| Abstract: |
This study explores the evolution, determinants, and disparities of digital
financial inclusion (DFI) in Saudi Arabia from 2011 to 2021, with a focus on
the post-COVID-19 period. Using micro-level cross-sectional data from the
World Bank’s Global Findex database, we apply a multivariate Probit regression
to examine the drivers of DFI across demographic, socioeconomic, and
infrastructural dimensions. While Saudi Arabia has made notable progress in
digital finance, gaps persist among women, the less educated, low-income
groups, and the unemployed. Access to mobile phones and internet connectivity
significantly enhances DFI, underscoring the role of digital infrastructure.
As the first systematic analysis of DFI in Saudi Arabia using Global Findex
data, this study provides timely insights into the inclusive digital
transformation process. Importantly, it highlights how expanding equitable
access to digital financial services can support broader goals of
socioeconomic sustainability, reduce structural inequalities, and contribute
to the Vision 2030 agenda. The findings offer practical guidance for
policymakers seeking to design sustainable, inclusive financial ecosystems in
the digital era. |