|
on Economic Geography |
|
Issue of 2017‒09‒24
eight papers chosen by Andreas Koch Institut für Angewandte Wirtschaftsforschung |
| By: | Takita, Toshiaki |
| Abstract: | This paper establishes an economic theory of information value and volume that differs from Shannon’s mathematical theory of communication (Shannon, 1948). The economics of information should be recognized as an important frontier field of economics to explore the 4th industrial revolution including Internet of the things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI). However, we need to construct an fundamental way to analyse information flow and stock. Because of this, the value of information goods as a non-market or market good is measured as agents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for travel and telecommunication from the overall viewpoint of transportation and telecommunication economics. And we construct an economic model for analysing the information flow between head and branch offices. This firms’ total profit is maximized by optimally imputing the amount of time which employees devote to collecting and processing internal and external information. Here, factors of production are internal and external information flows and stock information. Finally we propose information inputoutput table explaining inter-regional information flow of the sample economic model. |
| Keywords: | value of information,information flow,willingness to pay,value of time,face-to-face communication,telecommunication information input–output table,head office,branch offices Firm behaviour,Spatial economic model |
| JEL: | D21 J29 L63 L96 R15 R41 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itsp17:168545&r=geo |
| By: | Coll Martínez, Eva |
| Abstract: | The aim of this paper is to infer the spatial extent of agglomeration economies for the creative service industries (SCI) in Barcelona and its relationship with firms’ performance. Using data from Mercantile Register (SABI) that provides micro-geographic data of firms between 2006 and 2015 I estimate the effect of intra-industry and inter-industry agglomeration in rings around location on productivity in Barcelona. Main results are that, (1) for CSI, at a micro-spatial level, localisation economies are not so relevant, although much work still remains to be done on this issue ; (2) while for Non-SCI having creative workers in the near proximity (250 metres) seems to enhance their productivity; and (3) for the symbolic - based CSI localisation economies – mainly understood as networking and knowledge externalities – have positive effects on TFP at shorter distances (less than 250 metres), while for the two other knowledge based CSI (i.e., synthetic and analytical) localisation economies seem not to be so relevant. These results strongly suggest the importance of networking or information spillovers in CIs, which are strongly concentrated in the largest cities. Keywords: creative industries, agglomeration economies, distance - based methods, micro-geographic data, Barcelona |
| Keywords: | Creativitat en els negocis -- Barcelona, 33 - Economia, |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:urv:wpaper:2072/292435&r=geo |
| By: | Pasquale Pavone; Margherita Russo |
| Abstract: | The wide literature exploring supply chains is polarized on two perspectives: micro analyses focusing on management strategies of companies, and macro assessment of cross-country interdependences. In order to explore the ongoing innovation paths, this paper adopts a third perspective on the supply chain, focusing on the internal structure of specializations within the automotive supply chain in Italy. If we compare the degree of fragmentation across global value chains, the automotive supply chain has the highest degree of fragmentation. With regard to Italy, its structural characteristics (number, size of companies, location) and dynamics of change deserve attention both for its large share in domestic production and for its interconnections with other supply chains. In this paper, we explore a strategy to identify a classification of specializations within the automotive supply chain grounded on the textual description of activities provided by companies when they register their business. Pending the acquisition of the database for the other years of the Observatory, in this work the analysis refers only to 2017 data. |
| Keywords: | automotive supply chains, industrial specialization, fragmentation, textual analysis, regional analysis, similarity analysis, IRaMuTeQ, Taltac2 |
| JEL: | L62 R12 Z13 |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mod:cappmo:0157&r=geo |
| By: | Bogang Jun; Aamena Alshamsi; Jian Gao; Cesar A Hidalgo |
| Abstract: | During the last decades two important contributions have reshaped our understanding of international trade. First, countries trade more with those with whom they share history, language, and culture, suggesting that trade is limited by information frictions. Second, countries are more likely to start exporting products that are similar to their current exports, suggesting that knowledge diffusion among related industries is a key constrain shaping the diversification of exports. But does knowledge about how to export to a destination also diffuses among related products and geographic neighbors? Do countries need to learn how to trade each product to each destination? Here, we use bilateral trade data from 2000 to 2015 to show that countries are more likely to increase their exports of a product to a destination when: (i) they export related products to it, (ii) they export the same product to the neighbor of a destination, (iii) they have neighbors who export the same product to that destination. Then, we explore the magnitude of these effects for new, nascent, and experienced exporters, (exporters with and without comparative advantage in a product) and also for groups of products with different level of technological sophistication. We find that the effects of product and geographic relatedness are stronger for new exporters, and also, that the effect of product relatedness is stronger for more technologically sophisticated products. These findings support the idea that international trade is shaped by information frictions that are reduced in the presence of related products and experienced geographic neighbors. |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:1709.05392&r=geo |
