, l'étude vise à structurer une vision historique tout en soulignant l'importance de comprendre le contrôle dans un contexte global. Cet article sert de cadre théorique pour une recherche approfondie sur le contrôle interne, soulignant l'importance de définir clairement les notions et concepts. Cet article sur la théorie du contrôle interne conclut que le terme "contrôle" a une richesse sémantique complexe, avec 57 connotations, soulignant la complexité du concept. Il met en évidence la sensibilité des partenaires externes aux dispositifs de contrôle interne et souligne son importance stratégique dans la gestion des interactions externes.
    Keywords: Systemic approach, Internal control, Control typologies, Organizational governance, Contextualization of control., Approche systémique, Contrôle interne, Typologies de contrôle, Gouvernance organisationnelle, Contextualisation du contrôle.
    Date: 2023–12
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04347146&r=his
  58. By: Klinman, Judith
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt843887vp&r=his
  59. By: Humphreys, Sheila
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, 150w, Astronomy, diversity, campbell hall, department of astronomy, cal astronomy, berkeley astronomy
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt6hq491z1&r=his
  60. By: Hollinger, David
    Keywords: Arts and Humanities, University of California, Berkeley, 150 Years of Women, Department of History
    Date: 2023–12–18
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:cshedu:qt75j9f4wq&r=his
General information on the NEP project can be found at https://nep.repec.org. For comments please write to the director of NEP, Marco Novarese at <director@nep.repec.org>. Put “NEP” in the subject, otherwise your mail may be rejected.
NEP’s infrastructure is sponsored by the School of Economics and Finance of Massey University in New Zealand.
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