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on Economic Growth |
| By: | Adrien Montalbo (PSE - Paris School of Economics, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Keywords: | primary instruction,economic development,nineteenth-century France |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02482643&r=all |
| By: | Isaac Ehrlich; Yun Pei |
| Abstract: | Unlike physical capital, human capital has both embodied and disembodied dimensions. It can be perceived of as skill and acquired knowledge, but also as knowledge spillover effects between overlapping generations and across different skill groups within and across countries. We illustrate the roles these characteristics play in the process of economic development; the relation between income growth and income and fertility distributions; and the relevance of human capital in determining the skill distribution of immigrants in a balanced-growth global equilibrium setting. In all three illustrations, knowledge spillover effects play a key role. The analysis offers new insights for understanding the decline in fertility below population replacement rate in many developed countries; the evolution of income and fertility distributions across developing and developed countries; and the often asymmetric effects that endogenous immigration flows and their skill composition exert on the long-term net benefits from immigration to natives in source and destination countries. |
| JEL: | F22 F43 J11 J24 O15 |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26810&r=all |
| By: | Litina, Anastasia; Varvarigos, Dimitrios |
| Abstract: | We study the relation between conjugal family ties and corruption, as well as the important role of this relation for the cultural transmission of preferences regarding the strength of family ties. We show that the impact of family ties on the level of corruption, which can be either positive or negative, feeds back into the very process through which preferences for family ties are diffused from the older to the younger generations. As a result, the relation between family ties and corruption sets in motion mechanisms that govern the dynamics of cultural transmission. These dynamics determine long-term outcomes in terms of the population’s cultural homogeneity or diversity with regard to their attitudes towards family ties. |
| Keywords: | Corruption; Cultural transmission; Family ties |
| JEL: | A13 D73 Z13 |
| Date: | 2020–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:98885&r=all |
| By: | Bloom, David E. (Harvard University); Khoury, Alexander (Harvard School of Public Health); Kufenko, Vadim (University of Hohenheim); Prettner, Klaus (University of Hohenheim) |
| Abstract: | Education, general health, and reproductive health are key indicators of human development. Investments in these domains can also promote economic growth. This paper argues for the importance of human development related investments based on i) a theoretical economic growth model with poverty traps, ii) a literature review of evidence that different human development related investments can promote growth, and iii) own empirical analyses that aim at estimating the relative contribution of different human development indicators to economic growth across heterogeneous growth regimes. Our results suggest the following associations: (i) a one-child decrease in the total fertility rate corresponds to a 2 percentage point (pp) increase in annual per capita GDP growth in the short run (5 years) and 0.5 pp higher annual growth in the mid to long run (35 years), (ii) a 10% increase in life expectancy at birth corresponds to a 1 pp increase in annual GDP per capita growth in the short run and 0.4 pp higher growth in the mid to long run, and (iii) a one-year increase in average educational attainment corresponds to a 0.7 pp increase in annual growth in the short run and 0.3 pp higher growth in the mid to long run. By contrast, infrastructure proxies are not significantly associated with subsequent growth in any of the models estimated. |
| Keywords: | human development, economic development |
| JEL: | I15 I25 J11 O15 O20 |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12964&r=all |
| By: | Santiago Caballero, Carlos; Prados de la Escosura, Leandro; Álvarez Nogal, Carlos |
| Abstract: | Research in economic history has lately challenged the Malthusian depiction of preindustrial European economies, highlighting 'efflorescences', 'Smithian' and 'growth recurring' episodes. Do these defining concepts apply to preindustrial Spain? On the basis of new yearly estimates of output and population for nearly 600 years we show that preindustrial Spain was far from stagnant and phases of per capita growth and shrinkage alternated. Population and output per head evolved along supporting the hypothesis of a frontier economy. After a long phase of sustained and egalitarian growth, a collapse in the 1570s opened a new era of sluggish growth and high inequality. The unintended consequences of imperial ambitions in Europe on economic activity, rather than Malthusian forces, help to explain it |
| Keywords: | Growth Recurring; Malthusian; Black Death; Frontier Economy; Preindustrial Spain |
| JEL: | O47 O10 N13 E10 |
| Date: | 2020–03–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cte:whrepe:29872&r=all |
| By: | Yang, Wenju; Long, Ruiyun |
| Abstract: | The inter-provincial economic gap in China is obvious and tends to expand, although it is still unclear why this occurs. This paper combines DEA-based green economic growth accounting, growth convergence test and distribution dynamic analysis to show that China's inter-provincial labor productivity demonstrated significant growth convergence between 1997 and 2016, while it was significantly promoted by capital deepening and obviously inhibited by technological progress and human capital accumulation, and the effect of technological efficiency change remained unclear. In addition, the gap of labor productivity level in China's provinces widened significantly, which can be largely attributed to the combined effects of technological progress and capital deepening. The economic growth accounting analysis ignoring Energy and environmental factors tends to overestimate the relative contribution of factor accumulation and underestimate that of TFP changes, while ignoring human capital will lead to opposite biased results, but both of which do not change the qualitative conclusions mentioned above. |
| Keywords: | counterfactual analysis,distribution dynamic analysis,green economic growth accounting,multimodal test,non-parametric test |
| JEL: | O18 O47 R11 |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ifwedp:20203&r=all |
| By: | Leandro Prados de la Escosura (Universidad Carlos III and CEPR); Carlos Álvarez-Nogal (Universidad Carlos III); Carlos Santiago-Caballero (Universidad Carlos III) |
| Abstract: | Research in economic history has lately challenged the Malthusian depiction of preindustrial European economies, highlighting ‘efflorescences’, ‘Smithian’ and ‘growth recurring’ episodes. Do these defining concepts apply to preindustrial Spain? On the basis of new yearly estimates of output and population for nearly 600 years we show that preindustrial Spain was far from stagnant and phases of per capita growth and shrinkage alternated. Population and output per head evolved along supporting the hypothesis of a frontier economy. After a long phase of sustained and egalitarian growth, a collapse in the 1570s opened a new era of sluggish growth and high inequality. The unintended consequences of imperial ambitions in Europe on economic activity, rather than Malthusian forces, help to explain it. |
| Keywords: | Preindustrial Spain, Frontier economy, Black Death, Malthusian, Growth recurring |
| JEL: | E10 N13 O10 O47 |
| Date: | 2020–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hes:wpaper:0177&r=all |
| By: | Leonid Azarnert |
| Abstract: | This article analyzes the effect of public policy intervention in the production of health capital on fertility, private investment in children's health and education and human capital accumulation. I have used a growth model with endogenous fertility, in which the usual parental trade-off between the quantity and quality of their children is augmented with an additional factor that affects childrenÕs human capital, which is health. I analyze the overall society-wide effect of public policy intervention and derive a condition that determines precisely whether public provision of free health services increases or decreases the average level of human capital in the society. |
| Keywords: | fertility, health capital, human capital, growth |
| JEL: | D30 I12 J10 J13 J24 O10 O40 |
| Date: | 2020–02–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eus:wpaper:ec2020_02&r=all |