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on Economic Geography |
| By: | Alex Hollingworth; Taylor Jaworski; Carl Kitchens; Ivan Rudik |
| Abstract: | We develop a spatial equilibrium model to evaluate the efficiency and distributional impacts of the leading air quality regulation in the United States: the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). We link our economic model to an integrated assessment model for air pollutants which allows us to capture endogenous changes in emissions, amenities, labor, and production. Our results show that the NAAQS generate over $23 billion of annual welfare gains. This is roughly 80 percent of welfare gains of the second-best NAAQS design, but only 25 percent of the first-best emission pricing policy. The NAAQS benefits are concentrated in a small set of cities, impose substantial costs on manufacturing workers, improve amenities in counties in compliance with the NAAQS, and reduce emissions in compliance counties through general equilibrium channels. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for geographic reallocation and equilibrium responses when quantifying the effects of environmental regulation. |
| Keywords: | Clean Air Act, environmental quality, economic geography |
| JEL: | F18 Q52 Q53 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_9644&r= |
| By: | Wilson, Riley (Brigham Young University) |
| Abstract: | I document a new empirical pattern of internal mobility in the United States. Namely, county-to-county migration and commuting drop off discretely at state borders. People are three times as likely to move to a county 15 miles away, but in the same state, than to move to an equally distant county in a different state. These gaps remain even among neighboring counties or counties in the same commuting zone. Standard economic explanations, which emphasize differences in utility or moving costs, have little explanatory power. Cross-border differences in observables, amenities, state occupational licensing, taxes, or transfer program generosity do not explain this border effect. However, county-to-county social connectedness (as measured by the number of Facebook linkages) follows a similar pattern, and there is suggestive evidence that this is driven by a so-called "home state bias," rather than alternative explanations such as information frictions or network ties. I show that this reluctance to cross state lines has real economic costs, resulting in local labor markets that are less dynamic after negative economic shocks. |
| Keywords: | internal migration, commuting, social networks, border discontinuities |
| JEL: | J6 R1 |
| Date: | 2022–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp15193&r= |
| By: | Brausewetter, Lars; Thomsen, Stephan L.; Trunzer, Johannes |
| Abstract: | Over the last decade, German housing prices have increased unprecedentedly. Drawing on quality-adjusted housing price data at the district level, we document large and increasing regional disparities: Growth rates were higher in 1) the largest seven cities, 2) districts located in the south, and 3) districts with higher initial price levels. Indications of price bubbles are concentrated in the largest cities and in the purchasing market. Prices seem to be driven by the demand side: Increasing population density, higher shares of academically educated employees and increasing purchasing power explain our findings, while supply remained relatively constrained in the short term. |
| Keywords: | Germany,housing market,regional disparities,rental prices |
| JEL: | R23 R31 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iwhdps:132022&r= |
| By: | Nada Endrissat (Bern University of Applied Sciences, Business School); Aurélie Leclercq Vandelannoitte (LEM - Lille économie management - UMR 9221 - UA - Université d'Artois - UCL - Université catholique de Lille - Université de Lille - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Mobile and network technologies enable new ways of working (NWW) that disrupt spatial relations and move work to spaces outside formal organizational boundaries. This article addresses this shift by examining how everyday practices of technology and space come together in the constitution of coworking spaces (CWS) as pronounced example of where NWW take place. Conceptually, the article links research on technology as sociomaterial practice with literature on the production of space. Empirically, it draws from a qualitative study of 25 CWS and offers a theorization of the co-constitutive processes with relevant insights for both technology and organization studies. First, the article adds to research on the relational and dialectic nature of technology by documenting its implication in the constitution of CWS as site, contestation, and atmosphere. Second, it contributes to existing knowledge on space by shifting the focus from physical sites to spatial atmospheres and vibes that are produced through technology use and the co-presence of bodies. It problematizes engagement with NWW by highlighting how the flexibility to work anytime, anywhere is tied to new responsibilities including spacing work (the creation of productive and social spaces of work) and spatial selfmanagement, which requires workers to aptly navigate different sites and vibes in their quest to achieve personal productivity and affective sociality. |
| Keywords: | selfmanagement,coworking space,atmosphere,space,technology,new ways of working |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03332209&r= |
| By: | Cun, W.; Pesaran, M. H. |
| Abstract: | This paper develops and solves a spatiotemporal equilibrium model in which regional wages and house prices are jointly determined with location-to-location migration flows. The agent’s optimal location choice and the resultant migration process are shown to be Markovian, with the transition probabilities across all location pairs given as non-linear functions of wage and housing cost differentials, endogenously responding to migration flows. The model can be used for the analysis of spatial distribution of population, income, and house prices, as well as for spatiotemporal impulse response analysis. The model is estimated on a panel of 48 mainland U.S. states and the District of Columbia using the training sample (1976-1999), and shown to fit the data well over the evaluation sample (2000-2014). The estimated model is then used to analyze the size and speed of spatial spill-over effects by computing spatiotemporal impulse responses of positive productivity and land-supply shocks to California, Texas, and Florida. Our simulation results show that states with a lower level of land-use regulation can benefit more from positive state-specific productivity shocks; and positive land-supply shocks are much more effective in states, such as California, that are subject to more stringent land-use regulations. |
| Keywords: | location choice, joint determination of migration fl‡ows and house prices, spatiotemporal impulse response analysis, land-use deregulation, population allocation, productivity and land supply shocks, California, Texas and Florida |
| JEL: | E00 R23 R31 |
| Date: | 2022–04–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cam:camdae:2225&r= |
| By: | F. SEMECURBE (Insee et ThèMA - Besançon); E. COUDIN (Insee et Crest) |
| Abstract: | Ce document vise une présentation simple à l’attention des statisticiens des outils géomatiques récents qui permettent de stocker, traiter et diffuser l’information spatiale. Les logiciels comme R ou Python intègrent désormais les caractéristiques géographiques rendant plus accessibles leur traitement. Pour autant, le foisonnement des technologies, les possibilités offertes par le web, les technologies web, sont autant d’obstacles à dépasser pour celles et ceux souhaitant réaliser des cartographies thématiques percutantes. Ce document propose une présentation unifiée des concepts géomatiques, avec des extraits de code en R, Python et PostGIS. Il se concentre sur les données vectorielles et décrit les traitements et manipulations classiques à connaître pour construire une statistique spatiale. Il aborde aussi les outils et les flux permettant une diffusion dynamique (cartes interactives) de l’information spatiale. Il discute enfin le rôle de la spatialisation dans la représentation des données statistiques. |
| Keywords: | géomatique, cartographie dynamique, cartographie thématique, statistiques spatiales, données spatiales, systèmes d’information géographique. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nse:doctra:m2022-01&r= |