|
on Economic Geography |
|
Issue of 2024‒09‒09
four papers chosen by Andreas Koch, Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung |
| By: | Leonardo Mazzoni; Massimo Riccaboni; Erik Stam; ; |
| Abstract: | The quality of entrepreneurial ecosystems not only enables local startups, but also affects the attraction and supply of non-local founders. We conceptualize entrepreneurial ecosystems as open systems with inflows and outflows of entrepreneurial talent. Beyond individual agency, these talent flows are driven by the quality of the origin and destination entrepreneurial ecosystems. We use network analysis and gravity models to study the interregional flows of founders of non-local startups within Italy, and find empirical evidence for creation, attraction and supply mechanisms of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Entrepreneurial ecosystems provide a supportive environment for the creation of local startups, but also attract non-local (potential) founders. In addition, we reveal an escalator mechanism: (prospective) entrepreneurs tend to move from good to better entrepreneurial ecosystems. |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurial ecosystems; innovative startups; talent flows; non-local founders; complex systems; gravity models |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:2426 |
| By: | Steve Gibbons; Stephan Heblich; Edward W. Pinchbeck |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the reversibility of the effects of transport infrastructure investments, based on a programme that removed much of the rail network in Britain during the mid-20th Century. We find that a 10% loss in rail access between 1950 and 1980 caused a persistent 3% decline in local population relative to unaffected areas, implying that the 1 in 5 places most exposed to the cuts saw 24 percentage points less population growth than the 1 in 5 places that were least exposed. The cuts reduced local jobs and shares of skilled workers and young people. |
| JEL: | H5 N74 R1 R40 |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:32800 |
| By: | Jonghyun Kim (Inha University); Donghyeon Yu (Inha University); Dongwoo Seo (Inha University); Hyoji Choi (Inha University); Bogang Jun (Inha University) |
| Abstract: | This study introduces a metric designed to measure urban structures through the economic complexity lens, building on the foundational theories of urban spatial structure, the Central Place Theory (CPT) (Christaller, 1933). Despite the significant contribution in the field of urban studies and geography, CPT has limited in suggesting an index that captures its key ideas. By analyzing various urban big data of Seoul, we demonstrate that PCI and ECI effectively identify the key ideas of CPT, capturing the spatial structure of a city that associated with the distribution of economic activities, infrastructure, and market orientation in line with the CPT. These metrics for urban centrality offer a modern approach to understanding the Central Place Theory and tool for urban planning and regional economic strategies without privacy issues. |
| Keywords: | Complexity, Central Place Theory, Market Boundary |
| JEL: | O18 R12 R30 |
| Date: | 2024–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inh:wpaper:2024-5 |
| By: | Jiang , Yi (Asian Development Bank); Laranjo , Jade (Asian Development Bank) |
| Abstract: | We delineate metropolitan areas (MAs) in the Philippines using cellphone user flow data to proxy for daily commutes. The exercise identifies a number of large MAs that are not officially recognized, and different spatial extents for the three officially designated MAs. The urban system aligns more closely with Zipf’s Law when the delineated MAs are considered. MAs with a population exceeding 1 million have grown faster than officially defined urban areas as well as the country as a whole. The mobility restrictions adopted during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had profound impacts on the MAs. MAs experienced fragmentation and contraction when mobility was severely restricted in the first few weeks of the outbreak. As restrictions eased, many MAs swiftly rebounded in size with previously separated municipalities reintegrating into the agglomeration. Regression analysis highlights that proximity, administrative boundaries, accessibility, and labor market complementarity between the core and peripheral municipalities are important factors driving MA formation. |
| Keywords: | metropolitan areas; COVID-19; urban resilience; labor market |
| JEL: | I18 O18 R12 R58 |
| Date: | 2024–08–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbewp:0736 |