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on Business, Economic and Financial History |
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Issue of 2008‒09‒20
seven papers chosen by |
| By: | Samuel Amaral |
| Abstract: | The emergence of Peronism meant a quantitative problem for all political parties, for the potential loss of electoral support. For the Argentine Communist Party (ACP), it was a theoretical problem as well – the working class, the subject of History for Marxists, was deviating from its historical mission. Moreover, as a member of the international Communist movement guided by the Soviet Union and because of the priority it was giving to the anti-Fascist struggle, the ACP found itself confronting “Nazi-Peronism” – a mass movement stemming from a Fascist-like military dictatorship. After Perón´s victory in the February 1946 presidential election, the ACP had to adjust its interpretation of Peronism in order to carry on its political activities aimed at attracting the elusive masses. This article reviews those interpretacions and accounts for the political dilemmas posed to the ACP by Peronism from its emergence in 1945 to Perón’s overthrow in 1955. |
| Date: | 2008–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cem:doctra:379&r=his |
| By: | Peter Mancall; Joshua Rosenbloom; Thomas J. Weiss |
| Abstract: | Economic historians of the eighteenth-century British mainland North American colonies have given considerable weight to the role of exports as a stimulus for economic growth. Yet their analyses have been handicapped by reliance on one or two time series to serve as indicators of broader changes rather than considering the export sector as a whole. Here we construct comprehensive export measures for the middle colonies. We find that aggregate exports did grow quickly but that this expansion failed to keep pace with population growth during much of the period under consideration. We argue this result challenges the export staples model on the role of foreign demand as a stimulus for economic growth. Instead, these results emphasize the impact of resource abundance and labor and capital scarcity as the defining characteristics of colonial economic growth. |
| JEL: | N11 N21 N7 N71 |
| Date: | 2008–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:14334&r=his |
| By: | Michael Cameron (University of Waikato); Kendon Bell (University of Waikato) |
| Abstract: | The dairy industry is an important contributor to the economy of the Waikato region of New Zealand. An understanding of the history and development of the dairy sector in the different districts of the Waikato region is important in terms of informing future policy. Unfortunately there are currently no consistent long-run spatially disaggregated data sets available for the districts of the Waikato region that extend any further back than 1990. In this paper, we present the current state of dairy farming data available for the territorial local authorities within the Waikato region, and briefly discuss a set of methods that will be employed to develop consistent long-run spatially disaggregated data series for (i) milk production; (ii) total number of productive dairy cattle; (iii) total number of dairy farms; and (iv) total effective hectares devoted to dairy production. |
| Keywords: | dairy; statistics; Waikato; New Zealand |
| JEL: | Q10 Q15 |
| Date: | 2008–09–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wai:econwp:08/13&r=his |
| By: | Stefano Spalletti (Università di Macerata) |
| Abstract: | <p align="justify">The manpower forecasting approach (MFA) was one of the first attempts in educational planning purposes. Manpower planners attempted: 1) to calculate the demand for manpower classified by occupation; 2) to convert this classification of demand by occupation into demand by educational attainment; 3) to devise plans and policies aimed at equating projected demands and probable supplies. The paper recalls the basic principles of the MFA from the perspective of the history of the economic thought and attempts to clarify why there was a virtual failure in MFA during the 1960s.</p> |
| Keywords: | manpower planning,economic development,labour market |
| JEL: | O1 O11 |
| Date: | 2008–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mcr:wpaper:wpaper18&r=his |
| By: | Vaihekoski, Mika (Turku School of Economics and Lappeenranta University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | This paper reviews the first thirty years of finance research and education in Finland, starting with publication of the first dissertation in finance in 1977. That was also the year when the first department of finance was established in Finland – among the first in the Nordic countries. This review shows how Finnish financial education and research developed from a humble beginning to a level that brought international acclaim. This can be largely attributed to a number of talented and hard-working individuals but also to the decision for collaboration among the Finnish universities, as a means to overcome some of the problems of a small country. |
| Keywords: | financial education; research; graduate school; Finland; history; professors; dissertation |
| JEL: | A23 B25 G00 |
| Date: | 2008–09–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:bofrdp:2008_018&r=his |
| By: | Luca Fiorito |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to provide an assessment of John R. Commons’ adoption of Wesley N. Hohfeld’s framework of jural opposites and correlatives in order to construct his transactional approach to the study of institutions. Hohfeld’s influence on Commons, it is argued, was both positive and negative. On the one hand, Commons, followed Hohfeld and recognized that such concepts as property and inheritance actually represent an aggregation of numerous types of legal relations. Hohfeld’s schema provided a powerful rhetorical and analytical tool whereby these highly abstracts conceptions could be reduced to a limited number of primary elements. Moreover, Hohfeld’s schema appeared to be consistent with Commons’ general methodological and psychological commitments. On the other hand, Commons’ forging of “transaction” as the elementary unit of economic analysis can be seen as an attempt to go beyond Hohfeld. Commons was in fact unsatisfied with Hohfeld’s bi-lateral treatment of jural relations and with his neglect of the role played by state officials in enforcing transactions and, in so doing, in promoting specific individual interests as collective public policies |
| JEL: | B15 B25 B52 K10 |
| Date: | 2008–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:536&r=his |
| By: | Mishra, SK |
| Abstract: | This essay portrays the major currents in recent economic thinking against the orthodoxy and dogmatism of neoclassical economics. It places behavioral economics, experimental economics, evolutionary economics, ecological economics, new institutional economics, agent-based computational economics and post-autistic economics vis-à-vis the classical and the neoclassical economics. It concludes that we may expect a synthesis of all these strands of economic thinking in the near future that will replace neoclassical economics from the citadel of mainstream. Teaching of these strands of new economics has already begun in many universities, although in an un-integrated manner. However, until the neoclassical microeconomics and macroeconomics are replaced by their alternatives and necessary as well as convincing tools of economic analysis are developed, neoclassicism would not give way to modern economics. |
| Keywords: | Behavioral; experimental; evolutionary; ecological; new institutional; agent-based computational; post-autistic; classical; neoclassical; economics; bounded rationality; heterodox; individualism; pluralism |
| JEL: | B20 B29 B25 B15 |
| Date: | 2008–09–17 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:10534&r=his |