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on Gender |
| By: | Francesconi, Marco (University of Essex); Parey, Matthias (University of Essex) |
| Abstract: | We use data from six cohorts of university graduates in Germany to assess the extent of gender gaps in college and labor market performance twelve to eighteen months after graduation. Men and women enter college in roughly equal numbers, but more women than men complete their degrees. Women enter college with slightly better high school grades, but women leave university with slightly lower marks. Immediately following university completion, male and female full-timers work very similar number of hours per week, but men earn more than women across the pay distribution, with an unadjusted gender gap in full-time monthly earnings of about 20 log points on average. Including a large set of controls reduces the gap to 5-10 log points. The single most important proximate factor that explains the gap is field of study at university. |
| Keywords: | gender wage gap, field of study, university graduates, Germany |
| JEL: | J16 J31 J71 |
| Date: | 2018–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp11361&r=gen |
| By: | Giovanni D’Alessio (Bank of Italy) |
| Abstract: | The paper, using data from the Bank of Italy’s Survey of Household Income and Wealth, estimates the intrahousehold distribution of wealth. On the basis of reconstructed data, a large gap between men and women emerges, greater for financial assets than for real assets and in particular for real estate. This gap, smaller among young people, increases with age; it is decreasing over time, but has remained significant in recent years. Gini concentration indices computed on individual net wealth are far greater than those calculated on household wealth or per capita wealth, which shares wealth equally among household members. The trend in concentration indices, however, does not significantly change. Some regressions suggest that the observed gaps are largely attributable to gender differences in terms of age, educational qualifications, employment and income. |
| Keywords: | Household wealth, intrahousehold distribution, gender gap |
| JEL: | D31 D13 J16 |
| Date: | 2018–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdi:opques:qef_433_18&r=gen |
| By: | Lamia Benhabib (ERUDITE - Equipe de Recherche sur l’Utilisation des Données Individuelles en lien avec la Théorie Economique - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12); Philippe Adair (ERUDITE - Equipe de Recherche sur l’Utilisation des Données Individuelles en lien avec la Théorie Economique - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12) |
| Abstract: | We present the results of a correspondence testing, designed to measure the effect of gender on the probability of obtaining a job interview in the region of Oran (Algeria). The experimental protocol consists in responding to job offers in the accounting profession with 300 fictitious applications from identical profiles of distinct gender. Against conventional wisdom, the analysis of gross and conditional discrimination reveals a marked favouritism towards female candidates applying for various job positions in the accounting profession, which is experiencing some shortage. Beyond this paradox of positive discrimination favouring women, the explanation may be found in the presumed acceptance of lower wages by female applicants, driving to entrenchment in low-skilled jobs. |
| Keywords: | testing,Algeria,discrimination,gender,labour market,inequalities |
| Date: | 2017–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01683421&r=gen |
| By: | Viola von Berlepsch; Andrés Rodríguez-Pose; Neil Lee |
| Abstract: | Does the economic effect of immigrant women differ from that of immigrants in general? This paper examines if gender has influenced the short- and long-term economic impact of mass migration to the US, using Census microdata from 1880 and 1910. By means of ordinary least squares and instrumental variable estimations, the analysis shows that a greater concentration of immigrant women is significantly associated with lower levels of economic development in US counties. However, immigrant women also shaped economic development positively, albeit indirectly via their children. Communities with more children born to foreign mothers and that successfully managed to integrate female immigrants experienced greater economic growth than those dominated by children of foreign-born fathers or American-born parents. |
| Keywords: | Gender, migration, economic growth, development, counties, US |
| JEL: | F22 J16 J61 O15 R23 |
| Date: | 2018–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1815&r=gen |