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on Health Economics |
| By: | Richard A Iles |
| Keywords: | Consumer demand, revealed performance, stated choice, healthcare, India, data enrichment |
| JEL: | C51 D12 I15 |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gri:epaper:economics:201306&r=hea |
| By: | Granlund, David (Department of Economics, Umeå School of Business and Economics, Umeå University); Wikström, Magnus (Department of Economics, Umeå School of Business and Economics, Umeå University) |
| Abstract: | We study how the optimal public provision of health care depends on whether or not individuals have an option to seek publicly financed treatment in other regions. We find that, relative to the first-best solution, the government has an incentive to over-provide health care to low-income individuals. When cross-border health care takes place, this incentive is solely explained by that over-provision facilitates redistribution. The reason why more health care facilitates redistribution is that high-ability individuals mimicking low-ability individuals benefit the least from health care when health and labor supply are complements. Without cross-border health care, higher demand for health care among high-income individuals also contributes to the over-provision given that high-income individuals do not work considerably less than low-income individuals and that the government cannot discriminate between the income groups by giving them different access to health care. |
| Keywords: | Health expenditure; Income redistribution; Patient mobility; Public Provision; Waiting time |
| JEL: | H42 H51 I11 I18 |
| Date: | 2013–10–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:umnees:0867&r=hea |
| By: | Fernández-Val, Iván (Boston University); Savchenko, Yevgeniya (Georgetown University); Vella, Francis (Georgetown University) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of income on an individual's subjective self-assessment of own health. We employ recently developed methods in the non linear panel data literature to account for the endogeneity of income and the presence of individual heterogeneity. We examine a panel data set of individuals living in Australia and find no statistically significant relationship between income and health responses. Moreover, the evidence suggests that the variation in the individual specific effects, comprising both observed and unobserved time invariant factors, is primarily responsible for the variation across individuals' responses. |
| Keywords: | non linear panel data models, subjective health assessments, fixed effects |
| JEL: | I12 C33 C35 |
| Date: | 2013–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp7651&r=hea |
| By: | Andree Ehlert (Leuphana University of Lueneburg, Germany); Dirk Oberschachtsiek (Leuphana University of Lueneburg, Germany); Stefan Prawda (Leuphana University of Lueneburg, Germany) |
| Abstract: | The major German health care reforms undertaken since the late 1990s resulted in the adoption of selective contracting mechanisms in a formerly sectorally separated health care system. These reforms marked the launch of managed care in Germany that is expected to yield both a higher quality of care and cost containment. We investigate if managed care had an in fluence on the structure of health care expenditure in Germany during the start-up phase of managed care from 2004 to 2008. We focus on pharmaceutical spending by statutory sickness funds (i.e. German law- enforced health insurance). We followed a macroeconomic evaluation approach based on a regional panel data set in contrast to previous research and were thus able to control for a comprehensive set of regional and demographic variables. We discuss alternative model specifications and include a range of sensitivity analyses. Our results suggest that in contrast to public perception the share of managed care contracts has a positive impact on pharmaceutical spending. |
| Keywords: | Managed care, Health care expenditure, Pharmaceutical expenditur, Panel data, German health care reform |
| JEL: | I11 I18 L14 O52 |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lue:wpaper:284&r=hea |
| By: | Tindara Addabbo; Elena Sarti; Dario Sciulli |
| Abstract: | This paper will focus on the living conditions of disabled people with different degree of limitations as regards to daily activities. In a first step of analysis we focus on the predictors of four specific domains of life satisfaction. In a second step, we attempt to define the different well-being dimensions of disabled people by using the indicators available in the 2011 ISTAT Survey on social inclusion of people with disabilities and by comparing the well-being attainments with respect to the different levels of functional limitations. Given the relevance of social interaction in the life satisfaction of individuals, we focus on this dimension of well-being by analysing the effect of functional limitations on its development, measured by using the observable indicators on the satisfaction of interaction with friends and relatives, the extent of this interaction, and frequency and satisfaction on internet use. |
| Keywords: | disability, well-being, life satisfaction, social interaction |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mod:cappmo:0107&r=hea |
| By: | Tindara Addabbo; Jaya Krishnakumar; Elena Sarti |
| Abstract: | This paper is an empirical study on the work opportunities of people with disability using Italian data collected through a survey carried out by ISTAT in 2004. Our analysis is guided by the conceptual framework of the capability approach and investigates the role of conversion factors in the ability to be employed and the type of employment. We first use a simple probit for labour force participation and then a sequential logit for the outcomes of participation as well as employment status. In all variants we and that chronic illness is a stronger deterrent for labour force participation than disability.Women are more discouraged by disability compared to men. Among the various types of disabilities, `intellectual' disability is the strongest barrier as can be expected and hearing the least influential. In a sequential decision-making process, we and that disability affects both labour force participation decision and the ability to be employed but not so much the choice between part-time and full-time |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mod:cappmo:0109&r=hea |
| By: | Allison Hedley Dodd; Rosalie Malsberger |
| Keywords: | long-term services and supports (LTSS) , home- and community-based services; (HCBS); Medicare-Medicaid enrollee, Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX), Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) from 2007–2008 |