| By: | Sara Amoroso (European Commission - JRC); Alex Coad (CENTRUM Católica Graduate Business School, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú); Nicola Grassano (European Commission – JRC) |
| Abstract: | Recent empirical studies have investigated the territorial impact of Europe’s research policies, in particular the contribution of the European Framework Programmes to the integration of a European Research Area. This paper deepens the analysis on the integration and participation of peripheral regions, by focusing on the differences in intensity and determinants of inter-regional collaborations across three groups of collaborations. We consider collaborations among more developed regions, between more and less developed regions, and among less developed regions. Building on the recent spatial interaction literature, this paper investigates the effects of physical, institutional, social and technological proximity on the intensity of inter-regional research collaboration across heterogeneous European regions. We find that the impact of disparities in human capital and technological proximity on regional R&D cooperation is relevant and differs across subgroups of collaborations. Moreover, despite the efforts of integrating marginal actors, peripheral regions have lower rates of collaborations. |
| Keywords: | European Research Area, spatial interaction modelling, R&D collaboration, regional integration |
| JEL: | O38 L14 F15 R15 |
| Date: | 2017–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:wpaper:201707&r=geo |
| By: | Basile, Roberto; Girardi, Alessandro; Mantuano, Marianna; Russo, Giuseppe |
| Abstract: | We analyze the effect of interregional migration on regional unemployment in Italy. With the help of a simple two-region model adapted to the main features of the Italian NorthSouth dualism, we illustrate the effects of labor mobility with and without human capital externalities. Using longitudinal data over the years 2002-2011 for 103 NUTS-3 Italian regions, we document that net outflows of human capital from the South to the North have increased the unemployment rate in the South, while it did not affect the unemployment rate in the North. Our analysis contributes to the literature on interregional human capital mobility suggesting that reducing human capital flight from Southern regions should be a priority. |
| Keywords: | Unemployment,Migration,Human Capital,Exernalities,Italian Regions |
| JEL: | C23 R23 J61 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:168560&r=geo |
| By: | Ignacio Lozano-Espitia (Banco de la República de Colombia); Diana Ricciulli-Marin (Banco de la República de Colombia) |
| Abstract: | Este documento provee evidencia sobre los efectos del impuesto predial en los precios de la vivienda nueva en Bogotá para el período 2009-2016. Se utiliza información fiscal y de los atributos físicos y de localización de 6.013 predios residenciales de estratos medios y altos, ubicados en las tres localidades de mayor urbanización y contribución al fisco (Chapinero, Suba y Usaquén). Mediante el uso de modelos espaciales para datos de panel, el trabajo encuentra que los aumentos registrados en la tarifa efectiva del predial han impactado negativamente los precios de los inmuebles y que dicho efecto ha venido aumentando en los últimos años. Los resultados son robustos tanto a cambios en la matriz de pesos espaciales como a cambios en las metodologías de estimación. Los ejercicios controlan por los impactos sobre los precios debidos a los atributos físicos de las viviendas, su estrato y ubicación, con resultados coherentes con la evidencia internacional sobre precios hedónicos. Classification JEL: H71, R14, R13, C21 |
| Keywords: | Impuestos a la propiedad, precios de la vivienda, modelos hedónicos, econometría espacial |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdr:borrec:1016&r=geo |
| By: | Céline Bourbousson (LEST - Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Cet article part de la volonté de questionner la potentialité d'une dynamique locale de régulation. Il s'appuie sur l'étude de cas du Pôle Territorial de Coopération Economique (PTCE) éco-matériaux 04-05, qui cherche à structurer les filières de l'éco-construction dans les départements des Hautes-Alpes et des Alpes de Haute Provence. Véritable instrument de politique publique en faveur de l'ESS, ce dispositif s'est élaboré sur les apports théoriques de l'économie territoriale. La catégorie du local est ainsi l'échelle privilégiée de la construction et de l'appréhension de la démarche. D'ailleurs, pour expliquer les freins et les écueils que rencontre le projet, les discours des acteurs font souvent référence à des enjeux locaux ou des explications monocausales. Nous entendons a contrario adopter un angle plus macro en nous appuyant sur la théorie de la Régulation, pour mieux cerner le PTCE en tant que méso-système imbriqué dans un régime d'accumulation. Cet angle permet de saisir comment le PTCE est contraint par les dispositifs institutionnels qui régissent le secteur, et de questionner la dialectique méso-macro et son éventuelle capacité à structurer et développer les filières des éco-matériaux sur le territoire étudié. |
| Keywords: | Territoire,Pôle Territorial de Coopération Economique,régulation,effet d'agglomération,ressources |
| Date: | 2016–05–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01430329&r=geo |