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on Economic Geography |
| By: | Andrew Coleman; John Landon-Lane (Reserve Bank of New Zealand) |
| Abstract: | This paper uses a structural vector autoregression model to analyse the relationship between migration flows, housing construction and house prices in New Zealand. It shows that a net immigration flow equal to one percent of the population is associated with an approximately 10 percent increase in house prices. This size of this relationship, which has existed since the 1960s, is an order of magnitude larger than would be expected from the average change in the population and house prices in the long term. One explanation is that migration flows occur at times when locals are changing their demand for housing because of revised expectations about future income growth. A second explanation is that migrant flows have a destabilising effect on agents expectations about the fundamental value of houses. While the paper cannot satisfactorily distinguish between these two options, the results suggest that monetary policy can still be used to dampen the house price changes that occur at times when migration flows are unusually large. |
| JEL: | E50 J61 R21 R23 |
| Date: | 2007–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nzb:nzbdps:2007/12&r=geo |
| By: | Al-Hassan, Ramatu M.; Diao, Xinshen |
| Abstract: | "The development pattern in Ghana is characterised by a north-south divide in which the north lags far behind the south... This paper sets out to identify avenues for pro-poor growth in Ghana, focussing on agricultural opportunities, particularly in northern Ghana. Using an economywide, multimarket model and based on time series production data between 1991 and 2000 and Ghana Living Standards Survey data of 1991/92 and 1998/99, this paper analyzes the possible poverty reduction trends up to 2015 by assuming different patterns of growth. The results show that agriculture-led growth has a larger poverty reducing effect than nonagriculture-led growth... A review of the literature shows that while the north generally is a net migration area, the rewards of migration have been limited because people who migrate have no skills and are, therefore, limited to entering the informal job market where wages are low. The implication is to enhance this labour with education and skills. Ultimately, the regions must attract production investment to boost economic activity and generate local growth. The state must play a leading role in investing in productive and social infrastructure as a way of facilitating the environment for private sector operators.: from Authors' Abstract |
| Keywords: | Pro-poor growth, Regional inequality, Poverty reduction, Agricultural growth, Economywide modeling, Public investment, |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:00693&r=geo |
| By: | Huang, Zuhui; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zhu, Yunwei |
| Abstract: | "Wenzhou used to be one of the poorest regions in eastern China. With limited arable land, poor road access to major cities, and little support from the upper level governments, this region seemed to lack all the conditions necessary for economic growth. However, over the past several decades Wenzhou has developed the most dynamic private sector in China, and has accordingly achieved one of the fastest growth rates. In particular, the footwear industry in Wenzhou has grown from a negligible market share to the largest in China. Here, we report a survey of 140 Wenzhou-based footwear enterprises of various scales, and use this information to examine the driving forces behind the dramatic rural industrial growth seen in this region. Our results show that clustering deepens the division of labor in the production process and makes it possible for small entrepreneurial firms to enter the industry by focusing on a narrowly defined stage of production. Therefore, Wenzhou represents an example of how clustering plays a significant role in helping fledgling rural industries overcome the growth constraints of capital and technology in the incipient stage of industrialization." from Authors' Abstract |
| Keywords: | Cluster analysis, Industrialization, Finance, Economic development, Nonfarm economy, |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fpr:ifprid:00705&r=geo |
| By: | Pierre Billet-Legros (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - [CNRS : UMR5593] - [Université Lumière - Lyon II] - [Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat]); Annie Delort (SESP - Service économie, statistiques et prospective - [Ministère de l'écologie, du développement et de l'aménagement durables]) |
| Abstract: | En 2005, se dessine une Europe du transport routier de marchandises à deux vitesses : l’une dynamique, notamment à l’international, avec les pavillons allemand, espagnol, italien, portugais, des pays baltes, polonais ; l’autre avec les pavillons français, britannique et belge, qui perdent des parts de marché et de l’activité.<br />Les pavillons de l’Est, principalement de la Pologne et des pays baltes, développent le transport entre pays tiers au détriment du pavillon luxembourgeois dont l’activité diminue.<br />Le pavillon allemand progresse, appuyé sur son activité de transport entre pays tiers, sans doute favorisée par la place géographique centrale de ce pays dans l’Europe élargie. L’Espagne reste le pays qui a la plus grande croissance depuis 2000 mais dont le rythme ralentit cependant en 2005.<br />L’évolution de l’activité nationale du pavillon reste fortement liée à la croissance économique du pays. L’Italie, quant à elle, doit sa croissance à ses gains de parts de marchés, notamment face à la France, la Belgique et l’Allemagne. |
| Keywords: | Transport routier de marchandises ; pavillon routier ; Europe |
| Date: | 2007 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:papers:halshs-00175812_v1&r=geo |