| JEL: | I |
| Date: | 2013–09–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:7919&r=hea |
| By: | Katherine Baicker; Amy Finkelstein; Jae Song; Sarah Taubman |
| Abstract: | In 2008, a group of uninsured low-income adults in Oregon was selected by lottery for the chance to apply for Medicaid. We use this randomized design and 2009 administrative data to evaluate the effect of Medicaid on labor market outcomes and participation in other social safety net programs. We find no significant effect of Medicaid on labor force participation or earnings: our 95 percent confidence intervals allow us to reject that Medicaid causes a decline in labor force participation of more than 4.4 percentage points, or an increase of more than 1.2 percentage points. We find that Medicaid increases receipt of food stamps, but has little, if any, impact on receipt of other government benefits, including SSDI. |
| JEL: | H51 H53 I13 J20 |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:19547&r=hea |
| By: | Daniel L. Millimet; Rusty Tchernis |
| Abstract: | Rates of childhood obesity have increased dramatically in the last few decades. Non-causal evidence suggests that childhood obesity is highly persistent over the life cycle. However little in known about the origins of this persistence. In this paper we attempt to answer three questions. First, how do anthropometric measures evolve from birth through primary school? Second, what is the causal effect of past anthropometric outcomes on future anthropometric outcomes? In other words, how important is state dependence in the evolution of anthropometric measures during the early part of the life cycle. Third, how important are time-varying and time invariant factors in the dynamics of childhood anthropometric measures? We find that anthropometric measures are highly persistent from infancy through primary school. Moreover, most of this persistence is driven by unobserved, time invariant factors that are determined prior to birth, consistent with the so-called fetal origins hypothesis. As such, policy interventions designed to improve child anthropometric status will only have meaningful, long-run effects if these time invariant factors are altered. Unfortunately, future research is needed to identify such factors, although evidence suggests that maternal nutrition may play an important role. |
| JEL: | C23 I12 I18 |
| Date: | 2013–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:19554&r=hea |
| By: | Mia Amalia; Budy P. Resosudarmo; Jeff Bennett |
| Abstract: | Since the early 1990s, the air pollution level in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) has arguably been one of the highest among mega cities in developing countries. This paper utilises the self-reporting data on illnesses available in the 2004 National Socio-Economic Household Survey (Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional, or SUSENAS) to test the hypothesis that air pollution impacts human health, particularly among children, in JMA. Test results confirm that air pollution, represented by the PM10 level in a sub-district, does significantly correlate with the level of human health problems, represented by the number of restricted activity days (RAD) in the previous month. The results also show that a given level of PM10 concentration is more hazardous for children. |
| Keywords: | Air pollution, environmental economics, health economics and exposure response model |
| JEL: | Q53 Q51 I18 |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pas:papers:2013-09&r=hea |
| By: | Emilia Del Bono (ISER, University of Essex, IZA); Klaus Grünberger (University of Rome "Tor Vergata"); Daniela Vuri (University of Rome "Tor Vergata") |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the impact of the public smoking ban which came into effect in Italy on January 2005 on individual smoking behaviour. Current empirical evidence supports the existence of a negative effect of the Italian ban on smoking prevalence and consumption in the general population. This is in contrast to what has been found in some other European countries. Our analysis shows that the apparent success of the Italian smoking ban is due to the fact that existing results do not take into account seasonal differences in smoking behaviour. Using quarterly data from the 1999/2000 and 2004/2005 Italian Health Surveys and adopting a difference-in-difference approach that nets out monthly variation in smoking rates, we show that the Italian smoking ban had no impact on individual smoking behaviour for the population as a whole, and only small effects on some groups of individuals. |
| Keywords: | Smoking, cigarette consumption, public smoking ban, treatment effects. |
| JEL: | I12 I18 K32 C31 |
| Date: | 2013–10–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rtv:ceisrp:295&r=hea |
| By: | Jonas Minet Kinge; Tom Kornstad (Statistics Norway) |
| Abstract: | The wellbeing of children of immigrant mothers is of great concern worldwide. In this study, we investigate the relationship between infant mortality and maternal country of origin and whether or not this relationship varies with the number of years since maternal migration. We use an extensive dataset consisting of all births in Norway from 1992 to 2010 augmented by source country and other maternal characteristics. By measuring the source country infant mortality rate at the time the mother came to Norway, we are able to account for circumstances in the country the mother left behind. There are two main findings. Firstly, maternal source country characteristics are significantly associated with the infant mortality rate in Norway. Those with a maternal background from countries with a high infant mortality rate (e.g. countries in Africa and Asia) have a persistently higher infant mortality rate than those from countries with a low infant mortality rate (e.g. countries in Europe). Secondly, an assimilation process takes place, since the effect of maternal source country characteristics declines with the number of years since maternal migration. Hence, those with a nonnative maternal background have a higher infant mortality rate upon arrival, but the gap is eliminated after 20 years in Norway. The results cannot be explained by observable characteristics such as maternal age at birth, area of residence, maternal education or marital status. |
| Keywords: | Infant mortality; Immigration; Assimilation |
| JEL: | J15 J13 J18 I10 |
| Date: | 2013–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssb:dispap:741&r=hea |